何玉萍 刘艳秀 麦湛文
【摘要】 目的:探讨布地奈德/福莫特罗吸入联合低流量吸氧对慢性阻塞性肺疾病(COPD)稳定期伴呼吸衰竭患者临床疗效。方法:选取笔者所在医院2019年1-12月收治的130例COPD稳定期伴呼吸衰竭患者作为研究对象,按照随机数字表法将其分为观察组(65例)和对照组(65例),两组均进行常规治疗,观察组在此基础上持续低流量供氧,加用布地奈德/福莫特罗治疗。对比两组动脉血气分析指标、肺功能、运动功能指标和临床疗效。结果:治疗后两组PaO2值均高于治疗前,PaCO2值均低于治疗前,且观察组PaO2、PaCO2值均优于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);治疗后两组FEV1%、FEV1/FVC值高于治療前,且观察组FEV1%、FEV1/FVC值均高于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);治疗后两组6MWD值均高于治疗前,mMRC评分均低于治疗前,且观察组6MWD、mMRC评分均优于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组临床总有效率优于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:布地奈德/福莫特罗吸入联合低流量吸氧对COPD稳定期伴呼吸衰竭患者有显著效果,值得在临床推广使用。
【关键词】 布地奈德/福莫特罗 慢性阻塞性肺疾病 稳定期 呼吸衰竭 肺功能
doi:10.14033/j.cnki.cfmr.2020.16.003 文献标识码 A 文章编号 1674-6805(2020)16-000-03
Clinical Effect of Budesonide/Formoterol Inhalation Combined with Low Flow Oxygen Inhalation on COPD Patients with Respiratory Failure/HE Yuping, LIU Yanxiu, MAI Zhanwen. //Chinese and Foreign Medical Research, 2020, 18(16): -8
[Abstract] Objective: To explore the effect of Budesonide/Formoterol combined with low flow oxygen inhalation on the clinical efficacy of COPD patients with respiratory failure in stable stage. Method: A total of 130 patients from January to December 2019 in our hospital were selected, and were divided into the observation group (65 cases) and the control group (65 cases) according to the method of random number table. The two groups were treated with routine treatment, the observation group continued to supply oxygen with low flow on the basis, plus Budesonide/Formoterol. The arterial blood gas analysis index, pulmonary function, motor function index and clinical effect of the two groups were compared. Result: After treatment, the PaO2 values in the two groups were higher than those before treatment, and the PaCO2 in the two groups were lower than those before treatment, and the PaO2 and PaCO2 values in the observation group were better than those in the control group, the differences were statistically significant (P<0.05). After treatment, the FEV1%, FEV1/FVC values in the two groups were higher than those before treatment, and the FEV1%, FEV1/FVC values in the observation group were higher than those in the control group, the differences were statistically significant (P<0.05). After treatment, the 6MWD values in the two groups were higher than those before treatment, the mMRC scores in the two groups were lower than those before treatment, and the 6MWD, mMRC score in the observation group were better than those in the control group, the differences were statistically significant (P<0.05). The total clinical effective rate in the observation group was better than that in the control group, the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). Conclusion: Budesonide/Formoterol combined with low flow oxygen inhalation has a significant effect on patients with respiratory failure in the stable period of COPD, which is worthy of clinical application.
2.4 两组临床疗效比较
观察组临床总有效率(90.77%)高于对照组(76.92%),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),见表4。
3 讨论
COPD是呼吸系统重大疾病之一,严重威胁人类身体健康和生命安全,根据临床症状及体征,有稳定期和急性加重期两种类型,前者主要表现为活动后呼吸困难,肺功能进行性减退,影响患者生活质量,而重度COPD稳定期患者,多伴有呼吸衰竭,严重影响患者生命安全,有研究报道,COPD稳定期伴呼吸衰竭患者2年病死率高达30%~40%[8]。而从目前的研究报道来看,以药物治疗、氧疗及无创通气治疗等综合疗法对稳定期COPD伴呼吸衰竭患者进行临床对症治疗,对患者病情进行性发展可起到一定的控制作用,从而改善患者肺功能和生活质量[9]。
信必可都保吸入剂含有两种药效成分:福莫特罗与布地奈德[9]。其中福莫特罗属长效选择性β2-受体激动剂,作用于气道阻塞患者支气管平滑肌,可发挥舒张支气管平滑肌作用,从而改善支气管通气功能;此外,该药尚可激活无活性的糖皮质激素受体,提升糖皮质激素与受体结合率,从而发挥强大的抗炎作用[10]。布地奈德属于糖皮质激素类药物,具有高效局部抗炎作用,并可发挥抗过敏作用,减少组胺等过敏介质的释放并降低其活性,减低过敏物质引起的支气管黏膜水肿和平滑肌收缩;此外,布地奈德尚并可降低支气管平滑肌物质水平,使过度收缩的支气管平滑肌得以舒张[11-12]。
在本次研究中,治疗前笔者对两组患者进行动脉血气分析、检测肺功能、运动功能,上述各项指标组间比较差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05);但治疗结束后,两组PaO2值均显著提升,PaCO2值均显著下降,FEV1%、FEV1/FVC值均显著提升,6MWD值均显著提升,mMRC评分均显著下降,观察组上述指标改善幅度与对照组比较,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);而且治疗后观察组临床总有效率高于对照组(P<0.05)。由此可见,福莫特罗/布地奈德吸入联合低流量吸氧可有效控制COPD稳定期伴呼吸衰竭患者的病情,改善其肺功能。
综上所述,福莫特罗/布地奈德吸入联合低流量吸氧对COPD稳定期伴呼吸衰竭患者有显著效果,值得在临床推广使用。
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(收稿日期:2020-03-30) (本文编辑:马竹君)