寻根究底齐探究 巧用动词ing

兰州市教育科学研究所田黎供稿

动词的ing形式运用广泛，但有时也会让你感到困惑。作主语、作宾语、作定语、作状语、作表语……乍一看去，让人望而生畏，但只要用心体会、寻根究底、活学活用，你会发现它让英语语言变得更加生动。让我们一起来感受它的奥妙和规律，巧用动词ing！

一、重温课本，用心感悟

我们的英语课本中有很多动词ing的用法，一起重温这些句子，想想动词ing在句中的作用吧！

Tips:

◆动词ing作主语时，常被当作不可数名词使用。

◆其后接动词ing作宾语的动词有：practice、mind、miss、avoid、finish、keep、consider、suggest、admit、have fun、enjoy等。

◆常见的其他使用动词ing的固定搭配有：be busy doing…、have difficult/problem/trouble(in) doing、spend…(in) doing…、can’t help doing…、prefer doing…to doing…

◆动词其后既可接不定式，又可接动词ing，但意思不同的有：stop、remember、forget、try、go on等。

1. Smiling is a universal language.（冀教，Book 5，P.136）

作主语，相当于名词

2. I practised playing basketball for hours.（苏教，Book 5，P.54）

作动词宾语，相当于名词

3. I study for a test by working with a group.（人教，Book 5，P.1）

作介词宾语，相当于名词

4. In Ghana English is used as a working language.（外研社，Book 5，P.51）

作定语，相当于形容词

5. When I was a tiny baby crying all night, my mom sang to me.（人教，Book 5，P. 51）

作定语，相当于形容词

6. I am watching TV.（人教，Book 2，P.31）

和“am”一起构成现在进行时态（be＋Ving）构成谓语

7. There will be many exciting things waiting for you.（人教，Book 5，P. 110）

表示伴随、正在发生，作状语

8. No swimming.（外研社，Book 6，P.30）

No＋动词ing；表示“禁止做某事”

9. Did you go shopping?（人教，Book 3，P.3）

go＋动词ing；可以表示“去做某事”

10. While attending junior high, Spud tried out for the school team.（苏教，Book 5，P.50）

when/while＋动词ing；时间状语从句的省略

11. Today, the popularity of basketball has risen around the world, with many young people dreaming of becoming famous players.（人教，Book 5，P.46）

在with的复合结构中： 作介词宾语

with＋宾语＋动词ing，

表示主动、伴随。

二、走进考题，寻根究底

2017年的各地中考试题对动词ing的考查形式多样，让我们一起探索这些考查点的设计和应答思路吧！

1. The workers are busy ________ windows to the new building these days.（上海市，40小题）

A. fix B. fixed C. fixing D. to fix

［答案与解析］C 考查be busy doing sth.这个固定用法，表示“忙于做某事”。

2. Look! The boys are k______（踢）the ball around in the yard.（安徽省，93小题）

［答案与解析］kicking 考查现在进行时态的构成（am/is/are+动词ing）。

3. People in ancient times believed that the plant named dogwood could drive away evil spirits and prevent them from _______（catch）an illness in winter.（福建省，90小题）

［答案与解析］catching 考查介词宾语为动词时用其ing形式。

4. My father has fun ________（talk）with old people.（山东省潍坊市，第五大题，6小题）

［答案与解析］talking 考查have fun doing sth.这个固定用法，表示“乐于做某事”。

5. —I called you this morning, but nobody answered.

—I ________ flowers in my garden at that time.（青海省西宁市， 25小题）

A. watered B. was watering C. water D. am watering

［答案与解析］B 考查时态判断，根据句意可知，此句中at that time指“早上我给你打电话的时候”，为过去具体的某个时间点，句中应该使用过去进行时态（was/were+动词ing）。

6. …Without ________（think）more, the dad and his daughter will often get out of their car and pick the rubbish up along their rubbish collecting trip.（湖北省襄阳市，80小题）

［答案与解析］thinking 考查without的复合结构表伴随，think与其逻辑主语the dad and his daughter的关系为主动关系，故使用动词ing形式。

三、活学活用，举一反三

同学们，我们现在一起来挑战一下自己，请用动词的适当形式补全短文。

Thomas had never read much in his life and knew he was weak in _______ (read), so he practiced _______ (read) as much as he could. He hated _______ (write) in English too. As his grammar was quite weak, he can’t avoid _______ (make) grammar mistakes in his _______(write). He also planned to make himself busy _______ (write) as many essays as possible. As it turned out, Thomas actually really enjoyed _______ (study). He kept up his _______(study) for a number of months. Then came the time for Thomas to take the test. He couldn’t help _______(worry) before the test. Luckily, his teacher gave him some tips for ________ (take) tests. ______(think) of what the teacher told him, Thomas finished ______ (write) all his tasks after exactly 1 hour. Then came the time for his result. It’s not ________ (surprise) that he had been given a band 6, which showed he could now go and study abroad.