◎刘利娥
高中英语课程着重提高学生用英语获取信息、处理信息的能力,但是在高中英语阅读课堂中,有些教师没有好好研读文本,仅凭自身教学经验对文本进行“大刀阔斧”的“肢解性”教学,粗糙地处理与加工文本信息。这样的英语阅读教学会导致很多问题-教学偏离文本主线;学生提取信息不准确;提取的信息不知道如何运用,等等。因此,引导学生有效阅读,培养学生在阅读中有效提取和整合信息的能力成了英语阅读课堂教学的一项重要任务。
英语阅读中的信息处理可以分为三个层次,即字面理解(Literal comprehension)、推论理解(Evaluable comprehension)、评鉴理解(Critical comprehension),信息加工以“立足文章,提取表层信息”和“策略引导,推进深层加工”的思路开展。
【教学过程】
Step 1创设情境,感受主题
Let’s sense the world of the blind?What do you feel?How could the blind man help others?
通过亲身感受盲人的世界,提高学生阅读文本的兴趣,引入文章的主题。
Step 2提取字面信息,整合文本内容(字面理解)
1.Basic elements of this story
▲a plot _______________________
▲main character a woman and a man
▲a certain(特定的)time period one afternoon
▲ a place a foggy(有雾的)city
▲a problem to be solved How she should get home?
▲a climax or a surprise ending_______________________________
我对文本多处进行信息点提取、整合,整理除了故事发生的各个要素。
Step 3猜测词义和句义,挖掘文本之内涵(推论理解)
Para1(outside Polly’s working place)(Group2)
1.mist means____________________A.a thin fog B.a thick fog(underline reason in the story)
2.From “she left early and she wondered”we can infer she was__________about if the bus would still be running.A.worried B.unworried
Para2(at the bus stop in the street)(Group3)
1.From“she walked quickly”,we can know the woman is A.anxious B.unhurried(不着急的)
2.The reason why there is no bus to run that far is that_____________________________________
Para3.(in the underground train and at the Green Park Station)(Group4)
From“She felt she was being watched and when getting out of the train,she glanced at the faces around her”we know the woman was____________A.nervous B.relaxed...
Step 4探究事件与观点,评价人物的性格(评鉴理解)
Use some adjectives(形容词)to describe the blind man
总之,在平时的英语教学中教师要注重对信息的加工,对文本进行深层次分析努力提高学生的英语阅读水平。