基于话题的高三一轮词汇复习探索

2020-07-14 16:52余娟
好日子(中旬) 2020年3期
关键词:语篇思维导图

余娟

【摘 要】本文探讨同一话题下不同类型的语篇进行高三一轮英语词汇复习, 结合实践案例阐述如何进行话题词汇复习,阐明了基于语篇和词汇学习策略对于提高学生综合语言运用能力的重要性。

【关键词】话题词汇复习,词汇学习策略, 思维导图,语篇

词汇是英语学习的基石,高三英语的有效复习是建立在扎实的词汇基础上,没有词汇就没有阅读,所以对学生而言,有了足够的词汇才有面对高考的信心。高三一轮复习必须帮助学生建立好高考词汇库,但是实际教学中不少词汇教学和学习流于形式,只是基于模块或话题的词汇的简单抄写背诵,效率不高,不能帮助学生提高效率和培养学习策略和提升思维品质。

新课标(2017)指出,词汇学习不是单纯的词语记忆,也不是独立的词语操练,而是结合主题,在特定语境下开展的综合性语言实践活动。高中阶段的词汇教学除了引导学生更深入的理解和更广泛的运用已学词汇外,重点是在语境中培养学生的词块意识,并通过广泛阅读,进一步扩大词汇量。在学生词汇学习的过程中,教师要根据主题,引导学生使用思维导图梳理词汇。通过思维导图进行英语词汇学习 , 具有思路清晰、 外观明了等优点, 思维导图的绘制过程既有利于思维扩散, 又有利于单词记忆。

余敏德(2002)认为,由篇章构成的语境包含的内容把篇章的词语联系起来,使学生更容易从他们的心理词汇中提取词汇,有利于词汇记忆

所以,在高三一轮的词汇复习过程中,笔者尝试通过词汇学习策略和思维导图的运用的指导,呈现高考真题语篇,以及从网络摘取的实时文章帮助学生有效复习词汇。

一、词汇复习策略探索

本节课是饮食话题词汇的复习课,该话题的在高考中出现次数较多,需要引起重视。

第一部分结合广东高考听说考试三问五答部分,笔者在课前warming up 部分设计了三个问题让学生翻译成中文,从而引出话题:1. 什么是健康的饮食? 2. 你是一个健康的饮食者?3. 怎么样做才能保持均衡饮食?What is healthy eating?Are you a healthy eater? How can we keep a balanced diet? 学生通过课程中不断呈现的语篇,形成自己的答案,新课标提出学生通过语篇学习,要形成健康的生活方式和积极的生活态度,所以这一节课以这三个问题为线索贯穿全文,不仅让学生学习语言知识还树立健康的生活态度。

第二部分,教师在前置作业提供思维导图给学生继续补充完成,目的在于让学生通过回忆话题相关的词汇,初步构建关于饮食词汇思维导图。

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笔者设计2个练习,指导学生构建词汇学习的策略——构词法和猜词。

练习1完成填空

combination 词性_______, 词根______,词性_______

词缀______,更多例子_____________,_________________

beneficial词性_______, 词根______,词性_______

词缀______,更多例子_______________,__________________

3. healthy词性_______, 词根______,词性_______

词缀______,更多例子_______________,_

练习2说出4个句子中划线单词的词性和中文意思

① The keyboard could offer a strong layer of security (安全)by analyzing things like the force of a users typing and the time between key presses... 2019(全國卷I)

②I strongly recommend you learning about the brief history of Tang dynasty...

(17年全国卷I书面表达)

③The true strength of leadership is an inner strength that comes from the confidence of emotional intelligence

④...do exercises to strengthen your leg muscles(肌肉) 2018(全国卷1)

让学生阅读下面的句子,这些句子摘选自全国卷,目的是让学生在真题中运用词汇学习进行策略解题。

Choosing meat and certain vegetables over others. Different foods provide different kinds of nutrition.If you don't have a balanced diet,this can result in malnutrition and a weaker body.(学科网)

Watching TV while having meals. Doing this means you dont pay attention to your food, forget how full you are, and so overeat. I can also cause digestion disease.

猜词

3)But in fact, many people have bad eating habit. I know lots of women who skip breakfast (不吃早餐) , and they have a ton of different excuses for doing it . Some say they dont have time. others think theyre “saving“ calories “(卡路里), still others just dont like breakfast food .(全国大纲二卷)

4)Diet Coke, diet Pepsi, diet pills, no-fat diet, vegetable diet… We are surrounded by the word “diet” everywhere we look and listen. We have so easily been attracted by the promise and potential of diet products that we have stopped thinking about what diet products are doing to us. We are paying for products that harm us psychologically and physically(身体上). 北京

第五部分 利用网络实时文章,通过泛读画出话题相关词汇,进一步帮助学生扩充词汇,读完以后给学生几分钟再课堂上进一步完成话题词汇思维导图,丰富相关词汇

阅读下面的文章找出答案,A quiz to test your knowledge of healthy eating.

OK, let's find out how well you know your nutrition. Here are the answers:

1. False /Eating four to five meals and snacks helps healthy eaters control their appetites, according to numerous studies. The total calories must stay within the range for the eating plan, however.

2. False /Again, it's the total number of calories that matter, not when those calories are consumed.

3. True /Studies have shown that eating breakfast decreases the likelihood that you will overeat later in the day. Breakfast also increases overall energy and helps your brain concentrate, solve problems, and remember facts better.

4. True /Lean meat, yogurt, cheese, nuts and beans are all great proteins that will help keep healthy eaters feeling full longer.

5. False /Skipping meals actually may have the opposite effect. Studies have found that people who skip meals during the day tend to be heavier than people who eat the right foods four or five times a day. When you skip a meal, you may be slowing down your body's metabolism--thus, making your body require fewer calories and converting extra calories to fat.

下面两个单词的意思:

metabolism ____________________________

Skipping meals ____________________________

这一节课在饮食话题下,精选了高考真题的篇章和网络文章, 围绕食物和饮料完成了思维导图的词汇,并且让学生意识到运用构词法和猜词帮助理解文章,一节课时间有限不能做到面面俱到,还有很多不足之处,笔者将在今后的教学实践中不断学习和提升自我。

參考文献:

[1]新课程标准 2017 人民教育出版社

[2]刘亚娟 关于思维导图促进英语词汇学习的探析 第 28 卷第 1期 长春师范学院学报(自然科学版)

[3]余德敏.2002.探索英语词汇教学[J].中小学英语教学与研究,(15):17—23.

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