中考英语常见话题作文写作指导

胡扬朋

所谓英语话题作文，指的是以提供一个有约束力话题的方式，限定写作范围，启发思考，激活想象力的一种命题形式。话题作文的本质是鼓励创新，是让考生围绕一个话题，从不同角度、不同立场陈述各自的观点，或联想到的经历、体验。本文结合2016年中考英语试题，谈谈常见话题的写作思路与方法。

一、绿色环保

绿色环保是当今社会人们关心的焦点和热点。绿色环保话题不但能够考查学生对现实生活的关心程度、对事物的观察能力，而且能够培养学生的环保意识，引导学生从我做起、从点滴做起。我们只要平时关心时事，勤于思考，注意信息的收集，遇到有关环保方面的话题就不会无话可说。

【真题再现】

（2016年连云港卷）为响应我市全面创建国家卫生城市的号召，某校开展了“绿色港城，健康生活”为主题的英语征文活动。请你以“The Green City， the Healthy Life” 为题，根据表格中的图片及文字提示，简要描述并适当发表自己的观点，写一篇英语短文。

注意：

1.词数90 左右，短文开头已给出，不计入总词数；

2.文中不得提及考生所在学校及自己的姓名。

The Green City， the Healthy Life

As a citizen of Lianyungang， its our duty to _______________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

【寫作点拨】

1. 这是一篇图表作文，要求根据所给的信息提示，以“The Green City， the Healthy Life”为题来写一篇夹叙夹议的文章。

2. 时态主要用一般现在时；要恰当使用表示能力的情态动词can。

3. 最后谈论自己的观点时要符合主题。

4. 基本素材：build a green city； live a healthy life； ride bicycles； reduce air pollution； put … into …； keep our city clean； protect the natural environment； in ones opinion； try ones best； It is our duty to do …； Its better for sb. to do ...

【参考范文】

The Green City， the Healthy Life

As a citizen of Lianyungang， its our duty to help build a green city so that we can live a healthy life. We can reduce air pollution by riding bicycles. Its better for us to put rubbish into the rubbish bin. In this way， we can keep our city clean. And wed better plant more trees to protect the natural environment.

In my opinion， Ill try my best to make our city cleaner and more beautiful. Firstly， I can save water by taking shorter showers. Secondly， I can save energy by turning off the lights when I leave the room. In a word， everyone can do something to make a difference.

二、文化风俗

不同的国家有不同的风俗文化，如在庆祝节日方式上，西方有圣诞节、复活节，而春节、端午节、中秋节则是我国重要的传统节日，这些都是同学们重点了解的内容，也是中考英语书面表达常常涉及的话题。

【真题再现】

（2016年泰安卷）假定你是李华，你的英国笔友Peter的学校网站“中国文化”栏目拟刊登中国节日风俗及中学生生活的短文。近期Peter给你写了e-mail约稿。请你根据以下要点回一封邮件。

1.对该栏目的评价；

2.介绍中国的中秋节；

3.你的建议和希望。

注意：

1.词数100左右，开头与结尾已给出，不计入总词数；

2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

Dear Peter，

Im very happy to receive your e-mail. _______________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours，

Li Hua

【写作点拨】

1. 这是一篇以电子邮件的格式向对方介绍中国的中秋节。根据内容提示，我们主要从三个方面叙述，重点要写好第二个要点，即介绍中秋节：节日的时间以及人们怎样欢度中秋节。

2. 时态主要用一般现在时。

3. 提出评价、建议或希望可使用“I think ...”“We believe ...”“I hope ...”等主从复合句。

4. 基本素材：successful； be good for； Let me tell you something about …； the lunar calendar； one of the most important festivals； get together； eat mooncakes； watch the moon at night； the symbol of reunion。

【参考范文】

Dear Peter，

Im very happy to receive your e-mail. I am interested in the column. I think the column is very successful and it is good for foreigners to understand Chinese culture. Let me tell you something about Mid-Autumn Festival in China. Mid-Autumn Festival is on August 15th of the lunar calendar. Its one of the most important festivals in China. All the family members get together for a big dinner that day. We usually eat mooncakes while watching the moon at night. We believe the full moon is the symbol of reunion. I think you can show more pictures about Mid-Autumn Festival in your column to show the festival. I hope that your program can be more and more popular.

Yours，

Li Hua

三、人物故事

寫人的书面表达就是通过对人物的具体描写，以典型的事例来反映人物的思想、性格、品质、作风等特点。写好此类记叙文应该从以下几个方面入手：出生年月、人物外貌、兴趣爱好、主要经历、工作态度、事迹或成就等。还可以加入一些对人物的评价，将所记叙的人物生动地表现出来。

【真题再现】

（2016年黄冈卷）自古以来，“友善”是中华民族的传统美德。英才国际学校广播台正在进行“我友好，我善良”系列人物介绍。请你根据下列表格提示和要求，写一篇介绍江明同学的文字稿。

[基本情况 姓 名 江明 班 级 九（3） 日常表现 1.文明礼貌，主动热情问候他人；

2.团结友好，能与他人和睦相处；

3.富有爱心，力所能及帮助他人。 具体事例 任选日常表现之一，举例介绍。 愿 望 做一个善良、有爱心的人。 ]

参考词汇：say hello to； make friends； kindness； get on well with； care about

写作要求：

1.词数不少于80（短文的开始语已给出，不计入总词数）；

2.内容完整，语言流畅，不要逐句翻译，可适当发挥；

3.短文中不得出现真实的姓名及校名。

Good morning， everyone！ Today I am glad to introduce a teenager. His name Jiang Ming.

______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

【写作点拨】

1. 本篇书面表达是要点提示类的写人作文。全文可分为三部分：首先介绍江明的基本情况及其日常表现的三个方面；接下来写一个具体表现，可以写乐于助人等感人的事例；最后写江明的愿望。

2. 第一部分和第三部分主要用一般现在时；第二部分用一般过去时叙述具体事件。

3. 正确使用适当的连词，如whenever，though等，力求内容连贯，语言流畅。

4. 基本素材：whenever； say hello to； be polite to； make good friends； get on well with； have problems with； be ready to； help out； try to do sth.； wish to be； full of kindness； do what he can。

【参考范文】

Good morning，everyone！Today I am glad to introduce a teenager. His name is Jiang Ming.

He is in Class Three， Grade Nine. Wherever he meets teachers or classmates， he is always say hello to them with a smile. He is polite to everyone. Because of his kindness， he has made many good friends and gets on well with them. Whenever we have problems with our schoolwork， he is always ready to help out. He often tries to help people who are in trouble.

One day， on his way to school， he found a boy crying at the corner of the street. He ran to him and helped him find his parents. Though he was late for school， he didnt feel sorry. What a good student！

（One day， I met with a very difficult math problem. I tried many ways to work it out， but failed. When I was about to give up， Jiang Ming came to my desk. He explained it to me clearly until I understood it completely.）

Jiang Ming wishes to be a man full of kindness， and to do what he can to help others.

四、饮食健康

饮食健康一直是人们关注的问题，也是日常生活中同学们最为熟悉的写作话题，所以无论是观点的表达，还是事理的分析，我们都会有话可说。这类话题主要包括食品介绍、吸烟与健康、酗酒与健康、快餐、饮食习惯与喜好等方面。從体裁上讲，这属于议论文体。我们在写作时，要注意分析评论一定要清晰，不拖泥带水。一般可采用举例说明、观点比较、因果分析等手法，做到有理有据，以理服人。

【真题再现】

（2016年来宾卷）请以“How to Keep Healthy”为题写一篇短文。从良好的生活习惯、适当的体育锻炼以及健康的饮食习惯等方面，为“how to keep healthy”提出良好的建议。

要求：

1. 表达清楚，语句通顺，意思连贯；

2. 不得使用真实的地名、校名和姓名等；

3. 词数：80左右。文章的开头与结尾部分已给出，不计入总词数。

部分参考词汇：熬夜stay up；垃圾食品junk food；均衡饮食keep a balanced diet；按时饮食have meals regularly

How to Keep Healthy

Nowadays， more and more people know the importance of keeping healthy ...

_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________. In this way， we can enjoy a happy life.

【写作点拨】

1. 本篇书面表达已经给出了标题、开头与结尾。提示中也列出了主要从生活习惯、体育锻炼和饮食习惯三个方面谈论怎样保持身体健康，难度并不大。同学们可根据保持身体健康的基本常识（如不吃垃圾食品、不熬夜、经常运动等）提出自己的建议。

2. 组织语言时，正确使用表示顺序的词语firstly， secondly， finally等，使得行文连贯流畅。

3. 时态用一般现在时，适当使用情态动词should或shouldnt。

4. 基本素材：It is necessary / important to do ...； keep a balanced diet； be supposed to do； it is better for us to do …； stay up late； get enough sleep； take regular exercise； such as； and so on； in a word； develop a good habit of …

【参考范文】

How to Keep Healthy

Nowadays， more and more people know the importance of keeping healthy. Here are three main ways to keep healthy.

Firstly， it is necessary to keep a balanced diet. We arent supposed to eat too much junk food. It is better for us to have more fruit and vegetables every day. Whats more， we are supposed to have meals regularly. Secondly， we shouldnt stay up too late. Getting enough sleep is also necessary. Finally， it is important to take regular exercise， such as swimming， jogging and so on.

In a word， we should develop a good habit of keeping healthy. In this way， we can enjoy a happy life.

五、物品介紹

物品介绍是中考英语书面表达常见的话题，属于说明文体裁。写作内容涉及生活与学习用品、科技产品等。写作时应注意以下几点：

1. 要抓住物品的基本特征，如外观、特点、性能、用途等。

2. 行文要条理清楚，层次分明，不能东一句，西一句。在动笔之前要想好先说什么，后说什么，再说什么。

3. 时态通常使用一般现在时，但也可能涉及过去时或将来时，应视具体情况而定。

【真题再现】

（2016年江西卷）书包伴我学习，伴我成长。某英文报以“My schoolbag”为题，举办中学生征文活动。请根据下列图表信息，写一篇短文。内容包括：书包的外形特征、用途和书包背后的课业问题以及课余你期望做的事情。

提示：

1. 短文应包括图表中的全部信息，条理清楚，行文连贯，段落分明；

2. 短文中不能出现真实的人名和地名；

3. 词数不少于80，开头已给出，不计入总词数。 [What it looks like] [What it is used for] [The problem your schoolbag may bring] [1. much schoolwork

2. ...] [The things you expect to do in your free time] [1. ...

2. ...] [My schoolbag]

My Schoolbag

I have a schoolbag. ___________________

_______________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

【写作点拨】

1.该篇书面表达属于图表类说明文。话题为考生非常熟悉的书包，难点在于由书包引出的课业问题以及由此引发的思考。

2. 写作时要按照思维导图提供的思路来写，全文可分为四段：第一段引出作文主题，介绍书包的外形；第二段介绍书包的用途；第三段描述书包带来了哪些问题；第四段列举自己期望在课余时间做的事情。

3. 人称使用第一人称和第三人称；时态用一般现在时。

4. 基本素材：

There are … in it.

finish lots of schoolwork； no enough time to sleep； be tired； relax oneself； expect to do sth.； I hope …； keep a balance between study and rest

【参考范文】

My Schoolbag

I have a schoolbag. It is big and green. It cost 50 yuan.

In my schoolbag， there are textbooks， workbooks， notebooks and a red pencil-box with pens， pencils， rulers and erasers in it. I put my drinking bottle in its side pocket.

As you know， there are so many books in my schoolbag in it， so its very heavy. Every day I have to finish lots of schoolwork. I have no enough time to sleep， so I am really tired.

I need to relax myself. I expect to do what I want. I want to listen to music or watch my favorite TV programs after school. I hope my parents will take me to visit some interesting place， which can make me get to know the outside world during holidays.

In a word， I have to keep a balance between study and rest.

六、关爱他人

在我们的生活中，关爱是很重要的。有时候一件小事，也会体现出“人间真情”，使我们体会到温暖。关爱不仅包括父母、老师、朋友、同学之间的关爱，也包括如希望工程、红十字会、医院等机构所体现出的社会关爱。这类话题通常以记叙文为表现形式，偶尔会有简单的议论。如果是记叙一次活动或事件，应用一般过去时，谈及个人感受时应用一般现在时。

【真题再现】

（2016年宁波卷）“传递爱心，服务他人”是文明社会所倡导的理念。狮子会（the Lions）就是一个以此为宗旨的国际性服务团体。杨敏是狮子会的一名成员，多年来她一直乐于助人。请根据提示用英语写一篇短文，向校刊的English World栏目投稿，简要介绍杨敏的事迹，然后谈谈你的观点和打算。

要求：

1.短文内容必须包含表格所提供的要点，可适当发挥；

2.文中不得出现真实的姓名、校名及地名；

3.词数：80 ～ 100（短文开头已给出，仅供选择使用，不计入总词数）。

From time to time，we are moved by the people and things around us. Yang Min is one of the persons I admire most. _________________

____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

【寫作点拨】

1.这是一篇图表作文，文章开头已给出，全文涵盖两项主要内容：一是介绍杨敏的事迹，可按提示内容进行叙述；二是谈自己的打算与观点。

2.介绍杨敏事迹时用现在完成进行时和一般现在时；谈打算时用一般将来时。

3.人称主要为第一人称和第三人称。

4.恰当使用besides，whats more等词语，使文章前后衔接紧密。

5.基本素材：as a member of …； has been helping others； besides； offer sb. sth. for free； be deeply moved by； start with small things around me； whats more； ask sb. to join me； small action； make a big different； those who need help。

【參考范文】

From time to time， we are moved by the people and things around us. Yang Min is one of the persons I admire most. As a member of the Lions， she has been helping others for many years.She goes to the old peoples home twice a month to cut hair， wash clothes and do some cleaning for them. Besides， on rainy days she offers people umbrellas or raincoats for free.

Im deeply moved by her story. Im going to start with small things around me. I plan to give books and clothes to children in poor villages. Whats more， Ill ask my parents and more friends to join me.

Small action can make a big difference. Lets work together to help those who need help.

七、安全教育

如今，安全教育已成了中小学教育的一个重要话题，近年来中考英语书面表达也常涉及这一热点。考查内容包括家庭安全、假期安全、校园安全、交通安全等方面。这些内容与日常生活有关，所以同学们都有话可说。写这类议论文时，应注意结构清楚，要阐明自己的观点，表明自己赞成什么，反对什么。

【真题再现】

（2016年桂林卷）在我们周围经常存在安全隐患，所以我们应该对安全问题引起足够的重视。请以“The Safety around Us”为题，写一篇英语短文，说说我们身边的安全问题。内容包括：

要求：

1. 文中应包括以上信息，可适当发挥，行文连贯，书写规范；

2. 文中不得出现涉及考生真实信息的人名、地名或校名等。

3. 文章词数在80至100之间。开头和结尾已经给出，不计入总词数。

The Safety around Us

Safety is very important for us students. Accidents often happen around us， so we must pay much attention to safety. At home， we should _______________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

If we can do all these well， well enjoy our life better.

【写作点拨】

1.本篇书面要求考生根据表格内的要点提示，写一篇议论文，标题、开头与结尾已给出。全文包括三个要点：在家里、在马路上、在学校分别要注意哪些安全问题。

2.行文时，注意正确使用祈使句的肯定式和否定式，以及should， must等情态动词。

3.基本素材：remember to do … before leaving home； too fast； while riding or walking； stay calm； as soon as possible； had better do sth.。

【参考范文】

The Safety around Us

Safety is very important for us students. Accidents often happen around us， so we must pay much attention to safety. At home， we should be careful with fire and electricity. Remember to turn off the power supply and gas holders before leaving home. We must obey the traffic rules on the road and dont ride side by side or ride too fast. Dont listen to music while riding or walking. Besides， dont push the others on the stairs when we are at school. Stay calm and call 120 as soon as possible if any accident happens. And wed better do some medical training， too.

If we can do all these well， well enjoy our life better.