张莹 王秀琼
[摘要]目的 探討无创呼吸机联合布地奈德雾化治疗在慢性阻塞性肺疾病并呼吸衰竭患者中的应用效果。方法 选取2013年1月~2015年5月海珠区中医医院收治的40例慢性阻塞性肺疾病并呼吸衰竭的患者作为研究对象,按照信封随机分组方法将其分为常规组(19例)与实验组(21例)。常规组患者采用常规的方法治疗,实验组患者则在常规组的基础上采用无创呼吸机治疗。比较两组患者的治疗总有效率、血气分析指标[二氧化碳分压(PaCO2)、动脉氧分压(PaO2)]、呼吸频率(RR)、心率(HR)。结果 实验组患者的治疗总有效率(95.24%)高于常规组(57.89%),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。治疗前,两组患者的PaCO2、PaO2、RR、HR比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);治疗后,两组患者的PaCO2均低于本组治疗前,PaO2均高于本组治疗前,RR、HR均慢于本组治疗前,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);实验组患者治疗后的PaCO2低于常规组,PaO2高于常规组,RR、HR慢于常规组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 对慢性阻塞性肺疾病并呼吸衰竭患者在常规治疗的基础上采取无创呼吸机联合布地奈德雾化治疗,能够提升治疗有效率,改善血气状况,减缓RR、HR,值得临床应用推广。
[关键词]无创呼吸机;布地奈德;慢性阻塞性肺疾病;呼吸衰竭;疗效
[中图分类号] R563.9 [文献标识码] A [文章编号] 1674-4721(2019)11(c)-0094-04
Clinical effect of non-invasive ventilator combined with Budesonide atomization in the treatment of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease with respiratory failure
ZHANG Ying1 WANG Xiu-qiong2
1. Department of Internal Pediatrics, Haizhu District Women and Child Care Hospital in Guangzhou City, Guangdong Province, Guangzhou 510250, China; 2. Department of Internal Medicine, Haizhu District Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicinel in Guangzhou City, Guangdong Province, Guangzhou 510220, China
[Abstract] Objective To explore the application effect of non-invasive ventilator combined with Budesonide atomization therapy in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and respiratory failure. Methods Forty patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease complicated with respiratory failure admitted to Haizhu District Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine from January 2013 to May 2015 were selected as the research objects and randomly divided into conventional group (19 cases) and experimental group (21 cases) according to envelope grouping method. Patients in the conventional group were treated with conventional methods, while patients in the experimental group were treated with non-invasive ventilator on the basis of the conventional group. The total effective rate of treatment, blood gas analysis indexes (carbon dioxide partial pressure [PaCO2], arterial oxygen partial pressure [PaO2]), respiratory rate (RR), heart rate (HR) were compared between the two groups. Results The total effective rate of the patients in the experimental group (95.24%) was higher than that in the conventional group (57.89%), and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). Before treatment, there were no significant difference in PaCO2, PaO2, RR and HR between the two groups (P>0.05). After treatment, PaCO2 of the two groups of patients was lower than that before treatment, PaO2 was higher than that before treatment, RR and HR were slower than those before treatment, the differences were statistically significant (P<0.05). After treatment, PaCO2 in the experimental group was lower than that in the conventional group, PaO2 was higher than that in the conventional group, RR and HR were slower than those in the conventional group, and the differences were statistically significant (P<0.05). Conclusion For patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and respiratory failure, non-invasive ventilator combined with Budesonide atomization therapy based on conventional therapy can improve the treatment efficiency, improve blood gas status, slow RR and HR, and is worthy of clinical application and promotion.
布地奈德雾化是慢性阻塞性肺疾病并呼吸衰竭的主要治疗措施,能够通过直接将药物作用于呼吸道黏膜表面发挥治疗效果,迅速改善气道高反应性,缓解支气管痉挛,降低RR、HR,优化血气状况[11-12]。其在临床中的作用效果不容忽视,但是单用效果并不理想。尤其是慢性阻塞性肺疾病并呼吸衰竭的患者气流受限严重,更难以达到理想的治疗效果[13-14]。在布地奈德雾化基础上联合应用无创机械通气更能优化临床治疗效果。因呼吸衰竭患者会出现缺氧和(或)二氧化碳潴留等情况,使用无创正压通气后能通过吸气压力来克服气道阻力,打开萎陷的肺泡,增加肺泡通气量,改善患者肺的通气/血流,减少呼吸肌的工作,缓解呼吸肌的疲劳,还能通过持续外加的正压呼气压力对抗内源性呼吸末正压,避免了呼气末肺泡的萎陷,减少呼吸肌的作工,从而达到缓解呼吸肌的疲劳、改善低氧血症及高碳酸血症的目的[15-16]。将布地奈德雾化与无创机械通气联合应用可起到效果叠加作用,对于改善患者的病情更为有效。本研究结果提示,实验组患者的治疗总有效率95.24%(20/21)高于常规组的57.89%(11/19),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);实验组患者治疗后的PaCO2低于常规组,PaO2高于常规组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);实验组治疗后的RR、HR均慢于常规组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。提示在呼吸衰竭中早期给以无创机械通气治疗可以防止呼吸功能不全加重,促进二氧化碳的排出,加强氧合,减慢HR,减少呼吸肌的作工,缓解呼吸肌疲劳,降低后期气管插管率,改善预后,减轻患者医疗负担。
综上所述,无创呼吸机联合布地奈德雾化治疗慢性阻塞性肺疾病并呼吸衰竭患者中,能够有效降低PaCO2、RR、HR,升高PaO2,达到良好的治疗效果,且操作简单,患者及家属容易接受及配合,具有推廣应用价值。
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(收稿日期:2018-11-12 本文编辑:李二云)