张珍,白威峰
降钙素原与C反应蛋白联合检测在儿童支气管肺炎及细菌性肺炎中的应用评价
张珍1,白威峰2
[摘要]目的:评价联合检测降钙素原(PCT)和C反应蛋白(CRP)水平变化在儿童支气管肺炎及细菌性肺炎患者疗效及预后判断中的临床意义。方法:2014年2月-2015年2月儿科综合病区102例支气管肺炎及细菌性肺炎儿童血清标本,其中支气管肺炎55例,细菌性肺炎47例,另将35名健康的儿童作为对照组。用化学发光法和乳胶凝集法分别检测其血清PCT及CRP水平。结果:以PCT>0.5 ng/ml及CRP>10 mg/L作为阳性判断标准,支气管肺炎及细菌性肺炎组血清PCT和CRP的阳性率明显高于对照组(P<0.01);同时,支气管肺炎及细菌性肺炎组血清中的PCT和CRP的水平也明显高于对照组(P<0.01);再经过有效抗菌药物治疗后,支气管肺炎及细菌性肺炎组血清中的PCT和CRP的水平明显降低(P<0.01)。结论:血清PCT及CRP联合测定能够对儿童支气管肺炎和细菌性肺炎的鉴别诊断具有重要的参考价值,而动态监测PCT、CRP的变化更有助于评估疾病的进展和预后。
[关键词]支气管肺炎;肺炎,细菌性;降钙素原;C反应蛋白;儿童
Application of combined determination of serum procalcitonin and CRP in children with bronchial pneumonia and bacterial pneumoniaZHANGZhen,BAIWei-feng.(BengbuFirstPeople'sHospital,Anhui233000,China)
【Abstract】Objective:To evaluate the clinical significance of combined determination of serum procalcitonin (PCT) and C reactive protein(CRP) in the curative effect and prognosis in children with bronchial pneumonia and bacterial pneumonia.Methods:From February 2014 to February 2015,a total of 102 blood samples were collected from children who had been diagnosed with bronchial pneumonia and bacterial pneumonia in pediatric department of our hospital.Among them,55 were diagnosed with bronchial pneumonia,47 with bacterial pneumonia.At the same time 35 healthy children were chosen as a control group.Serum PCT and CRP levels were analyzed by using chemiluminescence method and latex agglutination.Results:PCT level exceeding 0.5 ng / ml and CRP level exceeding 10mg/L in serum was judged as positive.The positive rates of PCT and CRP in the bronchial pneumonia and bacterial pneumonia group were significantly higher than those in the control group(P<0.01).Meanwhile, serum PCT and CRP levels for the bronchial pneumonia and bacterial pneumonia group were significantly higher than those of the control group(P<0.01).The changed levels of PCT and CRP in the bronchial pneumonia and bacterial pneumonia group after the effective antibiotic treatment were statistically significant(P<0.01).Conclusion:The combined determination of serum PCT and CRP levels are of important value for differential diagnosis of childhood with bronchial pneumonia and bacterial pneumonia.Dynamically monitoring serum PCT and CRP level will contribute to evaluating progress and prognosis of the disease.
【Key words】Bronchopneumonia;Pneumonia, bacterial; Procalcitonin; C reactive protein; Children
支气管肺炎(常由细菌或病毒引起,也可由病毒、细菌“混合感染”)和细菌性肺炎是临床上比较常见的威胁儿童身心健康的下呼吸道感染疾病,若得不到及时治疗或处理不当,则会引发较严重的并发症。然而,由于该疾病在临床上缺乏特异性症状和体征,较容易与其他的疾病混淆,在发病早期容易误诊和误治。降钙素原(procalcitonin,PCT)在细菌感染的患者血清水平明显增高,对于细菌引起的感染有着较高的灵敏度和特异性,现已成为重要炎性反应检测指标[1];C反应蛋白(c-reactive protein,CRP)是主要的急性期蛋白,在细菌感染机体时其在血浆内浓度明显升高[2]。本研究通过对在我院确诊的支气管肺炎及细菌性肺炎患儿的血清PCT和CRP进行检测,以探讨二者联合检测在临床上的应用价值。
1资料与方法
1.1一般资料2014年2月-2015年2月在我院儿科病区住院治疗102例肺炎患儿,男55例,女47例,年龄1~9岁。依据确诊疾病分为:支气管肺炎组55例(男34例,女21例),细菌性肺炎组47例(男21例,女26例),所有患儿均符合诊断标准。另将35名健康的体检儿童(男20例,女15例)作为对照组。
1.2检测方法PCT检测采用化学发光法,所用仪器为深圳新产业Maglumi 4000全自动化学发光仪,PCT检测试剂为仪器配套试剂。血清CRP采用乳胶凝集法测定,检测仪器为全自动生化分析仪OLYMPUS,试剂盒为波音特生物科技有限公司生产。所有操作严格按照说明书执行。
2结果
2.13组患儿PCT及CRP阳性率比较以PCT>0.5 ng/mL及CRP>10 mg/L作为阳性判断标准。患儿支气管肺炎和细菌性肺炎组其血清PCT及CRP的阳性率明显高于健康儿童,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。见表1。
表1 3组患儿PCT及CRP阳性率比较
注:与对照组比较,*P<0.01
2.23组患儿血清PCT及CRP水平比较支气管肺炎和细菌性肺炎患儿组其血清PCT及CRP水平明显高于健康儿童,经有效抗菌治疗后,其PCT及CRP水平明显下降,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。见表2。
组别例数治疗前PCT/(ng/ml) CRP/(mg/L)治疗后PCT/(ng/ml) CRP/(mg/L)支气管肺炎551.72±1.53**43.57±33.46**0.19±0.10△△4.07±1.41△△细菌性肺炎472.57±2.03**63.61±32.11**0.24±0.11△△3.93±1.79△△对照组350.22±0.063.19±1.01——
注:与对照组比较,**P<0.01;与治疗前比较,△△P<0.01。
3讨论
支气管肺炎和细菌性肺炎是儿童常患的疾病。由于儿童自身免疫力低、抵抗力差,且临床症状往往不明显,较易导致临床误诊,致使病情发展迅速,并发症多,因此更需要及时的诊断及治疗。
降钙素原主要是由甲状腺C细胞产生的分子量约为13 000的糖蛋白。在正常情况下,其在正常人血清中含量极低(通常<0.1ng/ml),在血液中的半衰期为25~30 h[3],体内外性质稳定,是一个理想的监测感染的指标[4]。当机体受到细菌感染时,PCT在2~3 h即会轻度升高,6~12 h后到达高峰,在48 h内维持高水平[5]。在经过有效的治疗后,其水平会迅速下降。CRP作为急性时相蛋白,在机体受到急、慢性感染的情况下,4~6 h可迅速升高,且其升高幅度与细菌感染程度呈正比例。
本资料结果显示,支气管肺炎和细菌性肺炎患儿的PCT和CRP水平显著高于正常儿童,提示二者在临床上可作为对细菌感染及与其它感染的可靠指标,以及也是作为抗菌药物治疗的疗效指标。在经过有效治疗后,支气管肺炎和细菌性肺炎患儿的PCT和CRP水平显著下降。因此,血清PCT与CRP及白细胞等相结合将有助于临床医师制定有效的治疗方案,而动态监测PCT、CRP的变化更有助于观察疾病的进展和预后,这也与国内外的相关研究报道一致[6-7]。
总之,PCT和CRP的联合检测能够对儿童支气管肺炎和细菌性肺炎做出及时有效的鉴别诊断,连续监测二者的动态变化更能有助于对疾病的进展与预后做出及时准确的评估。
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(收稿日期:2015-09-25)
[中图分类号]R 563.12;R 563.19
[文献标识码]A
[文章编号]1008-7044(2016)02-0155-02
DOI:10.14126/j.cnki.1008-7044.2016.02.012
[作者简介]张珍(1988-),女,检验师,研究生。
[作者单位] 安徽省蚌埠市第一人民医院 1.检验科;2.核医学科,233000
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