英语“一题多做”

李忠科

摘 要：英國著名的语言学家D. A. Wilkins（1972）曾经精辟的指出：没有语法不能很好的表达，而没有词汇则什么也不能表达，可以毫不夸张地说，词汇量是制约外语学习的最重要因素。尽管英语考试有各种题型，但词汇却贯穿了英语试卷的方方面面。词汇是应对各类试题的基石，无论做任何题目，理解题义是第一位的。纵然你有再好的语法知识和各种做题的小技巧，但如果没有足够的词汇量，你英语高考的结局仍然会“折戟沙场”！下面我们介绍一种一题多做的方法让学生在扩大词汇量的同时提高阅读能力。

关键词：英语 一题多做 词汇 阅读

我们按照由易到难的做题顺序，将以下文章变形为1.完形（完形填空每小题所涉及的四个选项里面的单词主要是来自于外研版英语必修一——必修五词汇表里的单词，学生在做题的时候，在某种程度上又将课本的单词复习了一遍），2. 阅读，3.阅读表达。

变形一————完形填空

[1] Jean Paul Getty was born in 1892 in Minneapolis， Minnesota. He became a millionaire when he was only 24. His father was_1__， but he did not help his son. Getty made his millions alone. He made his money from oil. He owned Getty Oil and over 100 other companies. The Fortune magazine once called Getty “the richest man in the world.”

[2]But he didnt leave in a happy life. He married five times and __2__five times. He had five children but spent little time __3__them. None of Gettys children had very happy lives.

[3]Getty loved to make money and loved to save it. _4__his great wealth， Getty was miser. Every evening， he wrote down every cent he __5__that day. He even put pay telephone in the guests bedrooms in his house so he could save money on phone bills.

[4] In 1973， kidnappers took his 16-year-old grandson， and _6_a large amount of money for his safe return. Gettys son asked his father for money to save his child. _7_Getty refused. The kidnappers were merciless and Gettys son made repeated requests for help from his father. Finally， Getty agreed to _8__the money， but at 4 percent interest.

[5] Getty started a museum at his home Malibu， California. He bought many important and beautiful pieces of art for the museum. When Getty died in 1976， the value of the _9__in the museum was $1 billion. He left all his money to the museum. After his death， the museum grew in_10_. Today it is one of the most important museums in the United States. Getty made a large fortune in his life， but he gave his money to the art world because he wanted people to learn about and love art.

1. A. healthy B. wealthy C. lonely D. friendly

2. A. divorced B. disliked C. embarrassed D. abandoned

3. A. for B. in C. on D. with

4. A. In spite of B. in terms of C. in control of D. in place of

5. A .spent B. cost C. took D. paid

6. A. demanded B. decided C. afforded D. declared

7. A. While B. However C. But D. and

8. A. lend B. borrow C. save D. solve

9. A. effort B. collection C. performance D. attempt

10. A. order B. shape C. age D. size

变形二——阅读理解

1. Whats the meaning of kidnappers in paragraph four？（词义猜测题）

A. Person who steal （sb.） away by force.

B. Person who looks after a child for a short time while the parents are out.

C. Person who take money or property from a person or place.

D. Person who offers to do sth. without being paid

2. Which of the following statement is true？ （推理判断）

A. Getty made a large fortune with the help of his father.

B. Getty and his children were happy because he was very rich.

C. Getty agreed to help his son for free

D. Getty was crazy about art.

3. What is the main idea of paragraph 4？ （主旨大意）

A. Getty was merciless B. Getty was miser. C. Getty was selfless to the art. D. Getty was wealthy.

4. The last paragraph is intended to tell us _______？ （觀点态度）

A. Getty didnt want to leave his money to his children

B. Getty made a great contribution to the art world of the USA.

C. Getty was very wealthy.

D. Getty is not only a millionaire but also an artist.

原题——阅读表达

将第二段改为[2]But money _________. He married five times and divorced five times. He had five children but spent little time with them. None of Gettys children had very happy lives. 其他段落参照变形一的文章

76. What is the main idea of Paragraph 1？ （no more than 8 words）

77. Fill in the blank in Paragraph 2 with proper words. （no more than 7 words）

78. Explain the underlined sentence in Paragraph3.

79. What did the kidnappers do to Gettys family （no more than 10 words）

80. What does the author want to tell us about Getty in the last paragraph？ （no more than 10 words）

总之，通过这种一题多做的方式，放低起点，循序渐进，提高了单词的复现率，增强了学生记忆单词的成就感，同时也提高了其阅读能力。作为一名一线老师，此方法在我校的教学实践中得到很好地教学效果，希望能为广大的英语工作者提供借鉴性的参考。