韩国餐饮5件事

1. Metal Chopsticks金属筷子

Unlike the Chinese and Japanese who use wooden chopsticks， South Koreans usually use metal chopsticks.

The reason for using metal over wood is unclear， but some theories suggest it was for hygiene reasons， or the scarcity of quality timber making metal cheap. The other unique thing about South Korean chopsticks is that they are always accompanied by a metal spoon.

This is because of the large number of soup-like dishes eaten at a South Korean meal. In fact， most South Korean meals involve soup and rice primarily （with kimchi on the side of course）， with other side dishes being optional. When the table is set， the spoon always goes to the left of the chopsticks.

与中国人和日本人使用的木筷子不同，韩国人常常使用的是金属筷子。

使用金属筷子而非木筷子的原因尚不清楚，但是一些观点认为是卫生方面的原因，或者是优质木材的奇缺使金属制筷子更为便宜。韩国筷子的另一个特点是它们总是会跟金属勺子配套使用。

这是因为韩国餐饮中有大量汤类食物。事实上，韩国大部分食物以汤和米饭为主（泡菜在菜的一边），而其他配菜是可供自由选择的。在布置餐桌时，勺子总是被放在筷子的左边。

2. What goes where？如何摆放

There is a particular order to the placement of things on a South Korean table. At each place setting you have rice， then to its right you have soup， then the chopsticks on the far right. Stews and side dishes are arranged in the center of the table for everyone to share. And here share means that even the stews are usually eaten by everyone from a communal pot. When sharing from a communal pot make sure your spoon is very clean—this is done with the mouth—not a napkin. In other words， when eating off your spoon， dont leave anything behind before dipping it again.

韩式餐桌物品的摆放是有一定秩序的。首先从摆放米饭的位置开始，它的右侧是放汤的位置，筷子则是放在右侧较远的地方。炖菜和配菜应放在餐桌的中间，供大家一起分享。这里所说的分享，是指大家从一个公共的锅里取食物。当你从锅里取食物的时候，要保证你的勺子是非常干净的。但千万不要用纸巾来擦干净，而是用你的嘴巴。换句话说，在你再次把勺子伸进锅里之前，要保证勺子在离开你的嘴后，上面没有残留任何食物。

3. Right Tools正确的工具

You should use the right tools for the job—in South Korean food that means you eat your rice with a spoon. So often on video clips online of non-South Koreans eating bibimbap （mixed rice） you see them struggling to stir up their rice and vegetables with their chopsticks. They should be using a spoon！ It is very easy to mix up bibimbap this way and， of course， it means you get to eat it much faster as everything must be mixed well first. The spoon is also used for soups， stews， and porridges. Chopsticks are there to help you pick up pieces of meat or vegetables from a barbecue， or to take side dishes.

吃飯时须用对工具——这句话放在韩国餐饮中的意思是说吃米饭要用勺子。在网上的视频短片中，你会时常看到非韩国人吃韩国拌饭（什锦饭）时在努力地用筷子搅拌米饭和蔬菜。他们应该用勺子！用勺子搅拌韩国拌饭是很轻松的事。勺子也用于喝汤、吃炖菜和喝粥。在韩国，筷子是用来夹烧烤架上的肉片或蔬菜，或者用来夹一些配菜。

4. Good Manners良好的礼仪

It can be considered rude if you dont eat all of your rice. It is not necessary to finish all of the side dishes on the table， but the rice is a must. You should never blow your nose at the table—this is considered to be one of the rudest actions possible. Other banned acts： leaving chopsticks in your bowl between bites， eating with your mouth open， talking with your mouth full， overeating， and using your hands to pick up dishes. You should also not start eating before the oldest person at the table starts. When you have finished eating， your spoon and chopsticks return to the place from where they came： on the table.

如果你不把碗里的飯全部吃完，则会被视为没有教养的行为。餐桌上的菜可以不吃完，但米饭是必须要吃完的。不要在饭桌上擤鼻涕，因为这被视为最不礼貌的行为之一。其他禁止的行为还包括：咀嚼食物时把筷子放在碗里，咀嚼食物时张嘴，嘴里有东西时说话，吃得太多和用手取食物。吃饭时，你应当等最年长的人开吃之后才动筷子。吃完饭以后，把你的勺子和筷子放到它们最初在餐桌上的位置。

5. Drinking Manners饮酒礼仪

At the table you should not pour your own liquor—someone else will pour it for you （hold your glass with two hands while it is being filled）， and in turn， you should pour drinks for them. If you are serving a drink to someone older than you， use two hands to hold the bottle. Make sure your companions glass is never empty. The next rule may sound tedious， but South Koreans are much more aware of social order so it is quite important. When  drinking with someone higher than you on the social ladder （either in age， business rank， or social rank） you should turn your head away from them when you take a sip. This is done as a sign of deference.

在餐桌上你不应该自己给自己倒酒——有人会为你倒的（别人为你倒酒时，你必须用双手捧起杯子），反过来，你也应该为他们倒酒。如果给比你年长的人倒酒，那么用双手拿酒瓶。确保你同伴的杯子里总是有酒。接下来的这个规矩可能听起来很无趣，但韩国人特别注重社会秩序，所以这条规矩相当重要。和社会阶层（在年龄、职位或社会地位方面）比你高的人一起喝酒时，你不应该面对着他们，而应该把头扭开小口酌酒。这是一种表达敬意的姿态。

Word Study

scarcity /'ske?s?ti/ n. 缺乏;不足;稀少

communal /k?'mju?nl/ adj. 共有的，共用的

tedious /'ti?di?s/ adj. 冗长的;令人厌烦的

We had to listen to the tedious details of his operation.

deference /'def?r?ns/ n. 尊重;遵从

The women wore veils in deference to the customs of the country.