猪年话说汉英词典中的“猪”（下）

肖福寿

三、与“猪”有关的三字表达法

这方面的表达法，绝大多数为名词，不少是专有名词，只有少量形容词。具体请见以下例子：

1. 猪八戒  [Lit] Zhubajie， Pigsy [character in the novel Pilgrimage to the West， represented by a pig and symbolizing the baseness in man]

2. 猪背脊  hogback

3. 猪癫疯  epilepsy

4. 猪肺疫  swine plague

5. 猪肝色  liver colored; yellowish brown; purplish red

6. 猪拱嘴  meat of a pig’s mouth area

7. 猪狗臭  <colloq> body odor （as from armpits）

8. 猪拐子  bent， crooked （like a pig’s leg）

9. 猪爵脊  pork tenderloin

10. 猪流感  swine influenza

11. 猪毛绒  fine pig hair

12. 猪脑子  1.pig brains [as a food item] 2.<abus> <colloq> thickheaded

13. 猪排骨  pork chop; pork cutlet

14. 猪婆龙  <colloq> Chinese alligator

15. 猪潜艇  submarine chaser

16. 猪舌头  pig’s tongue [as food item]

17. 猪头风  [Med] epilepsy

18. 猪头肉  pig’s chaps

19. 猪头三  <colloq> （Shanghai） 1.<abus> person lacking common sense; person not knowing right from wrong 2.person new to Shanghai

20. 豬尾巴  1.pig’s tail 2.pigtail （of hair）

21. 猪下水  pig’s offal; pig’s entrails

22. 猪牙子  piglet

23. 猪杂碎  chopsuey; cooked chopped entrails of pigs; cooked chopped entrails

24. 猪崽儿  piglet; pigling; sucking pig; suckling pig

25. 猪肘子  leg of pork

26. 猪觜关  （of a person） to insult others at will

27. 猪嘴瘟  [Med] mumps; parotitis

四、与“猪”有关的四字或以上的表达法

这方面的表达法，绝大部分为习语，只有少量的一般性表达法，其中含有一些贬义性的词语。具体请见以下例子：

1. 肥猪拱门  <idiom> （a fat pig butts into one’s house） to have good fortune knock at one’s door; to grant a windfall; to bestow good fortune upon sb： 愿你～！ May you bless the people with good fortune！

2. 封豕长蛇  <idiom> （large pigs and long snakes） greedy and brutish despots or invaders; evildoers

3. 火到猪头烂，钱到公事办  <familiar> （just as cooking makes a pig’s head tender， money gets a public matter done） bribery is the ultimate arbitrator of official decisions; money talks

4. 狗彘不如  also 狗彘不若  <idiom> no better than a cur or swine [descriptive of a contemptible person]

5. 狗猪不食其余  <idiom> （a person so despised and contemptible that even a pig or a dog won’t eat the food left by him or her） base; mean; despicable; contemptible; disgusting

6. 瘠牛偾豚  <idiom> （an emaciated ox can crush a piglet） a powerful country in decline can destroy a weak one

7. 见豕负涂  <idiom> （seeing a mired pig） extremely filthy or dirty

8. 狼奔豕突  <idiom> （the wolves rush and the pigs dash） to dash pell-mell; to flee helter-skelter

9. 冷水燙猪 <idiom> （to burn a pig with cold water） to try in vain; to come to no avail

10. 辽东之猪  <idiom> （Liaodong pig） sth mistaken for being extraordinary when it is really not ordinary; one who is proud or conceited out of ignorance

11. 鲁鱼亥豕  also 鲁鱼帝虎，鲁鱼陶阴<idiom> （confusing the similar shapes of the characters 鲁 and 鱼， 亥 and 豕） error in writing; clerical or typographical error

12. 没吃过猪肉，还没见过猪跑  <familiar> （even if you have never eaten pork before， still have you not seen a pig run？） even if one has had no direct experience in a matter， common everyday knowledge and experience should give one some idea about how things are done

13. 牧豕听经  <idiom> （to graze pigs while listening to a talk） to study assiduously

14. 泥猪疥狗  <idiom> （muddy pig and scabby dog） person of low position; loutish person

15. 人怕出名，猪怕壮  <familiar> fame portends trouble for humans just as fattening does for pigs

16. 三豕涉河  also 三豕渡河，三豕金根<idiom> to misuse or misunder-stand a character [such as mistaking 豕for 亥]

17. 食而弗爱，豕交之也;爱而不敬，兽畜之也 to feed a scholar and not love him， is to treat him as a pig; to love him and not respect him， is to keep him as a domestic animal

18. 豕亥鱼鲁  <idiom> （confusing the similar shapes of the characters 豕， 亥， 鱼 and 鲁） spelling or wording mistakes made in transcription or printing

19. 豕交兽畜  <idiom> （to treat like beasts） to treat people impolitely; to treat people without proper love and respect

20. 豕突狼奔  <idiom> （the pigs dash and the wolves rush; to run like wolves and rush like boars） 1.to dash pell-mell; to flee helter-skelter; to dash around madly 2.to infest and harass about （of bandits）

21. 豚蹄禳田  <idiom> （to offer a pig’s foot in sacrifice and pray for abundant harvest） to ask a lot for a little

22. 信及豚鱼  <idiom> （to show one’s sincerity even for pigs and fish） true sincerity moves even dumb animals

23. 行若狗彘  <idiom> （to act like dogs and pigs） to behave shamelessly

24. 猪八戒倒打一耙  <idiom> （Zhubajie makes an unfounded attack with his rake） to make an unfounded counter-charge; to blame one’s victim

25. 猪卑狗险  <idiom> （a mean pig and a treacherous dog） mean and treacherous people

26. 猪不吃狗不闻  <idiom> food so unappetizing that even pigs and dogs won’t eat it

27. 豬多肉贱  <idiom> （the more pigs there are， the cheaper the pork） the more common things are， the less they are valued

28. 猪狗不如  <idiom> （worse than pigs and dogs） base; mean; despicable

29. 猪睏长肉，人困卖屋  <familiar> （just as a lazy pig gains weight， so a lazy person sells his house） laziness can ruin a family

30. 猪牛公馆  <derog> pig and cow mansions [farmers’ term for state farms]

31. 猪朋狗友  <idiom> （friends of pigs and dogs） gang of good-for-nothings

32. 猪头三牲  <old> 1.sacrifice of ox， sheep and pig 2.（generally refer to） sacrifice

33. 猪仔议员  <abus> swine assemblyman [members of the legislature in early Republic of China who were corrupted by bribes]

34. 一龙一猪<idiom> （a dragon and a pig） one person superior and another inferior （even with same background， etc）

35. 指猪骂狗  <idiom> （to point at the pig and curse the dog） to make a dig at sb; to criticize obliquely

的确，汉语中与“猪”有关的表达法实在太丰富了，诸如“猪丹毒”“猪都”“猪兜炮”“猪哥”“猪精”“猪龙”“猪仔国会”等词语的英文翻译，更待我们共同探索。                                                                                              □