高中主谓一致口诀记忆

黄 静

（安徽五河一中 安徽蚌埠 233000）

高中主谓一致口诀记忆

黄 静

（安徽五河一中 安徽蚌埠 233000）

主谓一致作为高考的热点之一，如何可以做到短时间就能够轻松把握？本文通过口诀并对其讲解，希望在主谓一致的学习中可以帮助同学们做到事半功倍。先找主，再看意；单意复意得注意；主从非动接单三，表语名词还得观；如果平行，远亲不如近邻。

高中语法 主谓一致 口诀

一、先找主，再看意

按照语法一致原则：介词短语，同位语，定语，定语从句不可能做主语。所以当主语后面跟有With together with in addition to rather than等连接的词组时，找准句子主语。

The teacher together with ten students is doing an experiment n the lab.（介词短语）

The danger of forest fires is not to be taken lightly（定语）

Walmart，which is one of the largest American supermarket chains，keeps some of its store open 24 hours on Mondays through Saturdays.（定语从句）

Now both of her parents are gone.（同位语）

二、单意复意得注意

1.由and或both...and...连接两个单数名词作主语时，指的是复数概念，谓语动词用数形式（不可数名词同样）

Fire and water do not agree

（1）The teacher and writer is her friend

My friend and lawyer has caught a cold

bread and butter黄油面包bread and cheese涂奶酪的面包a knife and fork一副刀叉

（2）every，each，no，many a，more than one

Each teacher and（each）student was given a book.

Many a teacher and many a student enjoys the book very much.

No employer and no employee knows how to deal with it.

2.集合名词与谓语动词的一致

集合名词作主语，如果表示整体概念，谓语动词用单数形式；如表示成员则用复数

Army Audience Class Club Committee Company Crowd Family Group 等

My family is large.

My family are waiting for you.

3.复数名词形式

The people hope to live a happy life.

The police have caught the criminal.

4.些表示某类别的总称的集合名词furniture equipment jewelry clothing（

The equipment of our factory is all imported from Britain

5.单复数同形的名词与谓语动词的一致。Means Series sheep works species crossroads

All possible means have been tried

Every means has been tried

6.一些学科名词是以 –ics 结尾，如：mathematics，politics，physics以及news，works等，都属于形式上是复数的名词，实际意义为单数名词，它们作主语时，其谓语动词要用单数形式。如：The paper works was built in 1990.

I think physics isn‘t easy to study.

三、主从非动接单三，表语名词还得观

引导的从句作主语时，谓语动词通常用单数。但如果其后是系表结构，表语为复数名词，谓语动词用复数形式

What she said is correct

What he needs is money.。

What he gave me are five English books.

Playing with fire is dangerous

四、远亲不如近邻（就近原则）

当there be，not only…but also…，not（just）…but…，or，either…or…，neither…nor…连接主语的句子中及在there be句型中，谓语动词的单复数按就近原则处理。

There is a pen，a knife and several books on the desk.

Not only John but also I am going to Shanghai next week.

Either he or I am to attend the meeting this evening.

Is either he or I to attend the meeting this evening?

在主谓一致的学习中，在看似众多条条框框的规则中，同学们应该在理解语法本质的基础上加以记忆，理解性的记忆才会更加牢固，从而对语言的运用才会得心应手。