如何提升初中学生英语课文的复述能力

张阿莉

摘要：英语课文复述能力的培养是发展学生语言综合运用能力的最好践行。那么，如何提升初中学生英语课文的复述能力？这里有五种方法。

关键词：思维导图;列表格;问题;文本图片

随着课改的不断推进，作为初中英语教师，我们越来越意识到对学生能力培养的重要性。那么，对于英语这门课而言，也就是要不断地培养和提升学生听、说、读、写这四个方面的技能。而在这四个技能当中，我们知道，听的和读的都是别人的东西（这是输入的过程），只有说出的和写出的（这是输出的过程）才是自己的东西。由此可见，对于学生学习英语而言，听、读是基础，只有把自己的所听、所读和所想通过大脑加工之后表达出来，也就是具备了说和写的能力，才真正达到了《课标》所提出的培养学生综合语言运用能力的要求。这也正是语言学科的学习目的所在。而对于学生英语课文复述能力的培养和提升，则是对这一要求和目的最好践行，因为这种方法是在扎实学生语言知识的基础之上，提升他们的表达能力的。

那么，如何才能提升初中学生英语课文的复述能力呢？经过这些年对于冀教版英语教材的研究和在英语课堂教学中的探索与实践，我总结了以下五种方法：

第一、利用关键词提示（key words）复述课文。这种方法就是老师把一篇英语课文当中的重点词汇梳理出来提供给学生进行课文复述。这种方法对于老师来说，操作起来简单方便。而且既能练习和巩固学生所学课文的重点词汇，又能加强学生对课文内容的理解和记忆。下面我就以冀教版八下unit6 lesson31：Don’t Fall， Danny！ 为例来做以说明。

Key words：         stand on one foot

set a world record      8 hours

3 minutes                   7hours 57minutes

break the world record                 champion

too long  ;     be late for

gathering     relative        chicken

put down     on two feet

The retelling of the text：

Today Danny stands on one foot because he wants to set a new world record. The record is eight hours. He has been standing for three minutes and feels tired. So after seven hours fifty-seven minutes， he can break the record. He thinks that’s too long and he will be late for supper. His family will have a gathering and many relatives are coming. His mother is cooking chicken and he loves chicken. So he puts his foot down and go home on two feet.

第二、利用思維导图（mind map）复述课文。这种方法即通过教师引导学生分析课文思路，理出文章整体框架，从而制定出思维导图。因为这种方法既有利于学生把握文章整体脉络，又有利于他们对重点部分的识记，所以很受教师和学生的青睐。我个人也最喜欢使用这种方法，因为它能将教师的教学设计和教学水平提升到一个新的高度。下面我就以冀教版八下unit3 lesson17：Save The Tigers 为例来做以说明。

The mind map：

in the forest

Save The Tigers     orange fur dark strips

symbols of strength courage

a volunteer group to save tigers

       the number of… is quickly decreasing

          hunt kill for money

          …cut down… as well

       are important to the environment

         at the top of …

         keep … in balance…

The retelling of the text：

Tigers live in the forest. They have orange fur and dark strips. They are symbols of strength and courage. There is a

volunteer group named Save The Tigers. They hope to save tigers

because the number of tigers is quickly decreasing. They are in danger of going extinct. Why？ There are two reasons. One is for some people hunt and kill tigers for money. The other is for people have cut down a lot of trees as well， tigers lose their homes. However， tigers are important to the environment. They are at the top of the food chain and keep the number of other wild animals. So we must do something to protect them.

第三、利用列表格复述课文。这种方法需要教师按课文的某一线索来列出表格，对文章内容条理化，对文章的脉络和逻辑顺序化，然后引导学生深入课文完成表格填写。这种方法最大的优点就是能让人对庞杂的文片一目了然，所以也是比较受教师欢迎的。下面我就以冀教版八下unit2 lesson11：Amazing Plants 为例来做以说明。

The table about the text：

The retelling of the text：

Today we learned about four kinds of amazing plants： a flying flower， a shy plant， a laughing tree and a living fossil. A flying flower lives in eastern Asia. They look like flying egrets. A shy plant lives in South America， China and other countries. When something touches its leaves， they close up tightly. After a few minutes， they open up again. A laughing tree lives in the middle of Africa. The fruit of this tree has a hole in it. If the wind blows， it “laughs”. A living fossil lives in the southwest of Africa. It has only two leaves and a stem. The two leaves continue to grow for its whole life. It can live as long as 1500 years.

第四、利用问题复述课文。这种方法要求教师按照课文事件发展的顺序或步驟，提出一系列与文章内容相关的问题，进而引导学生阅读课文并板书问题的答案，然后将这些答案按顺序用一些恰当的关联词串联起来就是对整篇课文的复述。此方法尤其适用于记叙文和说明文并极易操作，因此也是教师管用的一种方法。下面我就以冀教版八下unit3 lesson16：The Bear Escape！ 为例来做以说明。

The questions about the text：

1. What festival was it today in the text？

2. What did Jenny and Brian want to for Danny？

3. How did they do it？

4. How did Danny feel at first？

5. What did Danny feel and do when he heard the bear is coming for his donuts？

6. What did he soon realized？

The retelling of the text：

Today was April Fool’s Day. Jenny and Brian want to play a trick on Danny. Danny was sleeping. They wake him up and told him a bear escaped from the zoo. At first， Danny wasn’t scared and felt happy. When he heard the bear was coming for his donuts， he was scared and told everyone to run. But he soon realized they were playing a joke on him.

以上就是我个人在平时的教学实践中，总结出来的几种英语课文的复述方法。当然教无定法，学无止境！只要我们用心教学、潜心研究，方法一定还有很多很多。总而言之，在英语教学这条路上，只要各位英语教师想方设法，引领学生不断钻研探究，学生的英语课文复述能力一定会得到大幅度提升的！