冯晓等
[摘要] 目的 探讨Ang-1及其受体Tie2在高血压患者循环内皮祖细胞中的表达水平并评价其临床意义。 方法 选择杭州师范大学附属医院2012年1月~2013年6月高血压Ⅰ、Ⅱ级和Ⅲ级患者各15例;正常体检人群30名为对照组。RT-PCR法检测各组外周血中内皮祖细胞内Ang-1、Tie2 mRNA表达水平;Western-blot法测定Tie2酪氨酸磷酸化水平。结论 患者循环内皮祖细胞内Ang-1和Tie2表达随高血压分级的增加逐渐下调,治疗后水平升高,可能与高血压病血管内皮细胞修复的调控机制密切相关。
[关键词] 高血压;内皮祖细胞;Ang-1;Tie2
[中图分类号] R544.1 [文献标识码] A [文章编号] 1673-7210(2014)04(b)-0004-04
[Abstract] Objective To discuss the expression of Ang-1 and Tie2 of peripheral endothelial progenitor cells in patients with hypertension, as well as its clinical significance. Methods 15 patients with gradeⅠ, Ⅱ and grade Ⅲ hypertension respectively were studied in the Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University from January 2012 to June 2013. 30 healthy subjects were recruited as normal controls. Expression of Ang-1 and Tie2 mRNA of the peripheral blood endothelial progenitor cells were measured by RT-PCR, Tie2 tyrosine phosphorylation level was measured by Western-blot. Results mRNA levels of Ang-1 and Tie2 of endothelial progenitor cells in patients with grade Ⅲ hypertension were lower than those of the patients with grade Ⅱ, Ⅰ hypertension and control group (P < 0.05), the levels of those in patients with grade Ⅱ hypertension were lower than those of grade Ⅰ hypertension and the control group (P < 0.05). Tie2 tyrosine phosphorylation level of endothelial progenitor cells in patients with grade Ⅲ hypertension was lower than that of patients with grade Ⅱ, gradeⅠ hypertension and control group (P < 0.05), and that of grade Ⅱ hypertension patients was lower than patients with grade Ⅰ hypertension and the control group (P < 0.05). After routine treatment, the expression of Ang-1 and Tie2 mRNA or Tie2 phosphorylation level were higher than those of before treatment (P < 0.05). Conclusion Ang-1 and Tie2 expression of circulating endothelial progenitor cells in patients with hypertension reduced with the increasing of hypertension grade, but after treatment these levels elevated, may have participated in the regulation of vascular endothelial cells in patients with hypertension.
[Key words] High blood pressure; Endothelial progenitor cells; Ang-1; Tie2
高血压的严重程度与血管内皮细胞的损害程度呈正相关,作为前体细胞,内皮祖细胞具有较强的增殖、分化潜能,参与损伤内皮细胞的修复、维持血管稳定,因此对于防止动脉粥样硬化及再狭窄具有重要意义[1-2]。血管生成素-1(Ang-1)及其酪氨酸激酶受体Tie2是血管生成的重要调节因子,广泛表达于内皮祖细胞上,对于调控内皮祖细胞的功能具有重要意义[3-4]。本研究通过不同分级的原发性高血压患者内皮祖细胞Ang-1/Tie2的表达变化,探讨Ang-1/Tie2信号通路在修复与逆转疾病发展中的重要价值。
1 资料与方法
1.2.2 治疗方法
针对Ⅱ级和Ⅲ级高血压患者采取常规降压方案,主要包括β受体阻断剂、钙离子拮抗剂、阿司匹林以及他汀类药物,连续使用4周,所有患者治疗后血压均达到130/80 mm Hg以下。
1.2.3 Ang-1和Tie2水平测定
所有研究对象入选前1周内未服用任何降压药和抗氧化剂,清晨分别抽取空腹外周血20 mL置入无菌肝素抗凝管内,加入Ficoll液4℃离心分离单个核细胞层并采用差速贴壁法纯化内皮祖细胞。
1.2.3.2 采用Western-blot法测定Tie2酪氨酸磷酸化水平 分别提取各组内皮祖细胞总蛋白后取20 μg,行聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳,4℃转膜12 h,蛋白封闭,加入抗Tie2酪氨酸磷酸化一抗、二抗,显影、压片。胶片经图像分析系统测得Tie2磷酸化/β-actin光密度比值反映体内活化Tie2受体表达水平。
1.3 统计学方法
2.1 各组内皮祖细胞Ang-1、Tie2 mRNA表达和Tie2酪氨酸磷酸化水平比较
3 讨论
原发性高血压形成的高血流应切力可直接损伤血管内皮细胞。血压越高,损伤越大,越难以修复,进而发展为动脉粥样硬化、冠心病等严重合并症[5-7]。内皮祖细胞是具有增殖分化为血管内皮细胞的一类前体细胞,与新生血管生成、内皮细胞修复有关[8]。然而越来越多的研究发现[9-11],高血压患者循环内皮祖细胞数量减低、功能障碍,内皮细胞得不到修复与更新,病情无法逆转。如何解释这一现象对于疾病的控制至关重要。
Tie2是一类酶联受体,广泛表达于内皮细胞及内皮祖细胞上,Ang-1、Ang-2是其主要配体,Ang-1能保持血管内皮的稳定性,促使血管成熟;Ang-2是Ang-1内源性拮抗剂,破坏血管的稳态。Ang-1与Tie2受体结合后酪氨酸残基被磷酸化进而发挥细胞的生物学功能[12-14]。内皮祖细胞修复内皮细胞的过程,很可能依赖Ang-1/Tie2信号通路精密调控,通路表达失衡可直接影响内皮祖细胞的动员和迁移,加速血管内皮的损伤及炎症过程[15-16]。内皮祖细胞上Ang-1/Tie2通路表达与高血压之间的关系目前国内鲜有研究。
本次实验结果显示,随着患者高血压分级的增高,内皮祖细胞Ang-1和Tie2 mRNA水平逐级降低,且具有生物活性的磷酸化Tie2水平也平行下调,表明信号通路的活性降低,血管内皮细胞的修复能力减弱,从而解释了内皮祖细胞数量下降及功能丧失的原因。同时也观察到,经过降压治疗后,Ang-1和Tie2的表达明显改善,说明高血压的因素去除之后,内皮细胞的修复活动增强,再次证实了内皮祖细胞依赖Ang-1/Tie2系统调控的推断。
此外,本研究也发现,高血压Ⅰ级患者的Ang-1和Tie2水平较之对照组并无明显差异,推测此阶段的内皮祖细胞仍具有较强的代偿能力,机体处于平衡状态,血压控制之后,发生心血管意外的概率明显低于其他两组。因此,内皮祖细胞Ang-1和Tie2表达也可作为预测血管功能和心血管危险度的指标之一[17-20]。
综上所述,内皮祖细胞Ang-1/Tie2的表达可能与高血压病血管损伤有密切关系,可通过Ang-1/Tie2表达的水平对患者的血管损伤程度和治疗效果进行判断,进而在临床上发挥重要作用。
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[16] 冉文卓,王宏健,廖晓红,等.葛根素对AngⅡ诱导HUVECs细胞组织因子表达的影响及其机制研究[J].中国现代医学杂志,2012,22(12):13-18.
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[19] Gu A,Shively JE. Angiopoietins-1 and -2 play opposing roles in endothelial sprouting of embryoid bodies in 3D culture and their receptor Tie-2 associates with the cell-cell adhesion molecule PECAM1 [J]. Exp Cell Res,2011, 317(15):2171-2182.
[20] 黄河,李建芳,古秀雯,等.年龄或性别对循环内皮祖细胞数量的影响[J].中国医药导报,2010,7(36):13-15.
(收稿日期:2013-11-09 本文编辑:程 铭)
[10] 黄楷森,何顶秀,邓小健,等.小剂量17β-雌二醇在大鼠颈动脉损伤修复过程中内皮祖细胞的作用[J].中国现代医生,2010,48(30):6-8.
[11] Song Y,Wang Z,Liu L,et al. The level of circulating endothelial progenitor cells May be associated with the occurrence and recurrence of chronic subdural hematoma [J]. Clinics(Sao Paulo),2013,68(8):1084-1088.
[12] 刘帅,刘学政.Ang-1/Tie2系统与病理性血管形成的关系[J].解剖科学进展,2010,16(1):85-88.
[13] 肖刚峰,张怀勤.普伐他汀对培养人内皮祖细胞药理作用的影响[J].中国现代医生,2013,51(6):16-18.
[14] Sobrino T,Blanco M,Pérez-Mato M,et al. Increased levels of circulating endothelial progenitor cells in patients with ischaemic stroke treated with statins during acute phase [J]. Eur J Neurol,2012,19(12):1539-1546.
[15] 张昕,王德强,郑玉云,等.内皮祖细胞移植对扩张型心肌病大鼠血管新生的影响[J].中国现代医生,2010,48(12):9-10.
[16] 冉文卓,王宏健,廖晓红,等.葛根素对AngⅡ诱导HUVECs细胞组织因子表达的影响及其机制研究[J].中国现代医学杂志,2012,22(12):13-18.
[17] Cacciatore F,Bruzzese G,Vitale DF,et al. Effects of ACE inhibition on circulating endothelial progenitor cells, vascular damage, and oxidative stress in hypertensive patients [J]. Eur J Clin Pharmacol,2011,67(9):877-883.
[18] 屈新辉,刘诗英,何丹,等.循环内皮祖细胞与急性脑梗死及脑血管病危险因素的相关性研究[J].中国医药导报,2012,9(5):42-44.
[19] Gu A,Shively JE. Angiopoietins-1 and -2 play opposing roles in endothelial sprouting of embryoid bodies in 3D culture and their receptor Tie-2 associates with the cell-cell adhesion molecule PECAM1 [J]. Exp Cell Res,2011, 317(15):2171-2182.
[20] 黄河,李建芳,古秀雯,等.年龄或性别对循环内皮祖细胞数量的影响[J].中国医药导报,2010,7(36):13-15.
(收稿日期:2013-11-09 本文编辑:程 铭)
[10] 黄楷森,何顶秀,邓小健,等.小剂量17β-雌二醇在大鼠颈动脉损伤修复过程中内皮祖细胞的作用[J].中国现代医生,2010,48(30):6-8.
[11] Song Y,Wang Z,Liu L,et al. The level of circulating endothelial progenitor cells May be associated with the occurrence and recurrence of chronic subdural hematoma [J]. Clinics(Sao Paulo),2013,68(8):1084-1088.
[12] 刘帅,刘学政.Ang-1/Tie2系统与病理性血管形成的关系[J].解剖科学进展,2010,16(1):85-88.
[13] 肖刚峰,张怀勤.普伐他汀对培养人内皮祖细胞药理作用的影响[J].中国现代医生,2013,51(6):16-18.
[14] Sobrino T,Blanco M,Pérez-Mato M,et al. Increased levels of circulating endothelial progenitor cells in patients with ischaemic stroke treated with statins during acute phase [J]. Eur J Neurol,2012,19(12):1539-1546.
[15] 张昕,王德强,郑玉云,等.内皮祖细胞移植对扩张型心肌病大鼠血管新生的影响[J].中国现代医生,2010,48(12):9-10.
[16] 冉文卓,王宏健,廖晓红,等.葛根素对AngⅡ诱导HUVECs细胞组织因子表达的影响及其机制研究[J].中国现代医学杂志,2012,22(12):13-18.
[17] Cacciatore F,Bruzzese G,Vitale DF,et al. Effects of ACE inhibition on circulating endothelial progenitor cells, vascular damage, and oxidative stress in hypertensive patients [J]. Eur J Clin Pharmacol,2011,67(9):877-883.
[18] 屈新辉,刘诗英,何丹,等.循环内皮祖细胞与急性脑梗死及脑血管病危险因素的相关性研究[J].中国医药导报,2012,9(5):42-44.
[19] Gu A,Shively JE. Angiopoietins-1 and -2 play opposing roles in endothelial sprouting of embryoid bodies in 3D culture and their receptor Tie-2 associates with the cell-cell adhesion molecule PECAM1 [J]. Exp Cell Res,2011, 317(15):2171-2182.
[20] 黄河,李建芳,古秀雯,等.年龄或性别对循环内皮祖细胞数量的影响[J].中国医药导报,2010,7(36):13-15.
(收稿日期:2013-11-09 本文编辑:程 铭)