Abstracts of Main Essays

AnalysisonHumanSelf-disciplineandItsConstructioninaHigh-techEra

JIANG Chang

Human beings have entered the era of high technology. Historians and artificial intelligence experts predict that robots and other “Superman”will far surpass human beings，which may make people become their slaves，or even replace human beings as “new human beings”. This is a severe challenge to human self-esteem，self-confidence and even human survival.In fact，the unique nature of human survival and development cannot be replaced by any other things，and relying on the power of this nature，nor can human beings be surpassed or replaced by their own creation.However，if human beings give up this nature for the sake of short-sighted interests and allow alienation to deepen day by day，then human beings will not be destroyed by robots，but destroyed by other things made by human beings themselves.Only when human beings are mechanized or materialized can machines be humanized.The only way for human beings not to let the high-tech created by themselves hurt and destroy themselves is human self-discipline.Human self-discipline is the solid foundation for human beings to deal with high-tech challenges with firm confidence.To establish an effective human self-discipline，human beings must change the current market economy mode，fundamentally eliminate the motivation to use science and technology as an extreme self-interest means.At the same time，human beings must also change the current national political mode，and systematically curb the global competition of robot research and development and manufacturing under the leadership of governments in various countries.

AnalysisonPredicamentofCitizen’sFreedomandSafety

GAN Shao-ping

The historical process demonstrated by the theoretical construction and practice of a modern democratic country ruled by law shows that the constitution，as the supreme command of the country，stipulates that the country has dual functions and tasks of protecting the safety of the people and protecting the freedom rights of citizens. In terms of the relationship between freedom and safety，there is no doubt that safety constitutes a prerequisite for freedom. But safety is only the means by which people achieve their ends，and freedom is the real purpose of people. In view of the harm caused by the abuse of state power being far more than what people suffer when they lose their safety in the natural state，freedom should be given priority when there exist conflicts between the two tasks of protecting citizen’s safety and freedom. And this should be clearly stipulated in the law and solidified by the system.

StudyofFour-valuedLogic-drivenNaturalInferenceSystemBasedonParenthesisNotation

DU Guo-ping

Using the parenthesis representation to construct four-valued logic system will render the formal languageconcise，and the formulaaccurate，unambiguous，and shorter. By using 16 inference rules that conform to inferential intuition，a four-valued logic natural deductive system PD4 can be built and the four-valued semantics can prove the soundness and completeness of this system. With syntactic and semantic methods，it proves that the four-valued logic natural deductive system PD4 is an extension system of classical two-valued logic，Lucasiwitz’s three-valued logic and general three-valued logic systems.

AnalysisonPhilosopherLIANGShuming’sInterpretationandAdoptionofYangmingThought

LE Ai-guo

As the most powerful person who advocated the study of Lu and Wang since the New Culture Movement，Liang Shuming promoted the words “intuitive knowledge is the knowledge possessed by men without the exercise of thought and the ability possessed by men without having been acquired by learning” by Wang Gen，a later scholar of Taizhou School，based on which he explained Ren with intuition.He also absorbed Wang Gen’s understanding of Wang Yangming’s saying that “Yue is the noumenon of mind”，unifying Confucius’ Yue and Ren. By unifying Wang Yangming’s view of knowledge and action，he interpreted “the unity of knowledge and action” as “knowledge and action as originally one”. Liang Shuming’s elucidation of Yangming scholarship was not just about Yangming or Taizhou school itself，but also a new interpretation of Confucianism in order to criticize the misunderstandings of Confucianism at that time.

StudyofHistoricalRolesandContributionsofKuoPingwenandShangwuPrintingHouse

inModernChinesePrintingIndustryTransformation

ZHOU Hong-yu，LI Yong

As a publishing enterprise rooted in the old system，the Commercial Press，in response to the great transformation of Chinese social culture after the Republic of China，vigorously absorbed new talents to realize the continuous change of the enterprise. Because of the multiple relationships of academy，marriage and business，Kuo Pingwen and the Commercial Press，under the concept of “Save the Nation by Education”，supported each other and sought common development. Kuo Pingwen actively assisted the Commercial Press to overcome the dilemma of internal and external development by recommending business elites，providing industry news，editing English dictionaries，and entering the film industry. These cooperations made Kuo an important promoter in the transformation and upgrading of the Commercial Press. The above activities reflected the general cooperation between intellectuals and publishing institutions in the Republic of China around “Save the Nation by Education” and highlighted the platform advantages of Commercial Press and multiple assistance for the development of Kuo Pingwen and other intellectuals. The relationship between Kuo Pingwen and the commercial press is a typical example of the interaction and cooperation between the new intellectuals of the Republic of China and the educational publishing media. They jointly promote the transformation of modern Chinese society and culture.

ContributionandLimitation：

HistoricalResearchonBANGu’sThoughtofFuRhapsodicEssayAuthorshipConstruction

LIU Chao-qian

The identity of Fu Jia as the subject of literary writing was first constructed in Han Dynasty. As a Fu Jia and historian，Ban Gu was one of the most important representatives of the construction of the identity of Fu Jia in Han Dynasty. His theory which described the historical generation path，summarized the historical reasons and spoke on the essence of Fu Jia’s identity，has profoundly influenced the later research of Fu，and this influence is still huge today. Scholars often take Ban Gu’s identity theory of Fu Jia as the fundamental basis for studying the origin，the contents and the value of Fu. They usually regard it as authoritative statement for its accordance with historical truth and theoretical logic. It can be said that most studies afterwards usually take Ban Gu’s identity theory of Fu Jia as their academic fulcrum. In fact，the academia regard Ban Gu’s relevant theories as a self-evident truth without prior doubt and criticism，therefore their theories are questionable. For rethinking Ban Gu’s identity-relevant speech，although it has important historical significance in the history of the identity construction of Fu Jia，it is difficult to be self-explanatory in the dual logic of history and theory，so later studies of Fu should pay great attention to the use of Ban Gu’s speech. Otherwise，the academic research of Fu Jia’s identity，even many major issues in Fu studies，will lead to misjudgment due to blindly and comprehensively accepting of Ban Gu’s remarks.

ReviewonDramaticChangesofChineseRuralCommunityGovernancefrom1949to2019

WEN Feng-an

Rural community governance is an integral part of the rural governance system，an important foundation for modernizing the rural governance system and governance capacity，and an important part of promoting the modernization of the national governance system and governance capacity. The modernization of rural community governance adheres to the priority development of agriculture and rural areas，and is committed to meeting the needs of rural people for a better life，consolidating the foundation of rural development，injecting strong vitality into agricultural and rural development，and providing a driving force for rural revitalization. In the 70 years since the founding of the People’s Republic of China，the changes in rural community governance can be roughly divided into four stages：exploration，breakthrough，deepening，and promotion. In the process of rural community governance，adherence to the leadership of grass-roots party organizations and the functions of township governments is always the priority. Valuable experience such as effective play，ideological awareness of farmers participating in community governance，and collaborative participation of other social organizations in rural community governance provides a sound working mechanism for rural grass-roots party organizations in the new era to promote the modernization of rural community governance，coordinate the role of social community organizations，cultivate the “new forces” of rural community governance，take rural rejuvenation as a starting point to promote the modernization of rural community governance，and other useful enlightenments. Combined with the reality of China’s rural governance construction in the new era，through the establishment of institutions and mechanisms，the active participation of farmers will surely gain great development and remarkable results.