ｗｈａｔ引导名词性从句热点考点揭秘

郝昌明

一、考查what引导主语从句用法

what引导主语从句时表示“……的内容”，需要时也可用it作形式主语，而用what从句作真正主语。

例1：____ matters most in learning English is enough practice.

（07全国卷Ⅱ）

A. What B. Why C. Where D. Which

解析：A。该空表示“……的内容”，应填What引导主语从句。

例2：It is none of your business ____ other people think about you. Believe yourself.（07福建）

A. how B. what C. which D. when

解析：B。该空表示“……的内容”，应填what引导主语从句。

例3： ____ parents say and do has a life-long effect on their children.（07陕西）

A. That B. Which C. What D. As

解析：C。该空表示“……的内容”，应填What引导主语从句。

二、考查what引导宾语从句用法

what引导宾语从句时也表示“……的内容”，它可作动词的宾语也可作介词的宾语。

例1：Choosing the right dictionary depends on ____ you want to use it for.（07江苏）

A. what B. why C. how D. whether

解析：A。该空表示“……的内容”，应填what引导宾语从句。

例2：——What did your parents think about your decision?

——They always let me do ____ I think I should. （06全国卷Ⅱ）

A. when B. that C. how D. what

解析：D。该空表示“……的内容”，而且在主句中作动词do的宾语，因此应用what引导宾语从句。

例3：I think Father would like to know ____ Ive been up to so far, so I decide to send him a quick note. (04湖南)

A. which B. why C. what D. how

解析：C。该空表示“……的内容”，而且作动词know的宾语，因此应用what引导宾语从句。

特别需要注意的是，what引导的感叹句也可以作宾语从句，此时what仍保留有“多么”的意思。

例：I was surprised by her words, which made me recognize ____ silly mistakes I had made. (05湖南)

A. what B. that C. how D. which

解析：A。该空表示“多么”，而且在主句中作动词recognize的宾语，因此应用what引导宾语从句。

三、考查what引导表语从句用法

what引导表语从句时还表示“……的内容”，在主句中作连系动词的表语。

例1：See the flags on top of the building? That was ____ we did this morning. （06全国卷I）

A. when B. which C. where D. what

解析：D。该空表示“……的内容”，而且在主句中作系动词was的表语，因此应用what引导表语从句。

例2：Perseverance is a kind of quality, and thats ____ it takes to do anything well.(02上海)

A. what B. that C. which D. why

解析：A。该空表示“……的内容”，而且在主句中作系动词is的表语，因此应用what引导表语从句。

四、考查what引导名词性从句创新含义

what引导名词性从句除表示“……的内容”外，还可表示“……的状况/人/地方/价格/速度/方法”，当然这种含义仍然属于“……的内容”。

例1：The seaside here draws a lot of tourists every summer. Warm sunshine and soft sands make ____ it is.（07天津）

A. what B. which C. how D. where

解析：A。该空表示“……的状况”，应填what引导宾语从句。

例2：The shopkeeper did not want to sell for ____ he thought was not enough. (05山东)

A. where B. how C. what D. which

解析：C。借助sell for可以推出该空表示“……的价格”，因此应用what引导宾语从句。

例3：The way he did it was different ____ we were used to.(05江西)

A. in which B. in what C. from what D. from which

解析：C。be different应与from构成搭配，因此该空作介词from的宾语，联系The way的语境逻辑可以推出该空表示“不同于……的方法”，因此应用 from what引导宾语从句。

例4：A modern city has been set up in ____ was a wasteland ten years ago. (04天津)

A. what B. which C. that D. where

解析：A。借助a wasteland可以推出该空表示“……的地方”，因此应用what引导宾语从句。

例5：The other day, my brother drove his car down the street at ____ I thought was a dangerous speed.(04上海春季)

A. as B. which C. what D. that

解析：C。借助a dangerous speed可以推出该空表示“……的速度”，因此应用what引导宾语从句。