雷钦斯和博纳杜茨村社区工作空间，雷钦斯，瑞士

建筑设计：米夏埃尔·海米；米歇尔·瓦塞拉；诺贝特·马蒂斯

Architects: Consortium CREST AULT: Michael Hemmi, Haldenstein & Michele Vassella, Chur & Norbert Mathis, Chur

1 外景/Exterior view

2 总平面/Site plan

建筑师米夏埃尔·海米、米歇尔·瓦塞拉曾与诺贝特·马蒂斯联合组建事务所，能参加像雷钦斯社区工作空间这样的大型竞赛。这些建筑师对建筑材料充满信心，相信以当代的创新方式、利用传统建筑就能带来无限可能。

林地院落和带消防站的维护区位于博纳杜茨和雷钦斯这两座村庄之间。它位于建造区的尽头。这两座长长的建筑构成了阻挡强风的院落。主体建筑由垂直的木构件建成，即落叶松木板。这种木材出自两市的森林。对于这种耐久的木建筑，建筑师使用了月相木材（月木），其特性在于稳定、耐久、防火、坚硬、抗虫等。施工理念是对传统“井干”的现代演绎，即采用水平木条在角部交叉加固。这座建筑的榫接体系使消防站的车库仅为单层外墙成为可能。木条的尺寸是12cm×24cm，立在最小化的混凝土基础上。木构件为工字形，通过凹槽相互连接。

消防员的办公室和会客室有供暖，所以采用了内保温。两座高起的建筑从整体中凸出，并将其划分为不同的功能区。

对于露天车库，建筑师采用了不同的水平木料施工方式，甚至设计了木盐仓。通常这种设施会采用标准化和预制的构件。落叶松构件之间清晰可见的垂直开口、不同建筑体量的塑造，以及统一建筑材料的使用使建筑构成了一个精美细致的整体。（尚晋 译）

3 外景/Exterior view

The architects Michael Hemmi, Michele Vassella,who during the competition still had a joined office teamed up with Norbert Mathis to be able to participate in a larger competition like the communal work space in Rhäzüns. The architects trust in building materials and in the possibility one can gain if one uses traditional architecture in a creative contemporary way.

The wood courtyard and maintenance area with fire department is situated between the two villages Bonaduz and Rhäzüns. It is at the final end of the construction zone. The two long buildings form a courtyard which shelters from the strong winds. The main building is constructed out of vertical wooden elements. The main building is constructed out of wooden planks in larch. The wood comes out of the forests of the two municipalities. For this standing wooden construction the architects used moon phase wood (moon wood), which has specific qualities of stability, durability, fire resistance, hardness, resistance against vermin and the alike. The construction principal is a modern adaption of the traditional"Strickbau", which would be a horizontal constriction and interlink and stabilise the construction in the corners. The constriction system, which was developed for this building, made it possible to build the outside wall for the vehicle in the fire depot in one layer. The wooden planks have a dimension of 12 × 24 cm and are placed on minimal concrete fundaments. The wooden elements have an H shape and are interlinked with each other through shape slots.

The offices and the sitting rooms from the fireman are heated and therefore insulated from the inside. The two head buildings, which stick out, stricture the ensemble and divide it into its functions.

For the open carport the architects used different construction principles with horizontal wooden elements. The architects designed even the wooden salt silo. Normally such facilities use standardised and prefabricated elements. The visually very present vertical gaps between the lark elements,the sculptural use of different building volumes and the use of the same construction material binds the buildings together to a fine and precise ensemble.

4 首层平面/Ground floor plan

5 二层平面/1st floor plan

项目信息/Credits and Data

客户/Client: 博纳杜茨和雷钦斯市政府/Municipalities Bonaduz and Rhäzüns

结构工程/Structural Engineer: Walter Bieler

施工时间/Building Year: 2009-2010

摄影/Photos: Ralph Feiner

6 纵剖面/Longitudinal section

7 横剖面/Cross section

8 眺望/Overlook

评论

邹欢：这个位于瑞士山区小镇边缘的消防站远看去完全是一个田间谷仓——这正是许多瑞士建筑师的创作灵感源泉。由消防站功能决定的建筑平面布局和体型，用田间谷仓的传统建筑材料——竖条木板来实现，加入了混凝土的协助，平实朴素，符合消防站简洁高效的功能要求。所有的细节都由构造的逻辑来体现，材料颜色也未加修饰。但是建筑师并不满足于田间谷仓的简单复制，于是在连续的外墙面上通过一个简单的措施来加强设计感——错动角度的木板拼接形成一个有节奏感的立面，在阳光的照射下形成生动的有韵律的光影。胡恒：这样规模的建筑群采用全木外墙和屋顶，很有气魄，亦可见设计者的野心。概念有了，空间布置精当（平面太漂亮了），技术的配合也很完善，自然会出来好作品。不过，我看该设计的真正要点在露天车库。这排仓库类的功能性用房，按通常的做法是毋需多费心思，简单处理了事。但这里被设计的灿烂夺目，像一只文艺复兴时期的细木镶嵌的珠宝匣。停在里面的工程车，也像是一块块一串串珠光宝气的首饰、玩物，既华丽又可爱，意趣盎然。我想，这跟富庶与否或工业化程度关系不大，它表现出的是建筑理念的层级——即使是一个车库，它仍然是文明、文化的象征。

9 楼梯间/Staircase

Comments

ZOU Huan: Looking from a distance, this fire station which is located on the edge of a Swiss mountain town is nothing more than a field barn – a source of inspiration for many Swiss architects. The architectural layout and size that are determined by the fire station functions are achieved with the traditional building materials of field barns – wooden boards – with the assistance of concrete. It's plain, simple and efficient, which meets the functional requirements of fire stations. All the details are expressed by the logic of structure, and the colours of the materials are not modified. But the architect is not satisfied with a simple copy of a field barn, so he strengthens the sense of design by a simple treatment on the continuous outer wall – to form a rhythmic facade by putting together wooden boards with shifted angles, which forms vivid rhythm of light under the sunlight. (Translated by CHEN Yuxiao)

HU Heng: It is very courageous and ambitious for the architects to adopt entirely wood exterior walls and roofs for the building complex of this kind of scale. With the concept ready, the spatial layout is very delicate and appropriate, technical support is also optimized.Therefore, what presented is a beautiful work. However,I believe the real gist of the design is the open carport.Usually, this array of functional rooms similar to warehouses may not require so much deliberation. But they are designed so dazzling, like a jewelry box from the Renaissance cladded with fine wood slats. The fire trucks parked inside are like shiny pieces of jewelries and toys, which are gorgeous, cute and very interesting.I wonder this has little to do with wealth and the degree of industrialization. It is more likely an expression of the hierarchy of the architecture philosophy – even though it is a garage, it isnone the less a symbol of civilization and culture. (Translated by WANG Xinxin)

10 车库/Carport