肝癌组织miR- 148a表达变化及其与患者临床病理参数和术后早期复发的关系

2017-11-16 09:59周兴芹陈钟常仁安
山东医药 2017年36期
关键词:肝癌引物病理

周兴芹,陈钟,常仁安

(南通大学附属医院,江苏南通226001)

肝癌组织miR- 148a表达变化及其与患者临床病理参数和术后早期复发的关系

周兴芹,陈钟,常仁安

(南通大学附属医院,江苏南通226001)

目的观察原发性肝癌(HCC)组织微小RNA- 148a(miR- 148a) mRNA表达变化,并分析其与患者临床病理参数和术后早期复发的关系。方法选择HCC组织及其配对的癌旁正常组织各142例份,采用qRT- PCR法检测miR- 148a mRNA表达。分析HCC组织miR- 148a mRNA表达与患者临床病理参数及术后早期复发的关系。结果HCC组织miR- 148a mRNA相对表达量明显低于癌旁正常组织(P<0.05)。以142例HCC患者miR- 148a mRNA相对表达量的均数为截断值,将患者分为miR- 148a mRNA高表达者65例和miR- 148a mRNA低表达者77例。miR- 148a mRNA表达与肿瘤大小、微血管侵犯及TNM分期有关(P均<0.05),而与年龄、性别、肝硬化、血清AFP水平、HBV感染、组织分化程度及肿瘤数目无关(P均>0.05)。142例HCC患者中,早期复发88例、未复发54例。早期复发者miR- 148a mRNA相对表达量明显低于未复发者(P<0.05)。88例早期复发者中,miR- 148a mRNA低表达者55例、miR- 148a mRNA高表达者33例,miR- 148a mRNA低表达者早期复发率明显高于miR- 148a mRNA高表达者(P<0.05)。采用受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线评价miR- 148a mRNA预测HCC术后早期复发的价值,结果显示,miR- 148a mRNA预测HCC术后早期复发的ROC曲线下面积为0.710(95%CI:0.660~0.769,P<0.01),其cut off值为0.31,此时miR- 148a mRNA预测HCC术后早期复发的敏感性、特异性分别77.1%、71.8%。结论HCC组织中miR- 148a mRNA低表达,其表达变化与肿瘤进展有关。miR- 148a mRNA可作为HCC患者术后早期复发的预测因子之一。

原发性肝癌;微小RNA- 148a;临床病理参数;复发

全球范围内每年因肝癌死亡的患者约70万,其中我国约占50%[1]。目前,原发性肝癌(HCC)的治疗方法有多种。手术治疗仍是HCC的首选治疗方法,但术后易复发,术后2年内复发率为62.4%~77.8%,5年生存率较低[2~5]。因此,探讨HCC术后早期复发的分子机制,寻找准确预测HCC术后早期复发的肿瘤分子生物学标志物意义重大。微小RNA(miRNA)是一类由19~25个核苷酸组成的、高度保守的内源性非编码小分子RNA,可通过与目标基因mRNA的3′非翻译区结合,调控下游靶基因表达,继而发挥相应的生物学功能[6,7]。近年研究发现,miRNA与肿瘤的发生、发展密切相关[8,9]。miR- 148a是miRNA家族的成员之一,研究发现,其在胃癌、结肠癌及非小细胞肺癌等多种恶性肿瘤组织中低表达,具有抑癌基因作用[10~12]。但目前关于miR- 148a mRNA在HCC组织中表达的报道甚少,且其与患者临床病理参数及术后早期复发的关系尚不完全明确。2011年1月~2014年7月,本研究观察了HCC组织中miR- 148a mRNA表达变化,现分析其与患者临床病理参数及术后早期复发的关系。

1 临床资料

1.2 HCC组织及其配对癌旁正常组织miR- 148a mRNA表达比较 将手术切除的HCC组织及其配对的癌旁正常组织(距癌组织边缘≥2 cm)离体30 min内置于液氮中,再转入- 80 ℃低温冰箱中冻存。取部分HCC组织及癌旁正常组织,采用TRIzol法提取组织总RNA,紫外分光光度计检测总RNA纯度,OD260/OD280为1.8~2.0,琼脂糖凝胶电泳鉴定总RNA完整,符合实验要求。取总RNA 1 μg,按RNA逆转录试剂盒说明逆转录为cDNA,然后按qRT- PCR试剂盒说明进行PCR扩增。引物序列:miR- 148a上游引物:5′- ACACTCCAGCTGGGACAAA-GTTCTG- 3′,下游引物: 5′- CTCAACTGGTGTCGTGG-AGTCGGCAATTCAGTTGAGTCAGTGCAC- 3′;内参U6上游引物:5′- CTCGCTTCGGCAGCACA- 3′,下游引物:5′- AACGCTTCACGAATTTGCGT- 3′。PCR反应体系共25 μL:SYBR® Premix Ex TaqTMⅡ(2×)12.5 μL,cDNA 2 μL,上下游引物各1 μL,无酶水8.5 μL;反应条件:95 ℃预变性10 min,95 ℃ 15 s、60 ℃ 60 s共40个循环。以U6为内参,采用2-ΔΔCt法计算miR- 148a mRNA相对表达量。实验重复3次,取平均值。结果显示,HCC组织miR- 148a mRNA相对表达量为0.35±0.04,癌旁正常组织为1.00±0.02,二者比较P<0.05。以142例患者miR- 148a mRNA相对表达量的均数为截断值,miR- 148a mRNA高表达者65例,miR- 148a mRNA低表达者77例。

1.2 miR- 148a mRNA表达与HCC患者临床病理参数的关系 miR- 148a mRNA表达与肿瘤大小、微血管侵犯及TNM分期有关(P均<0.05),与年龄、性别、肝硬化、血清AFP水平、HBV感染、组织分化程度及肿瘤数目无关(P均>0.05)。见表1。

表1 miR- 148a mRNA表达与HCC患者 临床病理参数的关系[例(%)]

1.3 miR- 148a mRNA表达与HCC患者术后早期复发的关系 所有患者术后随访2年。术后1年内每2个月门诊或住院复查1次,术后1~2年每2~3个月复查1次。复查AFP、胸部X线、腹部B超,必要时进行CT、MRI或PET- CT检查。以术后2年内复发定义为早期复发。142例HCC患者中,早期复发88例、未复发54例。早期复发者和未复发者miR- 148a mRNA相对表达量分别为0.20±0.03、0.59±0.06,二者比较P<0.05。88例早期复发者中,miR- 148a mRNA低表达者55例、高表达者33例,miR- 148a低表达者早期复发率明显高于miR- 148a高表达者(P<0.05)。

1.4 miR- 148a mRNA表达预测HCC术后早期复发的价值 ROC曲线分析显示,miR- 148a mRNA表达预测HCC术后早期复发的曲线下面积为0.710(95%CI:0.660~0.769,P<0.01),其cut off值为0.31,此时miR- 148a mRNA预测HCC术后早期复发的敏感性、特异性分别为77.1%、71.8%。见图1。

2 讨论

图1 miR- 148a mRNA表达预测HCC患者术后早期复发的ROC曲线

目前关于HCC术后早期复发的分子生物学机制尚不完全明确,临床上缺乏特异性强、敏感性高地预测HCC术后早期复发指标。Budhu等[13]研究发现,Th2- dominant细胞因子与HCC术后早期复发有关;Woo等[14]利用基因芯片技术筛选出了12种与HCC术后早期复发相关的分子生物学标志物,但其预测效果均不令人满意。

miR- 148a是miR- 148a/152家族成员之一,定位于染色体7p15.2,其成熟体由22个核苷酸组成,含有一个包含8个核苷酸区域的种子序列。研究证实,miR- 148a在多种恶性肿瘤组织中表达下调,并可影响肿瘤细胞增殖、侵袭及迁移等生物学行为[10~12];其在胃癌组织中低表达,且在Ⅲ、Ⅳ期胃癌组织中的表达较Ⅰ、Ⅱ期明显降低,提示miR- 148a mRNA低表达与胃癌的恶性进展有关[15]。Szafranska等[16]研究发现,miR- 148a mRNA在胰腺癌组织中表达下调,miR- 148a mRNA低表达可造成其靶基因DNMT1表达升高,从而增加DNMT1对抑癌基因的过度甲基化,继而促进胰腺癌的恶性进展。Tsai等[17]研究发现,复发性结肠癌患者血清miR- 148a mRNA水平降低,并可作为结肠癌根治性切除术后早期复发的分子生物学标志物。

既往研究发现,miR- 148a mRNA在HCC组织中表达下调[18],过表达miR- 148a mRNA能够阻滞细胞周期,抑制HCC细胞增殖[19]。Heo等[20]研究发现,miR- 148a mRNA在HCC组织中表达下调,并与患者预后不良有关。本研究结果显示,HCC组织中miR- 148a mRNA表达降低,且早期复发者miR- 148a mRNA表达较未复发者显著降低,提示miR- 148a mRNA表达降低可能与HCC术后早期复发有关。本研究还发现,miR- 148a mRNA低表达与肿瘤大小、微血管侵犯、TNM分期及淋巴结转移有关,而与年龄、性别、肝硬化、血清AFP水平、HBV感染、组织分化程度及肿瘤数目无关。提示miR- 148a mRNA低表达与HCC患者病情及恶性进展有关。

目前,关于HCC术后早期复发的判定尚无明确标准。有学者将HCC术后2年内复发定义为早期复发[21,22],也有学者选择1年[23]甚至6个月[24]作为术后早期复发的界线。本研究将术后2年内复发定义为早期复发,术后随访发现,142例HCC患者中早期复发88例,且miR- 148a mRNA低表达者早期复发率明显高于miR- 148a mRNA高表达者。ROC曲线分析显示,miR- 148a mRNA表达预测HCC术后早期复发的曲线下面积为0.710,其cut off值为0.31,此时miR- 148a mRNA预测HCC术后早期复发的敏感性、特异性分别为77.1%、71.8%,提示miR- 148a mRNA对预测HCC术后早期复发有一定临床价值。

综上所述,HCC组织中miR- 148a mRNA低表达,其表达变化与肿瘤进展有关;miR- 148a mRNA可作为HCC患者术后早期复发的预测因子之一。

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ExpressionchangesofmiR- 148ainhepaticcarcinomatissuesanditsrelationshipswithclinicopathologicalparametersandearlypost-operativerecurrence

ZHOUXingqin,CHENZhong,CHANGRen′an

(AffiliatedHospitalofNantongUniversity,Nantong226001,China)

To observe the expression changes of microRNA- 148a (miR- 148a) in the primary hepatic carcinoma (HCC) tissues, and further to analyze its relationships with the clinicopathological parameters of patients and their early post- operative recurrence.MethodsQuantitative RT- PCR (qRT- PCR) were used to detect the relative expression of miR- 148a in 142 cases of HCC tissues and 142 cases of paired adjacent normal tissues. The relationships between miR- 148a expression and the clinicopathological parameters as well as early post- operative recurrence in HCC patients were analyzed.ResultsThe relative expression of miR- 148a was significantly lower in HCC tissues than in the adjacent normal tissues (P<0.05). The mean of the relative expression of miR- 148a in HCC tissues from 142 patients was set as cut- off value, thereafter, patients were categorized into the high- expression group (n=65) and low- expression group (n=77). The expression of miR- 148a was significantly associated with tumor size, microvascular invasion, and TNM stages (P<0.05), while was not statistically associated with age, gender, cirrhosis, serum level of AFP, HBV infection, histological differentiation, or tumor numbers (P>0.05). In the 142 HCC patients, 88 of them suffered from early post- operative recurrence, while the other 54 patients did not. The expression of miR- 148a was significantly lower in patients with early post- operative recurrence than that of those without recurrence (P<0.05). In the 88 patients with early post- operative recurrence, there were 55 cases of patients with low expression of miR- 148a and 33 patients with high expression of miR- 148a. The early recurrence rate was significantly higher in patients with low expression of miR- 148a than that of those with high expression of miR- 148a (P<0.05). Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to evaluate the predictive value of miR- 148a in early post- operative recurrence. Consequently, area under the curve was 0.710 (95%CI:0.660- 0.769,P<0.01), and the cut- off value of relative mRNA expression of miR- 148a was 0.31. Therefore, the sensitivity and specificity of miR- 148a expression in predicting early post- operative recurrence of HCC was 77.1% and 71.8%, respectively.ConclusionThe miR- 148a is low expressed in HCC tissues, and the expression change is associated with tumor progression. Moreover, miR- 148a can be taken as an effective predictive indicator for early post- operative recurrence of HCC.

primary hepatic carcinoma; micro RNA- 148a; clinicopathological parameters; recurrence

江苏省临床医学科技专项基金资助项目(BL2014060);江苏省“科教兴卫工程”医学领军人才和创新团队基金资助项目(LJ201134);南通市科技计划项目(MS22016041)。

周兴芹(1978- ),女,主治医师,主要研究方向为恶性肿瘤的分子生物学机制。E- mail: zhouxingqin666@126.com

常仁安(1975- ),男,副主任医师,主要研究方向为肝脏恶性肿瘤的诊治。E- mail: xuluzlk@yeah.net

10.3969/j.issn.1002- 266X.2017.36.003

R735.7

A

1002- 266X(2017)36- 0009- 04

2017- 02- 21)

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