基于丙烯酰胺系列新型水凝胶的合成与膨胀性能

2014-05-04 18:41刘展晴
湖北农业科学 2014年2期
关键词:传统型网孔丙烯酰胺

刘展晴

摘要:通过自由基聚合方法合成聚丙烯酰胺

关键词:PAAM水凝胶;P(AAM-co-MMA)水凝胶;膨胀性;pH敏感性

中图分类号:R318.08 文献标识码: A 文章编号:0439-8114(2014)02-0398-03

Synthesis of Novel Hydrogels Based on AAM and Swelling Abilities

LIU Zhan-qing

(School of Chemistry and Life Sciences,Weinan Normal University,Weinan 714000,Shannxi,China)

Abstract: The PAAM hydroges, P(AAM-co-MAA) hydrogels of different MAA and MAA, hydrogel were perapared by free radical polymerization methods. The morphology characterization, swelling ability and pH-sensitivity of these hydrogels were studied. The results showed that the(AAM-co-MAA) hydrogel exhibited better swelling capability and pH sensitivity than that of the PAAM. The(AAM-co-MAA) hydrogel with reasonable ratio(AAM∶MAA=13∶2) had best swelling capability and pH sensitivity. The hydrogel with these special properties was expected to be applied to the field of drug controlled release.

Key words: PAMM hydrogel; P(AAM-co-MMA) hydrogel; swelling ability; pH-sensitivity

水凝胶是一种三维网状结构的亲水但不溶于水的高分子聚合物[1],是自然界中普遍存在的物质形态,例如人体的肌肉、眼球、血管等器官都是由水凝胶构成。它一般通过共价键、氢键或范德华力等作用力构成,具有良好的生物相容性和膨胀性,是一种发展迅速的高分子材料[2]。通常将水凝胶分为传统型水凝胶和环境敏感性水凝胶,传统型水凝胶对外界环境的刺激变化不敏感,环境敏感性水凝胶的一些自身性质随外界环境的变化而变化。当受到特殊化学物质作用时,环境敏感性水凝胶分子网络内的链段产生较大的构象变化,从而产生溶胀或收缩,当去掉外界刺激时,凝胶能自动回复到稳定状态。由于环境敏感性水凝胶的这种智能性使它应用在很多领域,尤其是在药物的靶向定位及缓控释放[3]、固定化酶[4]、蛋白质的分离[5]、人工肌肉[6]以及生物传感和催化等方面都有很大的应用前景。在一系列的水凝胶中,丙烯酰胺(AAM)系列水凝胶的研究一直受到人们的重视。本研究设计并合成新的含AAM的水凝胶,并对其膨胀性能及pH敏感性能进行研究,以期得到一种膨胀性和pH敏感性更为优越的水凝胶。

1 材料与方法

1.1 材料

1.1.1 试剂 丙烯酰胺(AAM)、甲基丙烯酸(MAA)、过硫酸铵(APS)、 N,N-二甲基双丙烯酰胺(BIS)、四甲基乙二胺(TEMED)。

1.1.2 仪器 扫描电子显微镜(Quanta 200)、双频超声波清洗机(SB-5200D)、电热鼓风干燥箱、集热式恒温加热磁力搅拌器(DF-Ⅱ)。

1.2 方法

1.2.1 水凝胶的制备

1.2.2 表征和性能测试

2 结果与分析

2.1 扫描电镜的形貌分析

冷冻经干燥后的PAAM、P(AAM-co-MAA)水凝胶断面的SEM表面形貌见图1。这2种水凝胶在溶胀的时候都具有展开的微孔形貌特征,这种特殊结构与水凝胶的吸水及保水性关系密切[8]。通过比较发现,这些水凝胶展现出不同的孔洞表面尺寸和孔洞密度,PAAM水凝胶的表面比较光滑,其网孔密度较大,网孔尺寸较小,P(AAM-co-MAA)水凝胶的网孔密度较小,网孔尺寸较大。这些结构的变化直接影响凝胶的膨胀性能。

2.2 水凝胶膨胀性能研究

2.2.1 不同组成水凝胶的膨胀性能

3 结论

参考文献:

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[7] CAO Y,LI S Z, XUE Z J, et al. Spectroscopic and electrical characterization of some aniline oligomers and polyaniline[J]. Synth Met,1986,12(10):305-316.

[8] HAIDER S, PARK S Y,SAEED K,et al. Swelling and electroresponsive characteristics of gelatin immobilized onto multi-walled carbon nanotubes[J]. Sens Actuators B,2007,124(2):517-528.

[9] TANAKA T, SUN S T,NISHIO I, et al. Phase transitions in ionic gels[J]. Physical Review Letters,1980,45(8):1636-1639.

[10] HUANG Y, YU H, XIAO C. pH-sensitive cationic guar gum poly (acrylic acid) polyelectrolyte hydrogels: Swelling and in vitro drug release[J]. Carbohyd Polym,2007,69(7):774-783.

[4] ALEXANDER P, ANITA J. Prausnitz, partitioning of proteins and small bio-molecules in temperature and pH-sensitive hydrogels[J]. Polymer,1996,37(8):2151-2164.

[5] TAE G P. Temperature modulated protein release from pH-temperature sensitive hydrogels[J]. Bio-materials,1999,20(8):517-521.

[6] SCHMEDLEN R H, MASTERS K S, WEST J L. Photocross- linkable polyvinyl alcohol hydrogels that can be modified with cell adhesion peptides for use in tissue engineering[J]. Biomsterials,2002,23(22):4325-4332.

[7] CAO Y,LI S Z, XUE Z J, et al. Spectroscopic and electrical characterization of some aniline oligomers and polyaniline[J]. Synth Met,1986,12(10):305-316.

[8] HAIDER S, PARK S Y,SAEED K,et al. Swelling and electroresponsive characteristics of gelatin immobilized onto multi-walled carbon nanotubes[J]. Sens Actuators B,2007,124(2):517-528.

[9] TANAKA T, SUN S T,NISHIO I, et al. Phase transitions in ionic gels[J]. Physical Review Letters,1980,45(8):1636-1639.

[10] HUANG Y, YU H, XIAO C. pH-sensitive cationic guar gum poly (acrylic acid) polyelectrolyte hydrogels: Swelling and in vitro drug release[J]. Carbohyd Polym,2007,69(7):774-783.

[4] ALEXANDER P, ANITA J. Prausnitz, partitioning of proteins and small bio-molecules in temperature and pH-sensitive hydrogels[J]. Polymer,1996,37(8):2151-2164.

[5] TAE G P. Temperature modulated protein release from pH-temperature sensitive hydrogels[J]. Bio-materials,1999,20(8):517-521.

[6] SCHMEDLEN R H, MASTERS K S, WEST J L. Photocross- linkable polyvinyl alcohol hydrogels that can be modified with cell adhesion peptides for use in tissue engineering[J]. Biomsterials,2002,23(22):4325-4332.

[7] CAO Y,LI S Z, XUE Z J, et al. Spectroscopic and electrical characterization of some aniline oligomers and polyaniline[J]. Synth Met,1986,12(10):305-316.

[8] HAIDER S, PARK S Y,SAEED K,et al. Swelling and electroresponsive characteristics of gelatin immobilized onto multi-walled carbon nanotubes[J]. Sens Actuators B,2007,124(2):517-528.

[9] TANAKA T, SUN S T,NISHIO I, et al. Phase transitions in ionic gels[J]. Physical Review Letters,1980,45(8):1636-1639.

[10] HUANG Y, YU H, XIAO C. pH-sensitive cationic guar gum poly (acrylic acid) polyelectrolyte hydrogels: Swelling and in vitro drug release[J]. Carbohyd Polym,2007,69(7):774-783.

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