刘鸿,李燕,卢彩兰
(山西医科大学第二医院,山西 太原 030001)
N端B型脑钠肽在脓毒症诊断中的价值
刘鸿,李燕,卢彩兰
(山西医科大学第二医院,山西 太原 030001)
目的:探讨N端B型脑钠肽(NT-proBNP)在脓毒症诊断和预后评估中的价值。方法:选择2013年4月—2014年3月收治的急性感染患者62 例,根据脓毒症诊断标准将患者分为一般感染组(9 例)和脓毒症组(53 例),再根据脓毒症的严重程度将脓毒症组分为脓毒症组(23 例)、严重脓毒症组(22 例)和脓毒性休克组(8 例)3 个亚组。于入院24 h内取静脉血,检测NT-proBNP水平,并进行急性生理学与慢性健康状况评分系统Ⅱ(APACHEⅡ)评分。采用单因素方差分析比较各组NT-proBNP水平与APACHEⅡ评分的差异;采用Pearson相关性分析法,分析NT-proBNP水平与APACHEⅡ评分的相关性;采用受试者工作特征曲线(ROC)评估NT-proBNP对脓毒症的诊断价值。结果:一般感染组、脓毒症组、严重脓毒症组和脓毒性休克组患者血浆NT-proBNP水平和APACHEII评分呈依次增高,且各组间比较,差异均有统计学意义;Pearson相关性分析结果显示:NT-proBNP水平和APACHEⅡ评分呈显著正相关(r=0.364,P<0.01);ROC曲线分析显示:NT-proBNP诊断严重脓毒症和脓毒症休克的ROC曲线下面积(AUC)为0.779(P=0.003)。截断值为333.50 pg/L时,敏感度为80%,特异度为59.4%,阳性预测值为0.80,阴性预测值为0.76。结论:血浆NT-proBNP水平可作为脓毒症患者诊断病情严重程度和预后评估的指标。
N端B型脑钠肽;脓毒症;急性生理学与慢性健康状况评分系统Ⅱ评分
脓毒症是由感染引起的全身炎症反应(SIRS),证实有细菌存在或有高度可疑感染灶[1]。脓毒症发生率高,死亡率高,治疗费用高,医疗资源消耗大,严重威胁着人类的健康,越来越引起大家的关注。N端B型脑钠肽(NT-proBNP)是目前心力衰竭的公认标志物,在心力衰竭、肺栓塞及由心肌缺血所致的心肌损伤中NT-proBNP水平升高[2-3]。近年来发现在严重脓毒症和脓毒症休克的患者中,NT-proBNP水平明显增高[4-5],并且与脓毒症休克患者的死亡率相关[6]。本研究将探讨NT-proBNP在脓毒症中的临床意义。
1.1 一般资料
选取2013年4月—2014年3月在我院急诊科收治的年龄在18~80 岁之间的急性感染患者62 例,将患者分为一般感染组9 例和脓毒症组(感染合并SIRS)53 例;根据脓毒症诊断标准[1],将脓毒症组患者分为脓毒症组23 例、严重脓毒症组22 和脓毒性休克组8 例3 个亚组。并且排除既往存在肾衰竭、心功能不全、肺源性心脏病、瓣膜性心脏病及急性冠状动脉性疾病患者。
1.2 方法
入选患者于入院24 h内取静脉血,检测NT-proBNP水平,并进行急性生理学与慢性健康状况评分系统Ⅱ(APACHEⅡ)评分。APACHEII评分:收集患者急诊入院24 h内各项生理参数和实验室检查结果,同时记录年龄及慢性健康状况。
1.3 统计学方法
采用单因素方差分析比较一般感染组、脓毒症组、严重脓毒症组和脓毒症休克组之间NT-proBNP水平与APACHEⅡ评分的差异;采用Pearson相关性分析法分析NT-proBNP水平与APACHEⅡ评分的相关性;采用受试者工作特征曲线(ROC)评估NT-proBNP对严重脓毒症和脓毒症休克的诊断价值。
2.1 四组患者血浆NT-proBNP水平和APACHEII评分比较
一般感染组、脓毒症组、严重脓毒症组和脓毒症休克组血浆NT-proBNP水平和APACHEII评分依次增高,且各组间比较差异均有统计学意义(见表1)。
表1 各组间血浆NT-proBNP水平和APACHEII评分比较
2.2 患者血浆NT-proBNP水平和APACHEⅡ评分相关性分析
患者血浆NT-proBNP水平与APACHEII评分呈正相关(r=0.364,P=0.004)(见图1)。
2.3 采用ROC曲线评估NT-proBNP对严重脓毒症及脓毒症休克的诊断能力
结果显示:NT-proBNP诊断严重脓毒症和脓毒症休克的ROC曲线下面积(AUC)为0.779,P值为0.003,有统计学意义(见图2)。截断值为333.50 pg/L时,敏感度为80%,特异度为59.4%,阳性预测值为0.80,阴性预测值为0.76。
图1 血浆NT-proBNP水平与APACHEII 评分的相关性散点图
图2 NT-proBNP诊断严重脓毒症和脓毒症休克的ROC曲线
脓毒症是急诊科临床工作中常遇到的急危重症疾病之一,脓毒症病情进展迅速,随着病情的进展,患者可出现心功能障碍,心肌抑制,左室射血分数(LVEF)降低及其他多脏器功能受损[7]。严重脓毒症和脓毒症休克仍是ICU病房中的主要死亡原因之一[8-9]。因此,脓毒症的早期识别、诊断和治疗十分重要。B型钠尿肽(BNP)是一种心脏分泌的神经激素,具有排钠、利尿、扩血管、抑制肾素和醛固酮的释放、抑制心室和血管肌细胞生长的作用[10]。B型脑钠肽包括BNP和NT-proBNP,是由脑钠肽前体蛋白分化而来,在心室壁张力或容量负荷增加时,心房、心室的心肌细胞和部分成纤维细胞分泌脑钠肽前体蛋白,脑钠肽前体蛋白之后裂解成含32 个氨基酸的有活性羧基片段(BNP)和含76个氨基酸的无活性的氨基末端片段(NT-proBNP),以1∶1的比例释放[10-11]。在心功能受损时,血浆NT-proBNP值超过BNP,作为早期心功能损害的标志物,NT-proBNP更为敏感[12]。本研究显示,脓毒症患者血浆NT-proBNP明显高于一般感染组,且随着脓毒症病情加重,NT-proBNP水平呈逐渐增高的趋势,并且与反映患者危重程度的APACHEⅡ评分呈正相关,表明血浆NT-proBNP水平能在一定程度上反映脓毒症的严重程度。脓毒症患者中NT-proBNP水平增高可能与心肌损伤、抑制以及心功能不全相关。NT-proBNP诊断严重脓毒症和脓毒症休克的ROC曲线下面积(AUC)为0.779(P=0.003)。说明血浆NT-proBNP水平在一定程度上可以作为诊断严重脓毒症和脓毒症休克的指标之一。
因此,临床医生可以通过检测血浆NT-proBNP水平,在脓毒症的诊断和严重程度判断方面得到预警。血浆NT-proBNP可以作为脓毒症诊断和严重程度判断的指标之一。
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ThediagnosisvalueofN-terminalbrainnatriureticpeptideinsepsis
LIU Hong,LI Yan,LU Cailan
(The Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University,Taiyuan 030001,China)
Objective:To explore the diagnosis and prognosis evaluation value of N-terminal brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) in sepsis.Methods:A total of 62 patients with acute infection were enrolled for this study in the Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University between April 2010 and March 2014.According to the diagnostic criteria of sepsis,the patients with acute infection were divided into general infection group (9 cases) and sepsis group (53 cases).According to sepsis severity,the latter group was divided into three subgroups:sepsis group (23 cases),severe sepsis group (22 cases) and sepsis shock group (8 cases).All the research objects in hospital were taken venous blood within 24 h.We detected the levels of NT-proBNP in each groups.Acute physiology and chronic health evaluation Ⅱ(APACHE Ⅱ) score was done in each groups.We used single factor analysis of variance to compare the difference of the NT-proBNP level and APACHE Ⅱ score between the groups.The relationships between NT-proBNP and APACHE Ⅱ score were determined with Pearson correlation analysis.The receiver-operating characteristic curves (ROC) of NT-proBNP were used to evaluate the diagnosis ability in severe sepsis and sepsis shock.Results:The levels of NT-proBNP and APACHEⅡscore of the general infection group,sepsis group,severe sepsis group and sepsis shock group increased in turn.Comparative differences between groups were statistically significant (P<0.05).Pearson correlation analysis results showded that the levels of NT-proBNP and APACHE Ⅱ scores is significantly positive related (r=0.364,P<0.01).The area under the ROC curve(AUC) of the NT-proBNP in the diagnosis of severe sepsis and sepsis shock was 0.779(P=0.003).When the cutoff value was 333.50 pg/L,the sensitivity was 80.0%,the specificity was 59.4%,the positive predictive value was 0.80 and the negative predictive value was 0.76.Conclusion:The plasma levels of NT-proBNP can be used as a indicator in diagnosis and severity evaluation in sepsis.
N-terminal brain natriuretic peptide;sepsis;APACHE Ⅱ score
曾敏(1985— ),女,四川省威远县人,主治医师,主要从事麻醉科临床工作。
1671-8631(2017)10-0730-04
R765.42
B
2017-05-03
(本文编辑:张荣梅)