佘珍珍 吴慧萍 史荣芬
【摘要】目的:观察集束化护理措施预防脑出血患者术后下肢深静脉血栓(DVT)形成的效果。方法:以2021年4月—2023年3月作为研究展开阶段,取60例脑出血患者,按照随机分组方式划分为对照组与观察组,每组30例,分别给予常规护理与集束化护理。比较两组护理效果。结果:护理后,观察组股静脉血流速度(平均速度及峰值速度)、并发症发生情况(偏瘫、DVT、失语症、精神及智力障碍)以及满意度情况更为优越(P<0.05);两组护理前后凝血功能指标(APTT、PT、TT及Fg)对比差异较小(P>0.05)。结论:对于脑出血患者,术后应用集束化护理模式进行干预,有助于降低DVT发生率,对护理质量有较好的改善作用,有助于术后机体的恢复,临床应用价值较高。
【关键词】脑出血;下肢深静脉血栓;集束化护理;预防措施
Observation on the effect of cluster nursing on prevention of lower limb deep vein thrombosis in patients with cerebral hemorrhage after operation
SHE Zhenzhen, WU Huiping, SHI Rongfen
Nanjing Jiangning Hospital, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211199, China
【Abstract】Objective:To observe the effect of cluster nursing measures on preventing lower extremities deep vein thrombosis (DVT) in patients with cerebral hemorrhage after operation.Methods:From April 2021 to March 2023as the research phase,60 patients with cerebral hemorrhage were randomly divided into the control group and the observation group,with 30 cases in each group,routine nursing and cluster nursing were given respectively.The nursing effects between the two groups were compared.Results:After nursing,the blood flow velocity of femoral vein (average velocity and peak velocity),incidence of complications (hemiplegia,DVT,aphasia,mental and intellectual disabilities) and satisfaction in the observation group were more superior (P<0.05);The differences in coagulation function indicators(APTT,PT,TTand Fg) between the two groups before and after nursing were relatively small (P>0.05).Conclusion:For patients with cerebral hemorrhage,postoperative intervention using a cluster nursing model can help reduce the incidence of DVT,improve nursing quality,and promote postoperative recovery of the body.It has high clinical application value.
【Key Words】Cerebral hemorrhage; Lower limb deep vein thrombosis; Cluster nursing; Preventive measure
因非外伤所导致的脑实质内血管破裂的出血症状在临床上称为脑出血,作为突发急症,具有病情进展快、致死率及致残率较高等特点[1]。针对此类人员多是应用手术方式进行治疗,術后需要通过长期卧床,下肢在此过程中运动量少,静脉血液流动速度缓慢,容易出现凝结障碍,容易引发DVT[2]。基于此,临床应给予必要的护理措施进行干预,集束化护理是现阶段常用的模式之一,主要是将现有明确且具体的护理措施应用于患者,以提升预后效果,降低并发症发生率。
1.1 一般资料 选取2021年4月—2023年3月本院收治的60例脑出血患者为研究对象,按随机数字表法均分为观察组与对照组,按照随机分组方式划分为对照组与观察组,每组30例,两组患者基本资料对比差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),如表1所示。纳入标准:(1)通过临床影像学检查、疾病史询问、观察相关症状等多种手段明确存在脑出血;(2)利用书面表述联合语言讲解研究相关内容,在无他人影响的前提下,获取本人及其家属的自主同意。排除标准:(1)对其凝血功能进行检查,可见功能障碍者;(2)因疾病或遗传等因素,导致日常沟通能力异常者。