姜经志
【分门别类关】
1. 真实条件句。
指含有条件状语从句的复合句。条件状语从句常用连词if(如果),unless(除非)等引导,从句的位置可在主句之前,也可在主句之后;从句在主句之前时,常用逗号与主句隔开。例如:
If its fine tomorrow, well go for an outing. (如果明天天气好,我们将去郊游。)
2. 含蓄条件句。
指含有条件状语的简单句。条件状语常由表示条件的介词短语、分词短语、动词不定式短语等来充当。这些短语可以放在句首,也可以放在句尾。例如:
Man cant live without water or air. (没有水和空气,人类就不能生存。)
Listening to the teacher, well pass the exam. (听老师的话,我们就能通过考试。)
【动词时态关】
一般情况下,在复合句中,如果主句的谓语动词表示将来的意义,与其连用的条件状语从句的谓语动词应用一般现在时表将来。常见的有如下几种情况:
1. 主句是一般将来时。例如:
Theyll go hiking if it doesnt snow tomorrow. (如果明天不下雪,他们将徒步旅行。)
2. 主句的谓语含want, hope, wish等动词。例如:
I hope to visit her if Im free. (如果我有空,我希望去看望她。)
3. 主句的谓语含can, may, must等情态动词。例如:
You may go swimming if you finish your homework. (如果你做完了作业,你可以去游泳。)
4. 主句是祈使句。例如:
Please put up your hands if you have any question. (如果你们有问题的话,请举手。)
【句式转换关】
1. 不定式短语与条件状语从句的转换。
例如:
It will be a great mistake to wait a week.
→It will be a great mistake if we wait a week. (再等一星期是极大的错误。)
2.“祈使句+连词(and, or)+陈述句”结构,其中的祈使句相当于一个if引导的条件状语从句,但祈使句的这种用法比if从句表示的动作更为紧迫。
例如:
Work hard and you will pass the exam.
→If you work hard, you will pass the exam. (如果你努力学习,你就会通过考试。)
Take a taxi, or youll miss your train.
→If you dont take a taxi, youll miss your train. (你如果不叫出租车,就会误了火车。)
【小试牛刀】
Ⅰ. 单项选择
( )1. We wont do morning exercises if it tomorrow.
A. rain B. rains
C. rained D. will rain
( )2. Tomorrow well go to the city park it is sunny.
A. as B. when
C. if D. as soon as
( )3. Please call me if he at home.
A. is B. will be
C. was D. be
( )4. If I late tomorrow, you can go first without me.
A. be B. am
C. will be D. is going to be
( )5. Your mother angry if you dont do homework.
A. is B. was
C. will be D. would be
Ⅱ. 同义句转换
1. After you finish your homework, you may go swimming.
you your homework, you may go swimming.
2. Take a taxi, and youll catch the train.
you a taxi, youll catch the train.
3. Do you mind my closing the window?
Do you mind close the window?
4. Study hard, or you wont pass the test.
If you study hard, you the test.
5. We cant live if there is no air or water.
We cant live air water.endprint