双歧杆菌三联活菌胶囊治疗伴SIBO阳性反流性食管炎患者的临床效果

2022-01-25 04:44何瑞丽刘战国张瑞敏肖聃
四川生理科学杂志 2021年10期
关键词:食管炎活菌双歧

何瑞丽 刘战国 张瑞敏 肖聃

·临床论著·

双歧杆菌三联活菌胶囊治疗伴SIBO阳性反流性食管炎患者的临床效果

何瑞丽*1刘战国1张瑞敏1肖聃2

(1. 上蔡县中医院内一科,河南 驻马店 463800;2. 南阳南石医院肿瘤科,河南 南阳 473031)

察双歧杆菌三联活菌胶囊治疗伴小肠细菌过度生长(SIBO)阳性反流性食管炎(RE)患者的临床疗效。选取我院收治的72例伴SIBO阳性RE患者(2019年8月~2020年12月),根据治疗方案不同分为对照组(36例)、观察组(36例)。两组均给予常规治疗,对照组采用奥美拉唑肠溶片治疗,观察组在对照组基础上加用双歧杆菌三联活菌胶囊治疗。比较分析两组临床疗效、治疗前及治疗3个月后胃食管反流病问卷评分(GerdQ评分)、食管远端收缩积分(DCI积分)、肠道菌群变化(双歧杆菌、肠杆菌、肠球菌)、炎性因子水平[白细胞介素-6(IL-6)、白细胞介素-8(IL-8)、白细胞介素-10(IL-10)。两组治疗后总有效率比较,观察组高于对照组(P<0.05);治疗后,观察组GerdQ评分低于对照组,DCI积分高于对照组(P<0.05);治疗后,观察组双歧杆菌数量高于对照组,肠杆菌、肠球菌数量低于对照组(P<0.05);治疗后,观察组IL-6、IL-8水平均低于对照组,IL-10水平高于对照组(P<0.05)。双歧杆菌三联活菌胶囊治疗伴SIBO阳性RE患者疗效确切,可有效减轻机体炎症反应,改善肠道菌群环境,增强患者食管收缩功能,促进病情改善。

双歧杆菌三联活菌胶囊;小肠细菌过度生长;反流性食管炎

反流性食管炎(Reflux esophagitis,RE)为消化系统常见疾病,多表现为胸痛、胸骨后烧灼感,可对患者咽喉、气道等造成刺激性损伤,且当合并小肠细菌过度生长(Small intestinal bacterial overgrowth,SIBO)时,可进一步加重患者腹泻、腹痛等症状,影响患者正常生活质量[1-2]。奥美拉唑为临床治疗食管反流病常用药物之一,可通过抑制胃酸过度分泌,有效缓解患者胃灼热等症状,但长期使用易造成肠道微生态环境紊乱,影响治疗效果,故多与益生菌类药物联合使用以改善患者肠道菌群,提升临床疗效[3]。

本研究观察双歧杆菌三联活菌胶囊治疗伴SIBO阳性RE患者的临床疗效,现报告如下。

1 资料与方法

1.1 一般资料

选取我院72例伴SIBO阳性RE患者(2019年8月~2020年12月),根据治疗方案不同分为对照组(36例)和观察组(36例),对照组男19例,女17例,年龄32~60岁,平均年龄(43.35±5.14)岁;病程1~10年,平均病程(5.85±2.02)年;体质量45~68 kg,平均体质量(57.96±5.09)kg;观察组男20例,女16例,年龄34~61岁,平均年龄(44.76±4.89)岁;病程1.5~12年,平均病程(6.23±2.11)年;体质量44~70 kg,平均体质量(59.03±4.93)kg;两组患者基线资料均衡可比(P>0.05),研究经我院伦理委员会审核批准。

纳入标准:经食管阻抗、胃镜等临床检查确诊为伴SIBO阳性RE患者;临床资料完整;患者及家属知情同意本研究,签署同意书。

排除标准:合并肠梗阻、食管溃疡等其他消化系统严重疾病者;合并肝、肾功能严重异常者;合并心、肺系统严重疾病者;合并恶性肿瘤者;伴有严重精神障碍,无法配合治疗者;哺乳期、妊娠期妇女;对本研究药物过敏者。

1.2 方法

两组均采用常规基础治疗,依病情不同给予护胃、抗炎、助消化等药物治疗。

1.2.1 对照组

采用奥美拉唑肠溶片(云鹏医药集团有限公司,国药准字H20123239,规格20mg)治疗,于早晚餐前30 min吞服,20mg·次-1,2次·d-1。

1.2.2 观察组

上述基础上采用双歧杆菌三联活菌胶囊(上海上药信谊药厂有限公司,国药准字S10950032,规格210 mg),口服,420 mg·次-1,3次·d-1;两组均持续用药3个月。

1.3 观察指标

(1)对比分析两组临床疗效。疗效评估标准:治疗后,患者胸痛、反酸、胃灼热等临床症状消失,胃镜复查食管黏膜恢复为正常形态为显效;治疗后,患者胸痛、反酸、胃灼热等临床症状明显改善,胃镜复查食管黏膜病变面积减少>50%为有效;治疗后,患者胸痛、反酸、胃灼热等临床症状无明显改善甚至加重为无效。总有效率=(显效例数+有效例数)/总例数×100%。

(2)采用胃食管反流病问卷(Gastroeso-phageal reflux disease questionnaire,GerdQ)评分、食管远端收缩(Distal contractile index,DCI)积分评估两组疾病发作频率、食管收缩功能;GerdQ评分:包括烧心、反酸、睡眠障碍、上腹痛等6项内容,总分值0~18分,评分越高,表示患者疾病发作频率越高;DCI积分:采用高分辨率食管测压装置(美国ManoScan)测定,DCI积分越高,表示食管体部收缩功能越好。

(3)对比分析两组肠道菌群变化。于治疗前及治疗后3个月采集两组粪便标本,并于培养基中行菌群培养,采用平板菌落计数法检测1g粪便标本中双歧杆菌、肠杆菌、肠球菌含量。

(4)对比分析两组炎性因子水平。于治疗前及治疗后3个月采集两组清晨空腹静脉血5mL,常规离心后(3 000 r·min-1,20 min),取上层血清,-60℃保存待检,采用酶联免疫吸附试验(Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay,ELISA)及配套试剂严格按照试剂盒检测步骤操作检测两组白细胞介素-6(Interleukin-6,IL-6)、白细胞介素-8(Interleukin-8,IL-8)、白细胞介素-10(Interleukin-10,IL-10)水平。

1.4 统计学方法

2 结果

2.1 对比两组临床疗效

两组治疗后总有效率比较,观察组91.67%高于对照组72.22%(P<0.05),见表1。

2.2 对比两组GerdQ评分、DCI积分

治疗前,两组GerdQ评分、DCI积分对比无显著差异(P>0.05),治疗后,观察组GerdQ评分低于对照组,DCI积分高于对照组(P<0.05),见表2。

2.3 对比两组肠道菌群变化

治疗前,两组双歧杆菌、肠杆菌、肠球菌数量对比无显著差异(P>0.05),治疗后,观察组双歧杆菌数量高于对照组,肠杆菌、肠球菌数量低于对照组(P<0.05),见表3。

2.4 对比两组炎性因子水平

治疗前,两组IL-6、IL-8、IL-10水平对比无显著差异(P>0.05),治疗后,观察组IL-6、IL-8水平均低于对照组,IL-10水平高于对照组(P<0.05),见表4。

表1 两组临床疗效比较 [例(%),n=36]

注:与对照组相比,*P<0.05。

表2 两组GerdQ评分、DCI积分比较(±SD,n=36)

注:与本组治疗前相比,P<0.05与同期对照组相比,*P<0.05。

表3 两组肠道菌群变化比较(±SD,n=36)

注:与本组治疗前比较,#P<0.05;与同期对照组比较,*P<0.05。

表4 两组炎性因子水平比较(±SD,n=36)

注:与本组治疗前比较,#P<0.05;与同期对照组比较,*P<0.05。

3 讨论

RE为一种食道黏膜性炎症,常引发咽下疼痛、反胃等,若不给予及时有效治疗,可并发食管狭窄或消化性溃疡,危及患者生命健康[4-5]。奥美拉唑是一种质子泵抑制剂,为临床治疗RE患者首选药物之一,主要可通过抑制外部刺激性及基础性胃酸分泌,调节胃内酸碱平衡,从而有效改善患者胃灼热、胃反酸等症状;还可通过持久性抑制胃黏膜细胞内二丁基环腺苷酸大量分泌,有效提升胃内PH值,进一步改善胃部内环境[6-7]。但相关研究表明,质子泵抑制剂在抑制胃酸同时可对胃酸屏障功能造成一定破坏,进而造成肠道菌群紊乱,故常需与其他益生菌类药物联合使用[8]。

双歧杆菌三联活菌胶囊为一种活菌制剂,由乳酸杆菌、双歧杆菌、粪肠球菌三种肠道固有菌组合制成,主要可通过发挥其竞争性抑制作用,有效抑制致病菌定植粘附于肠粘膜;还可通过激活肠黏膜上皮细胞及肠黏膜周边淋巴组织,有效提升肠粘膜局部自我防御力,进一步改善肠道菌群环境;此外,双歧杆菌三联活菌胶囊可经口服后借助于壁磷酸附着于肠黏膜上皮中,并与上皮细胞紧密结合形成强而有力的菌膜生物屏障,从而有效调节肠道内微生态环境,促进肠道功能恢复[9-10]。本研究结果显示,治疗后,观察组总有效率、DCI积分均高于对照组,GerdQ评分低于对照组,提示联合治疗改善患者反酸、腹痛等临床症状,增强食管体部收缩功能;本研究结果还发现,治疗后,观察组双歧杆菌数量高于对照组,肠杆菌、肠球菌数量低于对照组,提示双歧杆菌三联活菌胶囊辅助治疗可促进患者肠道菌群改善。

RE为一种炎症性消化系统疾病,其发病机制与炎症因子水平变化密切相关,IL-6为一种促炎症因子,主要由成纤维细胞和T淋巴细胞分泌而来,可通过诱导B淋巴细胞抗体释放,促使T淋巴细胞增殖、分化,进而使炎症细胞聚集于局部病变部位,加剧局部炎症反应;IL-8为一种由巨噬细胞和上皮细胞分泌而来的趋化因子,当其水平升高时,可进一步增强促炎效应,加剧患者临床症状;IL-10为一种多细胞源、多功能抗炎因子,由T淋巴细胞、单核吞噬细胞分泌而来,可调节细胞生长、分化,直接或间接性抑制消化系统中促炎症因子分泌、释放[11-12]。本研究结果显示,治疗后,观察组IL-6、IL-8水平均低于对照组,IL-10水平高于对照组,提示联合治疗可减轻机体炎性反应。

综上可知,双歧杆菌三联活菌胶囊治疗伴SIBO阳性RE患者的临床疗效显著,可有效改善机体炎症反应及食管体部收缩功能,调节肠道菌群,进一步减少患者疾病发作频率,促进其症状改善。

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Clinical effect of Bifidobacterium triple viable capsule in the treatment of patients with SIBO positive reflux esophagitis

He Rui-li1, Liu Zhan-guo1, Zhang Ruim-in1, Xiao Dan2

(1. The First Department of Internal Medicine, Shangcai County Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhumadian 4638001, Henan, China; 2. Department of Oncology, Nanyang Nanshi Hospital, Nanyang 4730312, Henan, China)

To observe the clinical efficacy of Bifidobacterium triple viable capsules in the treatment of reflux esophagitis (RE) with positive small intestinal bacterial overgrowth (SIBO).A total of 72 patients with SIBO-positive RE who were admitted to our hospital (from August 2019 to December 2020) were selected and divided into control group (36 cases) and observation group (36 cases) according to different treatment plans. Both groups were given conventional treatment. The control group was treated with omeprazole enteric-coated tablets, and the observation group was treated with bifidobacterium triple viable capsules on the basis of the control group. To compare and analyze the clinical efficacy of the two groups, the gastroesophageal reflux disease questionnaire score (GerdQ score), distal esophageal contraction score (DCI score), changes in intestinal flora (Bifidobacterium, Enterobacter, Enterococcus), levels of inflammatory factors [Interleukin-6 (IL-6), Interleukin-8 (IL-8), Interleukin-10 (IL-10).The total effective rate of the two groups after treatment was compared. The observation group was higher than the control group (P<0.05); after treatment, the Gerd Q score of the observation group was lower than the control group, and the DCI score was higher than that of the control group (P<0.05); The number of bifidobacteria in the observation group was higher than that of the control group, and the number of Enterobacter and Enterococcus was lower than that of the control group (P<0.05); after treatment, the levels of IL-6 and IL-8 in the observation group were lower than those of the control group, and the levels of IL-10 Higher than the control group (P<0.05).Bifidobacterium triple viable capsules are effective in treating patients with SIBO-positive RE, which can effectively reduce the body's inflammatory response, improve the environment of the intestinal flora, enhance the contractile function of the patient's esophagus, and promote the improvement of the condition.

Bifidobacterium triple viable capsules; Small intestinal bacterial overgrowth; Reflux esophagitis

·PROGRESS·

Early Remdesivir to Prevent Progression to Severe Covid-19 in Outpatients

Robert L Gottlieb, et al.

Background: Remdesivir improves clinical outcomes in patients hospitalized with moderate-to-severe coronavirus disease 2019 (Covid-19). Whether the use of remdesivir in symptomatic, nonhospitalized patients with Covid-19 who are at high risk for disease progression prevents hospitalization is uncertain.

Methods: We conducted a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial involving nonhospitalized patients with Covid-19 who had symptom onset within the previous 7 days and who had at least one risk factor for disease progression (age ≥60 years, obesity, or certain coexisting medical conditions). Patients were randomly assigned to receive intravenous remdesivir (200 mg on day 1 and 100 mg on days 2 and 3) or placebo. The primary efficacy end point was a composite of Covid-19-related hospitalization or death from any cause by day 28. The primary safety end point was any adverse event. A secondary end point was a composite of a Covid-19-related medically attended visit or death from any cause by day 28.

Results: A total of 562 patients who underwent randomization and received at least one dose of remdesivir or placebo were included in the analyses: 279 patients in the remdesivir group and 283 in the placebo group. The mean age was 50 years, 47.9% of the patients were women, and 41.8% were Hispanic or Latinx. The most common coexisting conditions were diabetes mellitus (61.6%), obesity (55.2%), and hypertension (47.7%). Covid-19-related hospitalization or death from any cause occurred in 2 patients (0.7%) in the remdesivir group and in 15 (5.3%) in the placebo group (hazard ratio, 0.13; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.03 to 0.59; P = 0.008). A total of 4 of 246 patients (1.6%) in the remdesivir group and 21 of 252 (8.3%) in the placebo group had a Covid-19-related medically attended visit by day 28 (hazard ratio, 0.19; 95% CI, 0.07 to 0.56). No patients had died by day 28. Adverse events occurred in 42.3% of the patients in the remdesivir group and in 46.3% of those in the placebo group.

Conclusions: Among nonhospitalized patients who were at high risk for Covid-19 progression, a 3-day course of remdesivir had an acceptable safety profile and resulted in an 87% lower risk of hospitalization or death than placebo. (Funded by Gilead Sciences; PINETREE ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT04501952; EudraCT number, 2020-003510-12.).

N Engl J Med . 2021 Dec 22.

作者简介:何瑞丽,女,副主任医师,主要从事中医院内科临床工作,Email:edvfi596@163.com。

10.1056/NEJMoa2116846.

(2021-9-4)

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酪酸梭菌活菌散剂治疗小儿感染性腹泻对血清IL-6、PCT水平的影响
双歧杆菌三联活菌散、蒙脱石散联合治疗小儿腹泻的临床效果分析
提升了养殖 现代养殖离不开活菌
母乳婴儿源产细菌素双歧杆菌的分离鉴定
以胸痛为突出表现的返流性食管炎临床分析