【关键词】初中英语;表达意愿;教学设计
【中图分类号】G633.4 【文献标志码】A 【文章编号】1005-6009(2016)33-0091-02
【作者简介】邵燕,江苏省南通市启秀中学(江苏南通,226001)教师,一级教师,南通市教坛新秀。
本节课是译林版《牛津初中英语》8B Unit 5 Good manners的 Comic strips & Welcome to the unit教学。教材是按照“话题—功能—结构—任务”相结合的思路编排的,每个单元围绕一个话题,让学生通过体验、实践、参与、 合作、交流和探究等方式,学习和使用英语,完成学习任务。从整个单元的教学目标来看,Comic strips & Welcome to the unit作为单元起始的教学内容,其作用主要通过情景的描述,引发学生的兴趣,让学生对于整个单元话题的目标有大致的了解。尽管这一板块语言点、知识点不多,但它却是整个单元的引子、主线,整个单元的教学内容都在这条线的引导下进行补充、删减、替换、扩展、调整或改编。因此充分挖掘Comic strips & Welcome to the unit部分的细节是至关重要的。我们可以设置多种形式的教学活动,如对话、讨论、描述、看图说话,为学生提供一个自由讨论、大胆思考、想象创新、培养听说能力的平台,为学生的后续学习做好铺垫。本课通过采取灵活多样、生动形象的活动方式促使学生参与学习,合作学习,探究学习,尽可能让学生在活动中感悟生活体验,将语言与生活实际紧密相连,培养学生的语言交际能力。
一、树立“学生主体”的教学理念
教育的目的在于促进学生的发展,教学的目的在于促进学生学习;学习是学习者心理倾向和能力的相对持久的变化,是学习者自身的变化。所以在教学设计上应真正做到设计的一切课堂活动都是为了促进学习者的学习。教师是学习的组织者与合作者,教师备课最重要的是根据学生的实际,设计好问题以及问题链。课堂中要让学生有探究问题的时间和空间,培养他们良好的思维习惯。笔者基于这一点,在讲授完Comics部分后给予学生充足的时间以小组讨论的形式去发掘他们周围的一些good manners,最后每组请一名代表进行总结陈述。这既在他们脑海中强化了good manners的概念,又把语言学习的听说读写结合起来了,一举多得。
二、精心组织安排教学活动,注重德育渗透
教育的目的不是把学生培养成只有科学知识的文化人,而应该是有责任感、有爱心、有能力的新一代高素质人才。教师的任务不仅仅是传授知识,更重要的是善于挖掘教材中的德育素材,并合理运用,善于把握稍纵即逝的教育契机,在课堂内外开展各种形式的活动,适时、恰当地渗透道德教育,使学生学会如何求知,如何做人,形成正确的人生观,养成健康向上的品格。本课的话题本身就是礼仪教育,所以是非常好的德育教材。教学中笔者认为,除了让学生会使用英语谈论如何在公共场所举止得体,还要通过多种任务学习让其知晓要遵守文明礼仪,怎么去遵守,明辨是非,从而培养学生良好的行为习惯并激发学生把好的文明礼仪传承下去。让学生在自然渗透中受到情感的熏陶,从而内化为自己的道德意识。
【教学过程】
【Step 1】 Leading-in
T:Boys and girls, nice to see you here. Today I am your new English teacher. Do you want to know what we are going to learn today?
S:Yes.
T:Now lets enjoy the video. It will tell you something about it.
T:Good, we are going to learn Good manners.Then do you know the meaning of good manners?
S:Sorry, I dont know.
T:Very good. Although you didnt answer my question, you said ‘sorry, I dont know. Its good manners. From the video, helping others is good manners. Do you want to learn something more about manners?
S:Yes.
(设计意图:运用多媒体播放了一段视频,看完后,学生通过视频知晓帮助他人及文明用语都是好的礼仪,从而引出课题Good manners.然后追问good manners的含义,学生回答这个问题有一定难度,但他礼貌地说了sorry,教师借此真实的情景讲解Its good manners。)
【Step 2】 Presentation
Activity 1:Learn some good manners from Eddie and Hobbo.
T:Ok, our old friends Eddie and Hobo are learning about manners.
Task 1:Listen and judge
T:First, listen and judge. Does Eddie have good manners? First, listen carefully.
(设计意图:自然过渡到Comics部分,首先通过听对话内容进行理解。)
Task 2:Watch and answer
T:Next, watch the video and try to answer the three questions on the screen. Shall we read the questions together?
(设计意图:通过播放视频对对话内容进行更好地理解,进行问题回答,然后跟录音读模仿语音语调,为接下来的两人对话做准备。)
Task 3:Practise reading the dialogue and read in pairs
Task 4:Fill in the blanks
T:Excellent, I like your pronunciation. Lets fill in the blanks. Please read it sentence by sentence.
S:...
T:Ok,lets read the short passage together.
S:...
(设计意图:在对对话进行了充分的理解、练习之后,让学生根据对话内容把短文内容填写完整,既进一步加深了对对话的理解和掌握,也是对单词的灵活使用进行检测。)
Activity 2:Talk something more about the good and bad manners in public.
Task 1:Think and report
What other good manners can you share with us?
T:From Eddie and Hobo, what good manners have we learnt?
S:We shouldnt cut in on others and we should wait politely.
T:What a good memory you have. In fact, therere many other good manners in our daily life. Now discuss in groups of four. Try to write down as many as possible. The group leader need to take some notes.If you need help, please let me know. Here we go.
(设计意图:接着Comics部分的对话内容,让学生进行头脑风暴,想一些日常生活中的good manners,通过自由讨论,让学生发散思维,相互补充,使得信息量最大化,然后补充了一些额外的good manners 和bad manners,进一步扩大其知识储备。)
Task 2:Practise talking about the pictures in pairs
T:So far, we have already known some good manners and bad manners.The students in Class 1,Grade 8 are also talking about the manners in public.Open your books at P65. First, match the pictures with the phrases in the box. Do it by yourselves quickly.
T:Lets check the answers together.
(设计意图:回到书上的六幅图,要学生自己先完成图片和短语的配对,接着处理讲解部分生词,同时让学生用Can she/they...? What should...?进行两人对话。)
Activity 3:Learn more about good manners in the library.
(设计意图:为了自然承接,把keep quiet in the library 调到最后去讲,接着问What other good manners should we have in the library?就顺理成章地过渡到Part B 部分。)
Task 1:Listen and answer
T:In the library, we should keep quiet. We shouldnt make any noise. Do you want to know something more about manners in the library?
S:...
T:Amy and Shirly are talking about what they should do and what they shouldnt do in the library. Close your books. Listen and answer what other good manners we should have in the library.
(设计意图:这个环节是对听力的检测,让学生听,捕捉关键信息,在听之前告诉学生一些听力技巧。这也是对听力方法的指导。体现了教方法比教内容更重要。)
Task 2:Read and check
让学生打开书本分角色朗读,完成fill in the blanks。
Task 3:Make up a dialogue
(设计意图:提供了四个不同的公共场合让其自由选择一幅图片,然后对其进行编对话练习,巩固所学的语言知识和表达。)
【Step 3】 Consolidation
Task 1:Why do we need good manners?
If we have good manners, we can...
(设计意图:在学习了大量的good manners之后,让学生思考为什么要有好的礼仪,并告知好的礼仪的重要性从而知晓要去做一个有好的礼仪的人。)
Task 2:Write slogans
Write as many slogans on good manners as you can.
Always show good manners and pass them on.
(设计意图:设计了四人小组设计标语的活动,以写的形式巩固今天所学的描述好的及不好的文明礼仪行为,加深印象,从而告知好的礼仪的重要性,要做一个有好礼仪的人,并要将其传承发扬下去。)