巩 艺,周 根,王关炼,刘欢欢,刘雄利,周 英,俸婷婷
(贵州大学 贵州省药食两用资源应用开发工程实验室,贵州 贵阳 550025)
姜黄酮骨架双螺环吡咯氧化吲哚类化合物的合成及其抗白血病活性研究
巩 艺,周 根,王关炼,刘欢欢,刘雄利,周 英*,俸婷婷
(贵州大学 贵州省药食两用资源应用开发工程实验室,贵州 贵阳 550025)
本文以各种取代的靛红1、二烯酮3-烯基氧化吲哚2与脯氨酸或硫代脯氨酸,在有机溶剂乙腈中回流,进行1,3-偶极子3+2环加成反应,获得6个新型的姜黄酮骨架双螺环吡咯氧化吲哚类化合物 (3a~3f, Scheme 1),产率65~81%,dr值10∶1~15∶1, 其结构经1H NMR,13C NMR和HR-MS(ESI-TOF)表征。采用MTT法研究了3a~3f对人白血病细胞(K562)的体外抗肿瘤活性。结果表明:化合物3a对K562具有一定的抑制活性(IC50为27.9 μM), 接近于阳性对照药顺铂。
姜黄酮; 氧化吲哚; 环加成反应; 姜黄酮骨架双螺环吡咯氧化吲哚类化合物; 抗肿瘤活性
多官能团氧化吲哚广泛存在天然产物和合成药物分子中,其中,尤其3,3′-吡咯双螺环氧化吲哚因为具有广泛的生物活性,吸引了许多化学工作者及医药化学团队的广泛关注[1-4]。倍半萜姜黄酮Turmerone I,(S)-芳姜黄酮(S)-ar-Turmerone II是从姜黄的根茎分离出来,被报道具有细胞毒、抗炎,抗癌和抗蛇毒活性[5-8]。姜黄作为食品中的一种配料和调味品,也作为一种药物使用。因此, 根据药物设计中药效团和骨架迁越原理,鉴于3,3′-吡咯双螺环氧化吲哚骨架化合物和姜黄酮具有潜在的生物活性。因此,把姜黄酮骨架拼接到3,3′-吡咯双螺环氧化吲哚骨架,合成一系列新的潜在多活性官能团的氧化吲哚衍生物,可以为生物活性筛选提供化合物源,对药物的筛选和制药行业具有重要的应用价值。
本文以各种取代的靛红1、二烯酮3-烯基氧化吲哚2与脯氨酸或硫代脯氨酸,在有机溶剂乙腈中回流,进行1,3-偶极子3+2环加成反应,获得6个新型的姜黄酮骨架双螺环吡咯氧化吲哚类化合物 (3a~3f, Scheme 1),产率65~81%,dr值10∶1~>20∶1, 其结构经1H NMR,13C NMR和HR-MS(ESI-TOF)表征。采用MTT法研究了3a~3f对人白血病细胞(K562)的体外抗肿瘤活性。
Scheme 1
1.1仪器与试剂
WRS-1B型数字熔点仪;Bruker-400 MHz型核磁共振仪(CD3Cl为溶剂,TMS为内标); MicroTMQ-TOF型高分辨质谱仪。
所用试剂均为分析纯。
1.23a~3f的合成方法(以3a为例)
在反应管中依次加入64.4 mgN-甲基靛红1a (0.4 mmol),190.2 mgN-苄基二烯酮3-烯基氧化吲哚 2a (0.6 mmol),92.0 mg 脯氨酸(0.8 mmol)和10 mL乙腈溶液,回流反应6 h,TLC检测基本反应完全,直接上样经柱层析(洗脱剂:V(石油醚):V(乙酸乙酯)= 4∶1)纯化得化合物(3a)172.0 mg。
用类似的方法合成3b~3f。
3a:黄色固体,m.p.76.9-78.0℃;yield:81%,10∶1dr;1H NMRδ:1.41(s,3H),1.58(s,3H),1.69-1.76(m,2H),2.00-2.09(m,2H),2.28-2.32(m,1H),2.74(s,3H),2.76-2.79(m,1H),3.76(d,J=10.0Hz,1H),4.26(d,J=12.0 Hz,1H),4.90(d,J=12.0 Hz,1H),5.12-5.17(m,1H),5.43(s,1H),6.37(d,J=8.0 Hz,1H),6.58(d,J=4.0 Hz,1H),6.77-6.79(m,2H),6.83-6.86(m,1H),6.93-7.00(m,2H),7.08-7.15(m,3H),7.18-7.29(m,2H),7.43-7,45(m,1H),7.57(d,J=8.0 Hz,1H);13CNMRδ:20.3,25.9,27.0,27.4,30.9,43.6,47.6,64.3,65.7,66.9,78.1,107.8,108.0,121.7,122.0,123.5,124.8,125.5,126.8,127.3,128.2,128.3,128.4,128.5,129.5,135.5,141.8,143.9,155.1,175.0,176.3,196.1;HR-MS(ESI-TOF)m/z:Calcd. for C34H33N3NaO3{[M+Na]+} 554.2420, found 554.2424。
3b:黄色固体,m.p.76.4-77.9℃;yield:65%,15∶1dr;1H NMRδ:1.41(s,3H),1.58(s,3H),2.04-2.09(m,2H),2.20-2.26(m,2H),2.49-2.55(m,1H),2.67-2.70(m,1H),2.89(s,3H),4.54-4.62(m,2H),4.75(d,J=12.0 Hz,1H)4.93(d,J=12.0 Hz,1H),5.73(s,1H),6.08-6.10(m,1H),6.25-6.27(m,1H),6.53-6.57(m,2H),7.07-7.10(m,1H),7.17-7.21(m,2H),7.24-7.30(m,4H),7.70(d,J=4.0 Hz,1H);13C NMRδ:20.0,26.1,27.0,30.8,31.3,44.1,47.2,53.4,59.0,65.1,66.9,107.6,108.9,109.0,113.5,113.7,115.2,115.4,122.3,122.9,126.1,127.1,127.5,128.6,129.1,135.6,138.8,143.2,154.6,157.3,159.2,172.6,176.7,196.6;HR-MS(ESI-TOF)m/z: Calcd. for C34H32FN3NaO3{[M+Na]+} 572.2325, found 572.2325.
3c:黄色固体,m.p.118.2-119.8℃;yield:78%,10∶1dr;1H NMRδ:1.38(s,3H),1.56(s,3H),2.04(s,3H),2.00-2.07(m,2H)2.15-2.23(m,2H),2.53-2.58(m,1H),2.71-2.74(m,1H),2.91(s,3H),4.57-4.61(m,2H),5.04(d,J=12.0 Hz,1H),5.23(d,J=12.0 Hz,1H),5.71(s,1H),6.35-6.39(m,2H),6.51(d,J=4.0 Hz,1H),6.66-6.68(m,1H),7.05-7.08(m,1H),7.10-7.17(m,4H),7.22-7.25(m,2H),7.74(d,J=8.0 Hz,1H);13C NMRδ:18.6,19.9,26.2,27.0,30.8,31.2,45.4,47.3,53.4,59.2,64.9,67.3,107.4,118.7,121.4,122.1,123.0,123.7,125.6,125.7,126.4,126.8,127.5,128.6,128.8,133.2,138.0,141.1,143.3,154.2,172.9,178.0,196.9;HR-MS(ESI-TOF)m/z: Calcd. for C35H35N3NaO3{[M+Na]+} 568.2576, found 568.2573.
3d:黄色固体,m.p.184.2-185.8℃;yield:80%,10∶1dr;1H NMRδ:1.56(s,3H),1.57(s,3H),2.80(s,3H),2.89-2.93(m,1H),3.32-3.36(m,1H),3.57(d,J=6.0 Hz,1H),3.84(d,J=6.0 Hz,1H),3.88(d,J=6.0 Hz,1H),4.96(d,J=12.0 Hz,1H),5.10(d,J=12.0 Hz,1H),5.16-5.21(m,1H),5.53(s,1H),6.61(d,J=4.0 Hz,1H),6.77-6.79(m,2H),6.88-6.92(m,1H),7.03-7.05(m,2H),7.11-7.12(m,3H),7.25-7.28(m,1H),7.54-7.55(m,1H),7.65(d,J=4.0 Hz,1H);13CNMRδ:20.3,26.3,27.2,29.6,36.5,44.6,50.6,53.4,62.3,67.8,107.9,114.5,121.7,122.7,122.8,123.0,126.3,126.9,127.2,127.7,128.3,128.8,128.9,129.1,130.2,137.2,137.7,143.3,156.8,173.7,174.4,194.5;HR-MS(ESI-TOF)m/z: Calcd. for C33H30ClN3NaO3S{[M+Na]+} 606.1594; Found: 606.1595.
3e:黄色固体,m.p.124.3-126.5℃;yield:71%,14∶1dr;1H NMR (CDCl3,400 MHz)δ:1.23-1.25(m,3H),1.46(s,3H),1.63(s,3H),1.91(s,3H),2.10-2.13(m,2H),2.26-2.29(m,2H),2.51-2.55(m,1H),2.68-2.73(m,1H),2.91(s,3H),3.64-3.66(m,1H),3.81-3.84(m,1H),4.60-4.65(m,2H),5.79(s,1H),6.21(s,1H),6.52-6.58(m,2H),6.85-6.87(m,1H),7.12-7.17(m,1H),7.22-7.26(m,1H),7.77(d,J=6.0 Hz,1H);13C NMR(CDCl3,100MHz)δ:12.3,19.8,20.8,26.0,27.1,30.8,31.4,34.6,47.2,58.8,65.3,67.0,107.1,107.2,122.1,123.1,126.7,127.3,128.9,129.4,130.8,140.1,143.7,154.0,172.9,176.5,197.0;HR-MS(ESI-TOF)m/z: Calcd. for C30H33N3NaO3{[M+Na]+} 506.2420, found 506.2422.
3f:黄色固体,m.p.206.6-207.3℃;yield:70%,15∶1dr;1H NMRδ:1.23-1.27(m,3H),1.47(s,3H),1.64(s,3H),2.08-2.13(m,2H),2.22-2.28(m,2H),2.48-2.54(m,1H),2.70-2.75(m,1H),2.93(s,3H),3.62-3.68(m,1H),3.80-3.86(m,1H),4.58-4.62(m,2H),5.77(s,1H),6.37(s,1H),6.56(d,J=8.0 Hz,1H),6.61(d,J=8.0 Hz,1H),7.03-7.05(m,1H),7.14-7.18(m,1H),7.26-7.30(m,1H),7.76(d,J=8.0 Hz,1H);13C NMRδ:12.3,20.0,26.1,27.0,30.8,31.3,34.7,47.2,58.9,65.1,67.0,107.6,108.2,122.3,123.0,126.2,126.7,127.2,128.9,129.1,141.3,143.2,154.5,172.5,176.1,196.6;HR-MS(ESI-TOF)m/z: Calcd. for C29H30ClN3NaO3{[M+Na]+} 526.1873, found 526.1875.
1.3体外抗肿瘤活性测试
采用MTT法[9-12]测试了3a~3f对人白血病细胞(K562)的体外抗肿瘤活性,以顺铂为阳性对照药。
2.1合成
通过底物扩展,我们发现该反应的活性普遍较高,在极性溶剂乙腈中6 h内基本反应完全(TLC检测)。dr值通过粗核磁积分面积确定。靛红芳环上有取代基团时,dr值相对较高,但产率也相对较低。
2.2抗肿瘤活性
表1为3a~3f对K562的体外抗肿瘤活性。由表1可见,化合物3a对K562具有一定的抑制活性,接近于阳性对照药顺铂, 说明姜黄酮骨架双螺环吡咯氧化吲哚类骨架可以作为先导化合物骨架进一步研究。
表1 3a~3k的体外抗肿瘤活性Tab.1 In vitro antitumor activities of 3a~3f
合成了6个新型的姜黄酮骨架双螺环吡咯氧化吲哚类化合物(3a~3f),产率65~81%,dr值10∶1~15∶1, 其结构经1H NMR,13C NMR和HR-MS(ESI-TOF)表征。采用MTT法研究了3a~3f对人白血病细胞(K562)的体外抗肿瘤活性。结果表明:化合物3a对K562具有一定的抑制活性, 接近于阳性对照药顺铂, 说明姜黄酮骨架双螺环吡咯氧化吲哚类骨架可以作为先导化合物骨架进一步研究。其他相关药理活性的研究正在进行中。
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SynthesisandAnti-humanLeukemiaCellsActivitiesofTurmeroneMotif-fused3,3′-Pyrrolidinyl-dispirooxindoles
GONGYi,ZHOUGen,WANGGuan-lian,LIUHuan-huan,LIUXiong-li,ZHOUYing*,FENGTing-ting
(GuizhouMedicineEdicineEdiblePlantResourcesResearchandDevelopmantCenter,GuizhouUniversity,Guiyang,Guizhou550025,China)
Six novel turmerone motif-fused 3,3′-pyrrolidinyl- dispirooxindoles(3a~3f)were synthesized via a multicomponent 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition event of dienones 2 with azomethine ylides (thermally generated in situ from isatins 1 and proline or thioproline). The yields and dr of 3a~3f were 65%~81% and 10∶1~15∶1, respectively. The structures were characterized by 1H NMR, 13C NMR and HR-MS(ESI-TOF). The in vitro antitumor activities against human leukemia cells(K562) were demonstrated by MTT assays. The results showed that 3a exhibited well inhibition activities against K562, showing IC50 27.9 μM, and showed equipotent potent than the positive control of Cisplatin.
turmerone; oxindole; cycloaddition reaction; turmerone motif-fused 3,3′-pyrrolidinyl- dispirooxindoles; antitumor activity
·研究简报·
2017-06-22;
2017-09-15
国家自然科学基金资助项目(81660576; 81603390);贵州省教学改革创新项目(黔教研合JG字[2016]06); 贵州省中药民族药制药工程专业学位研究生工作站(黔教研合JYSZ字[2014]002);贵州省药食两用资源应用开发工程实验室(黔发改投资[2015]542号);贵州省高层次创新型人才培养(黔科合[2015]4032号);贵州省药食同源资源研究开发科技创新人才团队(黔科合人才团队[2015]4010号);贵州省药食同源植物资源开发工程技术研究中心(黔科合G字[2015]4001号)。
*
周 英,教授,博士生导师,主要研究方向:中药天然药研究;E-mail: yingzhou71@126.com。
R-33
A
1008-0457(2017)05-0070-04国际DOI编码10.15958/j.cnki.sdnyswxb.2017.05.013