彭现省
当学习了人称代词的主格和宾格后,同学们不仅要记住其拼写,更重要的是要掌握它们的用法,那么如何正确地运用人称代词呢?可以从以下几个方面进行。
一、熟记口诀:“句子主语用主格,动、介(词)后接宾格”,即人称代词在句中根据不同的情况要用不同的形式:作主语时用主格,作宾语(动词、介词后)时用宾格。例如:
They are all students. 他们都是学生。(they作主语)
The new pencil-box is for him. 这新文具盒是给他的。(him作介词for的宾语)
二、作表语的人称代词有时也用宾格形式。例如:
—“Who is it?”
—“Its me, Tom.”
三、在非正式英语中(如日常会话中),在只有一个词的句子里,常用宾格形式。例如:
—I want to have lunch now.
—Me, too.( I want to have lunch, too.)
四、表示猜测或指自己时,常用it指代人。例如:
A: Who is at the door?
B: I think its Tom. Is that Tom, please?
C: Yes, its me, Tom. May I come in?
五、用and连接的人称代词作并列主语时,谓语动词要用复数形式。例如:
He, she and I are in the same class.
六、在英语中人称代词的排列顺序一般是:先第二人称、再第三人称、后第一人称。例如:
You, he and I are very good friends.但是在自我批评或承担责任时是:先第一人称,再第二人称,后第三人称。
七、在带有感情色彩的拟人化的句子中,常用he/she代替it.例如:
We love our country. She is great.
八、人称代词在作“动词 + 副词”构成的短语动词的宾语时,其宾格形式必须放在动词和副词之间。例如:
Put them away,please.
Turn it off, please.
练 习:
一、用人称代词的适当形式填空:
1. Thats my bag. Give _____ my bag, please.
2. Give this pen to Tom, please. Give _____ that pen, too.
3. Pass(递给)Mary and Joan some apples. Pass ____ some bananas, too.
4. Li Ping is a good student. _____ is in No.1 Middle School.
5. Dont worry. I can help ____, Jack.
6. Li Ping and Wang Lin are in the same school. ____ are good friends.
7. Thank you very much. _____ are welcome.
8. Whos at the door? ___ is ___, Helen.
9. I am going to play basketball. ___, too.
10. Is this your pencil? Please put ___ away.
二、请认真做一做下列有关人称代词的考题:
( ) 1. The woman over there is his mother. _____ is a doctor.
A. He B. She C. Hers D. His
( ) 2. ____ is my daughter. Do you like to play with _____, Mary?
A. You; you B. She; her C. I; me D. He; him
( ) 3. Mr Green is our English teacher. _____is from Australia.
A. He B. She C. It D. His
( ) 4. Its time for Tom and ___ to work.
A. me to go B. me going C. I to go D. I going
参考答案:
一、1. me 2. him 3. them 4. He/She 5. you 6. They 7. You 8. It, me 9. Me 10. it
二、1. B 2. B 3. A 4. A
(作者单位:安徽省灵璧县第三中学)