邱红飞
在定语从句中,我们会经常看到这个句式,名词或代词等+介词+关系代词:此类结构常见有one/two/both/all/some/most/several/few/a few/little/a little/many/more/much/none/half/the最高級/the比较级/百分数/分数等of which/whom 等形式。但是学生很容易把关系代词which或whom错填为them,具体范例如下。
例1:There are 40 students in our class,most of whom(=and most of them)are from the south.
我们班有四十个学生,其中大部分来自南方。
解析:whom为关系代词,既作代词又作关系词,them为代词。主句There are 40 students in our class,从句most ofare from the south.连接主从句,所以没有连词and时,该空既缺少连词也缺少代词,填whom,若有连词,则填them。
例2:I picked up the apples,some of which(some of them) were bad.
我捡了这些苹果,其中一些是坏的。
解析:which为关系代词,既作代词又作关系词,them为代词。主句I picked up the apples,从句some ofwere bad连接主从句,所以没有分号;时,该空既缺少连词也缺少代词,填whom,若有分号,则填them。
Summary:若在此类句型中,有连词或分号,则填them,若没有,在该句型中指人用whom,指物用which。
小试牛刀:①The settlement is home to nearly 1000 people,many of left their village homes for a better life in the city.②Recently i bought an ancient Chinese vase,the price ofwas very reasonable.③He has three sons,two ofare teachers.④There are two buildings,the lager ofstands nearly 100 feet high.
解析:题1、whom、句意,这个定居点是接近1000个人的家,他们中的大多数离开他们的家为了在城市更好的生活。“先行词”nearly 1000 people,指人,在介词之后,连接前后两句话,所以用关系代词whom。
题2:which、句意,近来,我买了一个古代的花瓶,它的价格是非常合理的。“先行词”an ancient Chinese vase,指物、在介词之后,连接前后两个句子用which。
题3:whom、句意,他有3个儿子,其中两个都是儿子。“先行词”three sons,指人、在介词之后,连接前后两个句子用whom。
题4:which、句意,这儿由两栋建筑,大的那个接近100英尺那么高。“先行词”two buildings,指物、在介词之后,连接前后两个句子用which。