邢秀梅,任秀芳
(1.伊犁师范学院 数学与统计学院,新疆 伊宁 835000;2.南京农业大学 理学院数学系,南京 210095)
拟周期平面振子平衡点的稳定性
邢秀梅1,任秀芳2
(1.伊犁师范学院 数学与统计学院,新疆 伊宁 835000;2.南京农业大学 理学院数学系,南京 210095)
利用主积分方法,将周期系统平衡点的稳定性判据推广到拟周期情形,即证明拟周期二阶微分方程x″+h(t)x′+a(t)x2n+1+e(t,x)=0(n≥1)平衡点x=x′=0的稳定性,其中h(t),a(t),e(t,x)是拟周期系数,其频率向量满足Diophantine条件,且在x=x′=0附近,|e(t,x)|=O(x2n+2).结果表明,具有变号阻尼项拟周期振子的平衡点在一定条件下具有稳定性.
拟周期;Diophantine条件;平衡点稳定性
近年来,对拟周期微分方程的研究受到人们广泛关注.关于周期微分方程平衡点稳定性的研究已有许多结果[1-9].储继峰等[1]考虑具有一个半自由度的阻尼震荡系统:
(1)
(2)
本文将刘期怀等[2]的相关结果推广到拟周期微分方程:即在方程(2)中,要求e(t,x)在x=0附近满足|e(t,x)|=O(x2n+2),h(t),a(t),e(t,x)关于t,x是实解析的,并且关于t是拟周期函数,相应的频率向量(ω1,ω2,…,ωm)满足Diophantine条件:即存在常数γ>0和τ>m-1,使得对一切k=(k1,k2,…,km)≠0,都有
(3)
其中|k|=|k1|+|k2|+…+|km|.
1)方程(2)的平衡点x=x′=0是稳定的;
(4)
相应的Hamiltonian函数为
(5)
(6)
(7)
(8)
考虑辅助系统
(9)
令c=|[c]|[b]n+1.记(C(t),S(t))是方程(9)的满足初始条件(C(0),S(0))=(1,0)的周期解.令T>0为其最小正周期,则这些函数满足下列条件:
(10)
1)首先,引进典则变换:
则Hamiltonian函数(8)变为
(11)
其次,定义一个与时间相关的典则变换:
其中
(12)
它关于t是拟周期的.则变换后的Hamiltonian函数(11)具有如下形式:
其中
(13)
令
(14)
利用式(12)和2β>1,得
(15)
2)不稳定性的证明.考虑关于变量λ,φ的动力系统
(16)
首先,证明存在一个φ*和0<υ<1,使得ψ(φ*)=0,并且当|φ-φ*|≤υ时,下述结论成立:
(17)
事实上,由式(10)有
并且
记m=min{|ψ(φ*+υ)|,|ψ(φ*-υ)|}.对于系统(16),存在常数r0>0,使得当|λ|≤r0时,下述不等式成立:
(19)
其次,定义角形区域Sε={(λ,φ)||λ|≤ε,|φ-φ*|≤υ},则必存在一点(λ0,φ0)∈Sε和某一时刻t*<0,使得λ(t*,λ0,ψ0)≥r0.
事实上,否则方程(16)的负向解属于集合
(20)
1)由于[c]>0,所以典则变换Φ1将Hamiltonian函数(8)变为
(21)
其中:
显然f1(t,θ)关于t的均值为零、关于θ是1周期的.
2)利用典则变换Φ2,使变换后的Hamiltonian函数(21)具有如下形式:
其中
(22)
(23)
(24)
(25)
可得
(26)
对于固定的t,解λ,φ在每一时刻t关于φ0连续,相应的积分曲线形成了t轴的管状领域.由解的存在唯一性知,该管状内出发的解永远位于管状领域内.由于该管状领域大小由ε控制,而且ε可任意小,因此得到系统(23)的不动点λ=0是稳定的.
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(责任编辑:赵立芹)
StabilityoftheEquilibriumofQuasi-periodicPlanarOscillator
XING Xiumei1,REN Xiufang2
(1.SchoolofMathematicsandStatistics,YiliNormalUniversity,Yining835000,XinjiangUygurAutonomousRegion,China;2.DepartmentofMathematics,CollegeofScience,NanjingAgriculturalUniversity,Nanjing210095,China)
We generalized the stability criteria for the equilibrium of the periodic system to those for that of quasi-periodic system,applying the method of main integration.Concretely,we showed the stability for the equilibriumx=x′=0 of the quasi-periodic second order differential equationx″+h(t)x′+a(t)x2n+1+e(t,x)=0,n≥1,whereh(t),a(t),e(t,x)are quasi-periodic coefficients,whose frequency vectors meet the requirements proposed by Diophantine.And moreover,|e(t,x)|=O(x2n+2)nearx=x′=0.The results we obtained also imply that,under some conditions,the equilibrium of the quasi-periodic oscillator with damping changing sign can still be stable.
quasi-periodic;Diophantine condition;stability of the equilibrium
10.13413/j.cnki.jdxblxb.2015.03.07
2014-10-27.< class="emphasis_bold">网络出版时间
时间:2015-02-11.
邢秀梅(1973—),女,汉族,博士,讲师,从事Hamiltonian系统的研究,E-mail:xingxm09@163.com.通信作者:任秀芳(1982—),女,汉族,博士,讲师,从事拟周期动力系统的研究,E-mail:xiufangren@gmail.com.
国家自然科学基金(批准号:21364016)、新疆维吾尔自治区自然科学基金(批准号:20122111328)和新疆维吾尔自治区重点学科项目(批准号:2012ZDXK13).
http://www.cnki.net/kcms/detail/22.1340.O.20150211.1126.001.html.
O175.13
:A
:1671-5489(2015)03-0383-06