覆盆子叶化学成分的研究

2023-09-19 02:44王建雄肖小武赵敏敏陈丽楠陈丹丹付辉政
中成药 2023年9期
关键词:无定形覆盆子粉末

王建雄,肖小武,赵敏敏,陈丽楠,陈丹丹,王 栋,付辉政*

(1.江西中医药大学,江西 南昌 330004;2.江西省药品检验检测研究院,国家药品监督管理局中成药质量评价重点实验室,江西省药品与医疗器械质量工程技术研究中心,江西 南昌 330029;3.江西省检验检测认证总院,江西 南昌 330052)

覆盆子又名掌叶覆盆子,主产于江西、浙江、湖北、湖南等地[1],在2020 年版《中国药典》 中收载用药部位为果实,但覆盆子叶的主要为民间记载用药,具有清热解毒的功效,主要用作营养保健[2]。目前药理作用研究表明,覆盆子叶具有抗肿瘤、降低血糖血脂、抗氧化等作用[3-4],其化学成分有二萜类、酚酸类、木脂素、黄酮类等[5-6]。课题组在覆盆子植物的研究基础之上,从覆盆子叶的醋酸乙酯部位、二氯甲烷部位中分离得到22 个单体化合物,其中化合物4、7、10、17~18、20~22 为首次从覆盆子中分离得到,化合物1~3、5~6、8~9、11~14 为首次从覆盆子叶中分离得到。

1 材料

Varian UNITY INOVA 600 超导核磁共振仪(美国Varian 公司);LC-20AR 型半制备HPLC 仪(日本岛津公司);C18反相填料 (日本YMC 公司);氘代试剂DMSO-d6、C5D5N、CD3OD (美国剑桥公司);FreeZoneR 冷冻干燥机 (美国LABCONCO 公司);Waters Xevo 质谱仪 (美国Waters 公司)。乙腈、甲醇为色谱纯(美国Sigma公司);甲醇、二氯甲烷、石油醚、乙酸乙酯为分析纯(国药集团化学试剂有限公司);水为超纯水。

覆盆子叶采自江西省抚州市崇仁县,经江西省药品检验检测研究院付辉政研究员鉴定为蔷薇科悬钩子植物掌叶覆盆子RubuschingiiHu 的叶。标本保留于江西省药品检验检测研究院科研室。

2 提取与分离

取覆盆子叶4.7 kg 粉碎,用10 倍量水煎煮提取2~3 次,每次2 h,浓缩提取液,依次用二氯甲烷、醋酸乙酯进行萃取,减压浓缩,得到二氯甲烷部位(15 g)、醋酸乙酯部位(60 g)。

醋酸乙酯部位用100 mL 甲醇溶解,经硅胶柱分离,以二氯甲烷-甲醇(6 ∶1~3 ∶1) 梯度洗脱,经TLC 检识,得Fr.1~Fr.9。Fr.4 (15.57 g) 经C18柱分离,以甲醇-水(5 ∶95~100 ∶0) 梯度洗脱,经HPLC 检识,得Fr.4-1~Fr.4-40,Fr.4-19(900 mg) 经半制备HPLC 分离,以18% 乙腈洗脱,得化合物1 (12 mg,tR=20.2 min,检测波长254 nm)、2 (37 mg,tR=40.5 min,检测波长254 nm),Fr.4-21 (300 mg) 经半制备HPLC 分离,以18% 乙腈洗脱,得化合物3 (2.5 mg,tR=25.7 min,检测波长254 nm)、4 (11 mg,tR=92.0 min,检测波长254 nm),Fr.4-23 (200 mg)经半制备HPLC 分离,以18%乙腈洗脱,得化合物5 (100 mg,tR=82.2 min,检测波长254 nm),Fr.4-25 (500 mg) 经半制备HPLC 分离,以30%甲醇洗脱,得化合物6 (70 mg,tR=83.5 min,检测波长254 nm)。Fr.3 (4.88 g) 经C18中压反向柱分离,以甲醇-水(5 ∶95~100 ∶0) 梯度洗脱,再经HPLC 检识合并,得Fr.3-1~Fr.3-6,Fr.3-4(700 mg) 经半制备HPLC 分离,以18% 乙腈洗脱,得化合物7 (6 mg,tR=120.0 min,检测波长254 nm)、11 (50 mg,tR=22.8 min,检测波长254 nm)。Fr.2 (5.76 g) 经C18柱分离,以甲醇-水(5 ∶95~100 ∶0) 梯度洗脱,再经HPLC 检识合并,得Fr.2-1~Fr.2-5,Fr.2-4 (900 mg) 经半制备HPLC 分离,以10% 甲醇洗脱,得化合物8(60 mg,tR=20.7 min,检测波长254 nm)、9 (11 mg,tR=60.1 min,检测波长254 nm)。Fr.9(4.56 g) 经C18柱分离,以甲醇-水 (5 ∶ 95~100 ∶0) 梯度洗脱,再经HPLC 检识合并,得Fr.9-1~Fr.9-5,Fr.9-4 经半制备HPLC 分离,以40%甲醇洗脱,得化合物10 (50 mg,tR=37.5 min,检测波长254 nm)。Fr.7 (3.49 g) 经C18柱分离,以甲醇-水(5 ∶95~100 ∶0) 梯度洗脱,再经HPLC 检识合并,得Fr.7-1~Fr.7-3,Fr.7-3 经半制备HPLC 分离,以23% 乙腈洗脱,得化合物12 (70 mg,tR=23.5 min,检测波长210 nm)、13(40 mg,tR=72.8 min,检测波长210 nm)、14(100 mg,tR=10.4 min,检测波长210 nm)、15(20 mg,tR=170.6 min,检测波长210 nm)。

二氯甲烷部位经C18柱分离,得Fr.A~Fr.E。Fr.A 经半制备HPLC 分离,以18%乙腈洗脱,得化合物16 (15 mg,tR=190.8 min,检测波长210 nm)、17 (10 mg,tR=195.3 min,检测波长210 nm)、18 (20 mg,tR=120.6 min,检测波长210 nm)、19 (30 mg,tR=150.8 min,检测波长210 nm)。Fr.C 经半制备HPLC 分离,以25% 乙腈洗脱,得化合物20 (60 mg,tR=72.4 min,检测波长254 nm)、21 (34 mg,tR=177.5 min,检测波长254 nm)、22 (15 mg,tR=120.2 min,检测波长254 nm)。

3 结构鉴定

化合物1:浅黄色无定形粉末,ESI-MSm/z:447.2 [M-H]-。1H-NMR (600 MHz,DMSO-d6)δ:8.67 (2H,d,J=12.0 Hz,H-2',6');13C-NMR(150 MHz,DMSO-d6)δ:156.9 (C-2),133.2(C-3),177.4 (C-4),161.6 (C-5),98.7 (C-6),164.3 (C-7),93.4 (C-8),156.5 (C-9),104.8 (C-10),121.5 (C-1'),115.4 (C-2'),144.9 (C-3'),148.4 (C-4'),116.3 (C-5'),121.3 (C-6'),100.6 (C-1″),74.6 (C-2″),77.9 (C-3″),69.1 (C-4″),76.9 (C-5″),61.4(C-6″)。以上数据与文献[7] 报道基本一致,故鉴定为异槲皮苷。

化合物2:黄色无定形粉末,ESI-MSm/z:463.6 [M-H]-。1H-NMR (600 MHz,DMSO-d6)δ:7.56 (1H,dd,J=12.0,2.4 Hz,H-6'),3.57(1H,dd,J=12.0,3.0 Hz,H-6a″),3.55 (1H,dd,J=12.0,6.0 Hz,H-6b″),3.36 (1H,dd,J=9.0,7.8 Hz,H-2″),3.33 (1H,t,J=9.6 Hz,H-3″),3.20 (1H,t,J=9.6 Hz,H-4″),3.08 (1H,ddd,J=12.0,6.0,2.4 Hz,H-5″);13C-NMR (150 MHz,DMSO-d6)δ:156.5 (C-2),133.7 (C-3),177.8 (C-4),161.6 (C-5),99.0(C-6),164.5 (C-7),93.9 (C-8),156.7 (C-9),104.4 (C-10),122.0 (C-1'),115.6 (C-2'),148.8 (C-3'),145.2 (C-4'),116.6 (C-5'),121.5 (C-6'),101.2 (C-1″),74.5 (C-2″),78.0 (C-3″),70.3 (C-4″),76.9 (C-5″),61.3 (C-6″)。以上数据与文献[8] 报道基本一致,故鉴定为槲皮素-3-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷。

化合物3:黄色无定形粉末,ESI-MSm/z:463.6 [M-H]-。1H-NMR (600 MHz,DMSO-d6)δ:7.67 (1H,dd,J=9.6,2.4 Hz,H-6'),3.11~3.66 (6H,m,H-1″);13C-NMR (150 MHz,DMSO-d6)δ:156.7 (C-2),133.5 (C-3),177.9(C-4),162.9 (C-5),99.6 (C-6),164.8 (C-7),93.9 (C-8),156.7 (C-9),104.3 (C-10),122.4 (C-1'),115.6 (C-2'),145.3 (C-3'),148.9 (C-4'),116.3 (C-5'),121.5 (C-6'),102.2 (C-1″),71.6 (C-2″),73.6 (C-3″),68.3(C-4″),76.3 (C-5″),60.5 (C-6″)。以上数据与文献[9] 报道基本一致,故鉴定为金丝桃苷。

化合物4:无定形粉末,ESI-MSm/z:359.3[M-H]-。1H-NMR (600 MHz,DMSO-d6)δ:6.63(1H,dd,J=12.0,2.4 Hz,H-6'),3.74 (1H,m,H-7'),3.56 (1H,m,H-9a'),3.43 (2H,m,H-9),3.15 (1H,m,H-9b'),2.50 (1H,m,H-8),1.82 (1H,m,H-8');13C-NMR (150 MHz,DMSO-d6)δ:127.3 (C-1),111.1 (C-2),145.6 (C-3),143.5 (C-4),116.1 (C-5),132.3 (C-6),32.3 (C-7),37.9 (C-8),63.8(C-9),136.9 (C-1'),111.6 (C-2'),147.1 (C-3'),144.4 (C-4'),115.1 (C-5'),121.3 (C-6'),47.7 (C-7'),45.5 (C-8'),59.6 (C-9'),55.5 (3'-OCH3),55.3 (3-OCH3)。以上数据与文献[10] 报道基本一致,故鉴定为(+)-异落叶松树脂醇。

化合物5:黄色粉末,ESI-MSm/z:447.3[M-H]-。1H-NMR (600 MHz,DMSO-d6)δ:4.28(1H,t,J=6.2 Hz,7-OH),3.08~3.58 (6H,m,H-2″~6″);13C-NMR (DMSO-d6,150 MHz)δ:156.7 (C-2),133.1 (C-3),177.4 (C-4),161.2 (C-5),98.7 (C-6),164.1 (C-7),93.6(C-8),156.2 (C-9),104.0 (C-10),120.9 (C-1'),130.9 (C-2',6'),115.1 (C-3',5'),159.9 (C-4'),100.8 (C-1″),74.2 (C-2″),76.4 (C-3″),69.9 (C-4″),77.5 (C-5″),60.8(C-6″)。以上数据与文献 [11] 报道基本一致,故鉴定为山柰酚-3-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷。

化合物6:黄色粉末,ESI-MSm/z:447.3[M-H]-。1H-NMR (600 MHz,DMSO-d6)δ:4.47(1H,t,J=6.4 Hz,7-OH),3.24~3.65 (6H,m,H-2″~6″);13C-NMR (150 MHz,DMSO-d6)δ:156.6 (C-2),133.7 (C-3),177.4 (C-4),161.3 (C-5),98.7 (C-6),164.1 (C-7),93.6(C-8),156.3 (C-9),103.6 (C-10),120.8 (C-1'),131.3 (C-2',6'),115.6 (C-3',5'),159.9 (C-4'),101.6 (C-1″),71.2 (C-2″),73.1 (C-3″),67.8 (C-4″),75.7 (C-5″),60.2(C-6″)。以上数据与文献 [11] 报道基本一致,故鉴定为山柰酚-3-O-β-D-吡喃半乳糖苷。

化合物7:无定形粉末,ESI-MSm/z:301.7[M-H]-。1H-NMR (600 MHz,DMSO-d6)δ:6.82(1H,dd,J=12.1,2.4 Hz,H-6'),3.96 (1H,dd,J=12.1,9.2 Hz,H-3a),3.56 (1H,t,J=7.9 Hz,H-γ),2.61 (1H,t,J=9.5 Hz,H-α),1.80 (1H,m,H-β);13C-NMR (150 MHz,DMSO-d6)δ:89.6 (C-2),53.1 (C-3),72.8 (C-3a),129.6 (C-4a),118.2 (C-4),137.4 (C-5),114.6 (C-6),145.3 (C-7),147.9 (C-7a),33.0 (C-α),35.5 (Cβ),62.3 (C-γ),134.7 (C-1'),110.8 (C-2'),149.5 (C-3'),147.5 (C-4'),116.7(C-5'),119.8 (C-6'),56.8 (C-OCH3),56.8 (C-OCH3),105.7 (C-1″),75.0 (C-2″),77.0 (C-3″),71.3 (C-4″),67.5 (C-5″)。以上数据与文献[12] 报道基本一致,故鉴定为2,3-dihydro-7-methoxy-2-(4'-hydroxy-3'-methoxyphenyl)-3a-O-β-D-xylopyranosyloxymethyl-5-benzofuranpropanol。

化合物8:无定形粉末,ESI-MSm/z:301.6[M-H]-。1H-NMR (600 MHz,DMSO-d6)δ:10.78 (4H,s,3,3',4,4'-OH);13C-NMR(150 MHz,DMSO-d6)δ:107.8 (C-1,1'),139.6 (C-2,2'),136.7 (C-3,3'),146.9 (C-4,4'),110.3 (C-5,5'),112.2 (C-6,6'),159.1 (C-7,7')。以上数据与文献[13] 报道基本一致,故鉴定为为鞣花酸。

化合物9:黄色粉末,ESI-MSm/z:448.9[M-H]-。1H-NMR (600 MHz,DMSO-d6)δ:7.95(2H,d,J=7.6 Hz,H-2',6),6.82 (2H,d,J=7.6 Hz,H-3',5'),6.41 (1H,d,J=3.2Hz,H-8),6.26 (1H,d,J=3.2 Hz,H-6),5.37(1H,d,J=7.6 Hz,H-6);13C-NMR (150 MHz,DMSO-d6)δ:156.1 (C-2),133.4 (C-3),177.5(C-4),103.8 (C-10),122.0 (C-1'),131.3(C-2',6'),115.2 (C-3',5'),161.2 (C-4'),101.8 (C-1),71.2 (C-2″),73.1 (C-3″),67.9(C-4″),75.8 (C-5″),60.1 (C-6″)。以上数据与文献[14] 报道基本一致,故鉴定为山柰酚-3-Oβ-D-半乳糖苷。

化合物10:黄色针状结晶,ESI-MSm/z:417.3 [M-H]-。1H-NMR (600 MHz,CD3OD)δ:4.30 (1H,dd,J=7.2,8.4 Hz,H-2″),4.21(1H,dd,J=14.9,3.7 Hz,H-5a″),4.05 (1H,dd,J=8.4,2.4 Hz,H-3″),3.83 (1H,dd,J=14.9,4.6 Hz,H-5b″),3.72 (1H,m,H-4″);13C-NMR (150 MHz,CD3OD)δ:135.6 (C-3),179.6 (C-4),163.0 (C-5),100.0 (C-6),166.1 (C-7),94.9 (C-8),159.0 (C-2,9),158.5 (C-2,9),104.7 (C-10),122.5 (C-1'),161.7 (C-4'),116.3 (C-3',5'),132.3 (C-2',6'),103.4 (C-1″),74.1 (C-2″),72.8 (C-3″),69.1 (C-4″),67.0 (C-5″)。以上数据与文献[15] 报道基本一致,故鉴定为山柰酚-3-O-α-D-阿拉伯糖苷。

化合物11:白色无定形粉末,ESI-MSm/z:155.2 [M-H]-。1H-NMR (600 MHz,CD3OD)δ:7.06 (2H,s,H-2,6);13C-NMR (150 MHz,CD3OD)δ:122.4 (C-1),110.6 (C-2,6),146.7 (C-3,5),139.8 (C-4),170.9 (C-7)。以上数据与文献[16] 报道基本一致,故鉴定为没食子酸。

化合物12:白色无定形粉末,ESI-MSm/z:645.3 [M-H]-。1H-NMR (600 MHz,C5D5N)δ:5.64 (1H,t,J=6.6 Hz,H-14),4.74 (1H,dd,J=12.0,6.6 Hz,H-15b),4.61 (1H,dd,J=12.0,6.6 Hz,H-15a),3.36 (1H,m,H-18a);13C-NMR (150 MHz,C5D5N)δ:37.7 (C-1),28.0 (C-2),72.9 (C-3),43.7 (C-4),42.9 (C-5),24.4 (C-6),123.2 (C-7),135.4(C-8),54.8 (C-9),37.1 (C-10),26.4 (C-11),43.1 (C-12),140.8 (C-13),122.0 (C-14),66.6 (C-15),17.2 (C-16),22.8 (C-17),75.2 (C-18),13.0 (C-19),14.9 (C-20),106.1 (C-1'),75.4 (C-2'),79.0 (C-3'),72.2(C-4'),79.1 (C-5'),63.3 (C-6'),104.4 (C-1″),75.8 (C-2″),79.1 (C-3″),72.7 (C-4″),79.2 (C-5″),63.6 (C-6″)。以上数据与文献[17] 报道基本一致,故鉴定为15,18-二-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖-13 (E)-对映-劳丹烷-7 (8),13(14)-二烯-3β,15,18-三醇。

化合物13:白色无定形粉末,ESI-MSm/z:645.3 [M-H]-。1H-NMR (600 MHz,C5D5N)δ:5.60 (1H,t,J=6.6 Hz,H-14),4.72 (1H,dd,J=11.4,6.6 Hz,H-15a),4.60 (1H,dd,J=11.4,6.6 Hz,H-15b);13C-NMR (150 MHz,C5D5N)δ:35.8 (C-1),28.6 (C-2),72.4 (C-3),43.7 (C-4),44.4 (C-5),19.5 (C-6),34.1 (C-7),127.0 (C-8),140.2 (C-9),39.6(C-10),27.6 (C-11),40.8 (C-12),141.0 (C-13),121.4 (C-14),66.5 (C-15),17.1 (C-16),20.0 (C-17),75.1 (C-18),13.7 (C-19),21.2 (C-20),106.2 (C-1'),75.5 (C-2'),79.0(C-3'),72.2 (C-4'),79.2 (C-5'),63.3 (C-6'),104.3 (C-1″),75.7 (C-2″),79.2 (C-3″),72.4 (C-4″),79.2 (C-5″),63.5 (C-6″).以上数据与文献[17] 报道基本一致,故鉴定为15,18-二-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷-13 (E)-对映-劳丹烷-8 (9),13 (14)-二烯-3β,15,18-三醇。

化合物14:白色无定形粉末,ESI-MSm/z:645.3 [M-H]-。1H-NMR (600 MHz,C5D5N)δ:5.64 (1H,dd,J=6.8 Hz,H-14),4.71 (1H,dd,J=6.6,12.2 Hz,H-15a);13C-NMR (150 MHz,C5D5N)δ:38.7 (C-1),28.1 (C-2),72.5 (C-3),43.8 (C-4),48.3 (C-5),21.3(C-6),45.1 (C-7),73.7 (C-8),62.3 (C-9),39.7 (C-10),25.0 (C-11),44.2 (C-12),142.0 (C-13),121.1 (C-14),66.8 (C-15),17.6 (C-16),25.3 (C-17),75.2 (C-18),13.5(C-19),17.0 (C-20),106.3 (C-1'),79.0 (C-2'),79.1 (C-3'),75.7 (C-4'),72.2 (C-5'),63.4 (C-6'),104.5 (C-1″),79.1 (C-2″),79.2(C-3″),75.8 (C-4″),72.6 (C-5″),62.3 (C-6″)。以上数据与文献[18] 报道基本一致,故鉴定为覆盆子苷A。

化合物15:白色无定形粉末,ESI-MSm/z:319.7 [M-H]-。1H-NMR (600 MHz,C5D5N)δ:5.61 (1H,t,J=6.6 Hz,H-14);13C-NMR (150 MHz,C5D5N)δ:38.8 (C-1),28.7 (C-2),72.3 (C-3),44.1 (C-4),47.5 (C-5),25.0(C-6),37.8 (C-7),149.5 (C-8),57.0 (C-9),40.2 (C-10),23.0 (C-11),39.4 (C-12),141.3 (C-13),121.7 (C-14),66.6 (C-15),17.3 (C-16),107.2 (C-17),75.1 (C-18),13.6 (C-19),15.9 (C-20),104.2 (C-1'),75.8 (C-2'),79.2 (C-3'),72.6 (C-4'),79.1(C-5'),63.4 (C-6'),106.3 (C-1″),75.6 (C-2″),79.1 (C-3″),72.5 (C-4″),79.0 (C-5″),63.4 (C-6″)。以上数据与文献[19] 报道基本一致,故鉴定为goshonoside F5。

化合物16:白色无定形粉末,ESI-MSm/z:321.5 [M-H]-。1H-NMR (600 MHz,C5D5N)δ:5.81 (1H,t,J=7.8 Hz,H-14),4.62 (2H,brd,J=7.8 Hz,H-15),4.37 (1H,dd,J=6.0,12.6 Hz,H-3),4.53 (1H,dd,J=12.0 Hz,H-18a);13C-NMR (150 MHz,C5D5N)δ:38.6 (C-1),28.3 (C-2),72.3 (C-3),43.9 (C-4),47.3 (C-5),24.7 (C-6),37.6 (C-7),149.4(C-8),56.9 (C-9),40.0 (C-10),23.0 (C-11),39.4 (C-12),138.2 (C-13),126.2 (C-14),59.5 (C-15),17.5 (C-16),107.0 (C-17),74.6 (C-18),13.3 (C-19),15.8 (C-20),105.9 (C-1'),75.3 (C-2'),78.9 (C-3'),72.7(C-4'),77.2 (C-5'),69.1 (C-6'),110.7 (C-1″),83.7 (C-2″),79.0 (C-3″),86.4 (C-4″),63.2 (C-5″)。以上数据与文献[20] 报道基本一致,故鉴定为goshonoside F6。

化合物17:白色粉末,ESI-MSm/z:603.1[M-H]-。1H-NMR (600 MHz,C5D5N)δ:7.12(1H,dd,J=9.6,2.4 Hz,H-6'),3.99 (1H,m,H-9'b),3.89 (2H,m,H-9),3.75 (1H,m,H-8'),3.65 (1H,m,H-9'a),2.92 (2H,t,J=7.2 Hz,H-7),2.14 (2H,m,H-8);13C-NMR (150 MHz,C5D5N)δ:88.6 (C-2),55.6 (C-3),64.8 (C-3a),117.9 (C-4),130.2(C-4a),136.9 (C-5),33.1 (C-5a),36.5 (C-5b),61.9 (C-5c),114.0 (C-6),145.1 (C-7),147.7 (C-7a),139.2 (C-1'),104.5 (C-2',6'),154.5 (C-3',5'),136.7 (C-4'),116.5(C-5'),120.9 (C-6'),74.1 (C-7'),88.4 (C-8'),61.7 (C-9'),56.7 (7-OCH3),56.5 (3',5'-OCH3),77.2 (3'-OCH3)。以上数据与文献[21] 报道基本一致,故鉴定为dihydrobuddlenol。

化合物18:无色油状物,ESI-MSm/z:207.1[M-H]-。1H-NMR (600 MHz,CD3OD)δ:6.87(1H,m,H-9),6.16 (1H,dd,J=16.0,1.5 Hz,H-8),4.02 (1H,m,H-3),2.36 (1H,dd,J=17.0,5.5 Hz,H-4β),2.02 (1H,dd,J=17.0,10.0Hz,H-4α),1.96 (3H,dd,J=7.0,1.4 Hz,H-10),1.74 (1H,dd,J=12.0,2.0 Hz,H-2β),1.50 (1H,m,H-2α);13C-NMR (150 MHz,CD3OD)δ:204.3 (C-7),149.8 (C-9),140.7 (C-5),135.4 (C-8),130.2 (C-6),65.2 (C-3),48.6 (C-4),41.6(C-2),37.2 (C-1),30.3 (C-12),29.6 (C-11),21.4 (C-13),18.6 (C-10)。以上数据与文献[22] 报道基本一致,故鉴定为 (S)-3-hydroxy-β-ionone。

化合物19:白色针状结晶,ESI-MSm/z:319.6 [M-H]-。1H-NMR (600 MHz,DMSO-d6)δ:3.66 (1H,dd,J=4.5,12.0 Hz,H-3),5.38(1H,t,J=6.3 Hz,H-14);13C-NMR (150 MHz,DMSO-d6)δ:39.3 (C-1),29.5 (C-2),73.2(C-3),45.2 (C-4),48.4 (C-5),28.8 (C-6),37.9 (C-7),147.8 (C-8),58.2 (C-9),40.5(C-10),24.9 (C-11),39.0 (C-12),135.7 (C-13),123.7 (C-14),58.3 (C-15),19.2 (C-16),107.5 (C-17),67.8 (C-18),13.4 (C-19),15.7 (C-20)。以上数据与文献[5] 报道基本一致,故鉴定为13 (E)-对映-劳丹烷-8 (17),13-二烯-3β,15,18-三醇。

化合物20:淡黄色油状(甲醇),ESI-MSm/z:435.3 [M-H]-。1H-NMR (600 MHz,CD3OD)δ:3.70 (2H,dd,J=11.3,3.5 Hz,H-9),3.63(2H,m,H-9');13C-NMR (150 MHz,CD3OD)δ:134.5 (C-1,1'),105.5 (C-2,2',6,6'),149.7 (C-3,3',5,5'),137.6 (C-4,4'),84.3 (C-7,7'),56.7 (C-8,8'),62.7 (C-9,9'),56.8 (3,3',5,5'-OCH3)。以上数据与文献[23] 报道基本一致,故鉴定为icariol A2。

化合物21:白色粉末,ESI-MSm/z:359.6[M-H]-。1H-NMR (600 MHz,CD3OD)δ:3.84(2H,m,H-8,8'),6.82 (2H,dd,J=1.8,8.4 Hz,H-6,6'),4.33 (2H,m,H-9a,9'a);13C-NMR (150 MHz,CD3OD)δ:133.6 (C-1,1'),111.0 (C-2,2'),149.3 (C-3,3'),56.6(3,3'-OCH3),147.5 (C-4,4'),116.2 (C-5,5'),120.4 (C-6,6'),87.9 (C-7,7'),55.8(C-8,8'),72.9 (C-9,9')。以上数据与文献[24] 报道基本一致,故鉴定为(+)-松脂醇。

化合物22:白色粉末,ESI-MSm/z:629.3[M-H]-。1H-NMR (600 MHz,CD3OD)δ:5.29(1H,t,J=6.8 Hz,H-14),4.33 (1H,dd,J=6.0,12.6 Hz,H-3),3.87 (1H,dd,J=12.0 Hz,H-18a);13C-NMR (150 MHz,C5D5N)δ:38.2 (C-1),24.8 (C-2),85.8 (C-3),39.6(C-4),56.5 (C-5),25.3 (C-6),39.2 (C-7),149.4 (C-8),56.6 (C-9),40.2 (C-10),23.0(C-11),39.4 (C-12),146.4 (C-13),121.8(C-14),66.6 (C-15),17.3 (C-16),107.2 (C-17),29.0 (C-18),13.6 (C-19),15.9 (C-20),102.2 (C-1'),75.8 (C-2'),79.2 (C-3'),72.6(C-4'),79.1 (C-5'),63.4 (C-6'),102.3 (C-1″),75.6 (C-2″),79.1 (C-3″),72.5 (C-4″),79.0 (C-5″),63.4 (C-6″),以上数据与文献[25] 报道基本一致,故鉴定为gomojoside J。

4 讨论

覆盆子叶具有清热解毒及抗肿瘤等作用,课题组在覆盆子果实和茎的基础之上对叶的化学成分进行研究,得到22 个化合物,进一步丰富了覆盆子的化学成分,并为寻找抗肿瘤活性成分奠定了基础。

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