2016年高考英语四川卷阅读理解题解析

林润浩

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中选出最佳选项。

A

Basketball Statistician Help Wanted

The Athletic Department is looking for students to help assist staff during the Fall 2016， Winter 2016-17 and Spring 2017 semesters. Students in this position will be keeping live statistics during basketball games. Students must meet all of the following requirements：

※Good computer skills

※Available evenings and weekends

※Knowing basketball rules and statistics

Students interested in working for the Athletic Department should contact the Athletic Coordinator at their respective（各自的） campuses.

※TP/SS Athletic Coordinator， Michael Simone， 240-567-1308

※Rockville Athletic Coordinator， Jorge Zuniga， 240-567-7589

※Springfield Athletic coordinator， Gary Miller， 240-567-2273

※Germantown Athletic Coordinator， Gauri Chavan， 240-567-6915

21. When will the job start？

A. In May 2016 B. In May 2017

C. In September 2016 D. In September 2017

22. Who is more likely to get the job？

A. Sam， English major， member of the college basketball team.

B. Judy， IT staff with night classes， childrens basketball team coach.

C. Ted， computer major， basketball fan， free on evenings and weekends.

D. Molly， part-time programmer， high school basketball player， new mother.

23. Whom should you contact if you want to apply for the job in Rockville？

A. Michael B. Jorge C. Gauri D. Gary

B

If you could have one superpower， what would it be？

Dreaming about whether you would want to read minds， see through walls， or have superhuman strength may sound silly， but it actually gets to the heart of what really matters in your life.

Every day in our work， we are inspired by the people we meet doing extraordinary things to improve the world.

They have a different kind of superpower that all of us possess： the power to make a difference in the lives of others.

Were not saying that everyone needs to contribute their lives to the poor. Your lives are busy enough doing homework， playing sports， making friends， seeking after your dreams. But we do think that you can live a more powerful life when you devote some of your time and energy to something much larger than yourself. Find an issue you are interested in and learn more. Volunteer or， if you can， contribute a little money to a cause. Whatever you do， dont be a bystander. Get involved. You may have the opportunity to make your biggest difference when youre older. But why not start now？

Our own experience working together on health， development， and energy the last twenty years has been one of the most rewarding parts of our lives. It has changed who we are and continues to fuel our optimism about how much the lives of the poorest people will improve in the years ahead.

24. What does the underlined part in Paragraph 2 refer to？

A. Your life style. B. Your life value.

C. Your trouble in life. D. Your life experience.

25. Why does the author say they are inspired every day？

A. They possess different kinds of superpowers.

B. They have got the power to change the world.

C. Some people around them are making the world better.

D. There are many powerful people in their life and work.

26. What does the author stress in Paragraph 5？

A. Learning more and contributing more to a cause.

B. Rising above self and acting to help others.

C. Working hard to get a bigger opportunity.

D. Trying your best to help the poor.

27. What can be inferred from the last paragraph？

A. The author believes the lives of the poorest will get better.

B. Much more progress will be made in the near future.

C. The work on health is the most valuable experience.

D. Peoples efforts have been materially rewarded.

C

In the depths of the French Guianese rainforest， there still remain unusual groups of indigenous （土著的） people. Surprisingly， these people live largely by their own laws and their own social customs. And yet， people in this area are in fact French citizens because it has been a colony （殖民地） of the French Republic since 1946. In theory， they should live by the French law. However， their remote locations mean that the French law is often ignored or unknown， thus making them into an interesting area of“lawlessness”in the world.

The lives of these people have finally been recorded thanks to the effects of a Frenchman from Paris called Gin. Gin spent five months in early 2015 exploring the most remote corners of this area， which sits on the edge of the Amazon rainforest， with half its population of only 250，000 living in its capital， Cayenne.

“I have a special love for the French Guianese people. I have worked there on and off for almost ten years，” says Gin. “Ive been able to keep firm friendships with them. Thus I have been allowed to gain access to their living environment. I dont see it as a lawless land. But rather I see it as an area of freedom.”

“I wanted to show the audience a photographic record touching upon the uncivilized life，”continues Gin.“I prefer to work in black and white， which allows me to show different specific worlds more clearly.”

His black-and-white pictures present a world almost lost in time. These pictures show people seemingly pushed into a world that they were unprepared for. These local citizens now have to balance their traditional self-supporting hunting lifestyle with the lifestyle offered by the modern French Republic， which brings with it not only necessary state welfare， but also alcoholism， betrayal and even suicide.

28. Why does the author feel surprised about the indigenous people in French Guiana？

A. They seldom follow the French law.

B. They often ignore the Guianese law.

C. They are separated from the modern world.

D. They are both Guianese and French citizens.

29. Gin introduced the special world of the indigenous Guianese as _________.

A. a tour guide B. a geographer

C. a film director D. a photographer

30. What is Gins attitude towards the lives of the indigenous Guianese？

A. Cautious. B. Doubtful.

C. Uninterested. D. Appreciative.

31. What does the underlined word“it”in the last paragraph refer to？

A. The modern French lifestyle.

B. The self-supporting hunting.

C. The uncivilized hunting.

D. The French Republic.

D

A warm drink of milk before bed has long been the best choice for those wanting a good nights sleep. But now a study has found it really does help people nod off—if it is milked from a cow at night.

Researchers have discovered that“night milk”contains more melatonin（褪黑激素）， which has been proven to help people feel sleepy and reduce anxiety.

The study， by researchers from Seoul， South Korea， involved mice being fed with dried milk powder made from cows milked both during the day and at night.

Those given night milk， which contained 10 times the amount of melatonin， were less active and less anxious than those fed with the milk collected during daytime， according to the study published in The Journal of Medicinal Food.

Night milk quickened the start of sleep and caused the mice to sleep longer.

While the effect of cows milk harvested at different time has not been tested on humans up to now， taking melatonin drugs has been suggested to those who are struggling to fall asleep at night.

Previous studies have also indicated that milk can be excellent for helping sleep because of the calcium content， which helps people to relax.

Milk is also sugar-free and additive-free with nutritionists recommending skimmed milk as the best choice before bed as it is the least fattening. The more fat you take in before bedtime， the greater burden you will put on your body at night.

32. According to the text， the mice fed with daytime milk_______.

A. started sleep more easily B. were more anxious

C. were less active D. woke up later

33. Which of the following is true of melatonin according to the text？

A. Its been tested on mice for ten times.

B. It can make people more energetic.

C. It exists in milk in great amount.

D. Its used in sleeping drugs.

34. What can be a suitable title for the text？

A. Night Milk and Sleep B. Fat， Sugar and Health

C. An Experiment on Mice D. Milk Drinking and Health

35. How does the author support the theme of the text？

A. By giving examples.

B. By stating arguments.

C. By explaining statistical data.

D. By providing research results.

答案与解析

（A）本文是招聘广告，属于应用文阅读篇章。本文的目的是要在该校学生中招聘一批篮球比赛数据统计员。文章分别介绍了该职位的详细要求和联系方式。

21. C 细节理解题。题干问的是工作开始的时间，根据文本内容可找到答案信息点在第一段的第一句，Fall意为秋季，众所周知秋季开学的时间应该为每年的9月份。故选C项。

22. C 细节理解题。由题干中的most likely可知题目问的是最合适的人选。文章第二部分介绍职位的详细要求可知该职位必须满足所有的要求，根据第二部分的信息于选项进行对比，不难得出Ted分别满足电脑知识，篮球兴趣及晚上和周末可工作全部条件，是最合适的人选，而其他人仅满足部分条件，故选C项。

23. B 细节理解题。由题干中的Whom should you contact可知答案信息点就在广告的最后一部分，即联系方式里，再由题干里的地点in Rockville，结合最后一部分的第二点可知Jorge是Rockville这个地方的联系人，故选B。

（B）本文是作者通过“你拥有超能力后会做什么？”这样的一个问题引入，论述了人们应该通过自己的日常行为，树立正确高尚的人生价值观，以此去更好的改变世界，改善生活。

24. B 词义猜测题。根据文章开始提到的Dreaming about whether you would want to read minds， see through walls， or have superhuman strength may sound silly， but it actually gets to the heart of what really matters in your life. 梦想着是否你想读懂心思，看穿墙，或有超能的力量，这些可能听起来是愚蠢的，可知but前面谈论的是人们的梦想，也就是观念，而but说明后面的内容应该跟前面的内容形成对照，but it actually gets to the heart of what really matters in your life. 但是它实际上是在你的生活中真正重要的核心，这个“核心”对照but前面的内容，也应该是一种观念。故选B。

25. C 细节理解题。根据第三段Every day in our work， we are inspired by the people we meet doing extraordinary things to improve the world. 可知作者说我们受到鼓舞是由于我们遇到的这些人都在做着一些非凡的事情去改善世界，故选C。

26. B 主旨大意题。根据题干中“stress”可知本题问的是第五段的重点，即主旨大意是什么。从第五段中But we do think that you can live a more powerful life when you devote some of your time and energy to something much larger than yourself. 译为“我们确实认为当你把你的一些时间和精力奉献给别人时，你就能过上一个更加强大的生活。”可知But是作者提出观点的关键词，此句应为全段的重点内容，故答案选B。而Find an issue you are interested in and learn more. Volunteer or， if you can， contribute a little money to a cause ... 等信息则为支持此观点的论据，而非重点内容。

27. A 推理判断题。根据最后一段最后一句It has changed who we are and continues to fuel our optimism about how much the lives of the poorest people will improve in the years ahead.译为“它已经改变了我们的身份地位，在以后的岁月里最穷苦的那些人的生活将会得到改善。”故选A。

（C）本文通过一个摄影师，向人们展示了法国的Guianese人不为人知的生活，和现代法国的生活风格给他们带来的影响。

28. A细节理解题。根据第一段第二句Surprisingly， these people live largely by their own laws and their own social customs. 译为“令人吃惊的是，这些人主要靠自己的法律和他们的社会风俗生活。”可知A项符合题意。

29. D 推理判断题。根据第四段 “I wanted to show the audience a photographic record touching upon the uncivilized life，”可知Gin想通过一项影视记录来展示这里的原始生活，由此推断他的身份应该是一名摄影师，故选D。

30. D推理判断题。根据第三段第一、二句“I have a special love for the French Guianese people. I have worked there on and off for almost ten years，”我对法国Guianese人有一个特殊的爱。我在那里工作了将近十年了。所以他对法国Guianese人是心存感激的，故选D。

31. A词义猜测题。根据最后一段最后一句 ... with the lifestyle offered by the modern French Republic， which brings with it not only necessary state welfare， but also alcoholism， betrayal and even suicide.，Guianese（这些当地居民现在不得不要平衡他们的传统的生活方式与现代法兰西共和国提供的生活方式，因为这样伴随着现代法兰西生活，既会带来必要的国家福利，也会带来酗酒、背叛和自杀等不良风气）可知。it替代the modern French lifestyle， 故选A。

（D）本文是一篇科普类说明文，通过提供科研结果，说明产于夜间的牛奶包含更多的褪黑激素，能帮助人们感到困倦和减少焦虑。

32. B细节理解题。根据第四段Those given night milk， which contained 10 times the amount of melatonin， were less active and less anxious than those fed with the milk collected during daytime可知喂了产于白天牛奶的老鼠应该更焦虑，故B项符合题意。

33. D 细节理解题。根据第二段melatonin 的特征描述句which has been proven to help people feel sleepy and reduce anxiety. 以及第六段taking melatonin drugs has been suggested to those who are struggling to fall asleep at night.可知符合melatonin特性正确的只有D选项，A， C项无提及，B项与文意相反，应排除。

34. A主旨大意题。根据第二段说明文主旨句Researchers have discovered that “night milk” contains more melatonin（褪黑激素）， which has been proven to help people feel sleepy and reduce anxiety. 研究者已经发现晚上牛奶包含更多的褪黑激素，这已经被证明能帮助人们感到困倦和减少焦虑。而说明文的题目必须体现全文的主旨句，可知A项符合题意。

35. D主旨大意题。此题为篇章结构理解题，属于主旨大意题类，根据第三段开头的The study，以及第七段开头的Previous studies，不难得知全文说明主旨大意作者所采用的方式是展示研究结果。故答案应选 D。

责任编辑 蒋小青