2016年高考英语全国甲/Ⅱ卷阅读理解题解析

甄红

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中选出最佳选项。

Whats On？

Electric Underground

7∶30 pm—1∶00 am Free at the Cyclops Theatre

Do you know whos playing in your area？ Were bringing you an exciting evening of live rock and pop music from the best local bands. Are you interested in becoming a musician and getting a recording contract（合同）？If so， come early to the talk at 7∶30 pm by Jules Skye， a successful record producer. Hes going to talk about how you can find the right person to produce your music.

Gee Whizz

8∶30 pm—10∶30 pm Comedy at Kaleidoscope

Come and see Gee Whizz perform. Hes the funniest stand-up comedian on the comedy scene. This joyful show will please everyone， from the youngest to the oldest. Gee Whizz really knows how to make you laugh！ Our bar is open from 7∶00 pm for drinks and snacks （快餐）.

Simons Workshop

5∶00 pm—7∶30 pm Wednesdays at Victoria Stage.

This is a good chance for anyone who wants to learn how to do comedy. The workshop looks at every kind of comedy， and practices many different ways of making people laugh. Simon is a comedian and actor who has 10 years experience of teaching comedy. His workshops are exciting and fun. An evening with Simon will give you the confidence to be funny.

Charlotte Stone

8∶00 pm—11∶00 pm Pizza World

Fine food with beautiful jazz music；this is a great evening out. Charlotte Stone will perform songs from her new best-selling CD， with James Pickering on the piano. The menu is Italian， with excellent meat and fresh fish， pizzas and pasta（面食）. Book early to get a table. Our bar is open all day， and serves cocktails， coffee， beer， and white wine.

21. Who can help you if you want to have your music produced？

A. Jules Skye. B. Gee Whizz.

C. Charlotte Stone. D. James Pickering.

22. At which place can people of different ages enjoy a good laugh？

A. The Cyclops Theatre. B. Kaleidoscope.

C. Victoria Stage. D. Pizza World.

23. What do we know about Simons Workshop？

A. It requires membership status.

B. It lasts three hours each time.

C. It is run by a comedy club.

D. It is held every Wednesday.

24. When will Charlotte Stone perform her songs？

A. 5∶00 pm—7∶30 pm. B. 7∶30 pm—1∶00 am.

C. 8∶00 pm—11∶00 pm. D. 8∶30 pm—10∶30 pm.

B

Five years ago， when I taught art at a school in Seattle， I used Tinkertoys as a test at the beginning of a term to find out something about my students. I put a small set of Tinkertoys in front of each student， and said， “Make something out of the Tinkertoys. You have 45 minutes today—and 45 minutes each day for the rest of the week.”

A few students hesitated to start. They waited to see what the rest of the class would do. Several others checked the instructions and made something according to one of the model plans provided. Another group built something out of their own imaginations.

Once I had a boy who worked experimentally with Tinkertoys in his free time. His constructions filled a shelf in the art classroom and a good part of his bedroom at home. I was delighted at the presence of such a student. Here was an exceptionally creative mind at work. His presence meant that I had an unexpected teaching assistant in class whose creativity would infect（感染）other students.

Encouraging this kind of thinking has a downside. I ran the risk of losing those students who had a different style of thinking. Without fail one would declare， “But Im just not creative.”

“Do you dream at night when youre asleep？”

“Oh， sure.”

“So tell me one of your most interesting dreams.” The student would tell something wildly imaginative. Flying in the sky or in a time machine or growing three heads.“Thats pretty creative. Who does that for you？”

“Nobody. I do it.”

“Really—at night， when youre asleep？”

“Sure.”

“Try doing it in the daytime， in class， okay？”

25. The teacher used Tinkertoys in class in order to ___________.

A. know more about the students

B. make the lessons more exciting

C. raise the students interest in art

D. teach the students about toy design

26. What do we know about the boy mentioned in Paragraph 3？

A. He liked to help his teacher.

B. He preferred to study alone.

C. He was active in class.

D. He was imaginative.

27. What does the underlined word “downside” in Paragraph 4 probably mean？

A. Mistake. B. Drawback. C. Difficulty. D. Burden.

28. Why did the teacher ask the students to talk about their dreams？

A. To help them to see their creativity.

B. To find out about their sleeping habits.

C. To help them to improve their memory.

D. To find out about their ways of thinking.

C

Reading can be a social activity. Think of the people who belong to book groups. They choose books to read and then meet to discuss them. Now the website BookCrossing.com turns the page on the traditional idea of a book group.

Members go on the site and register the books they own and would like to share. BookCrossing provides an identification number to stick inside the book. Then the person leaves it in a public place， hoping that the book will have an adventure， traveling far and wide with each new reader who finds it.

Bruce Pederson， the managing director of Book Crossing， says， “The two things that change your life are the people you meet and books you read. BookCrossing combines both.” Members leave books on park benches and buses， in train stations and coffee shops. Whoever finds their books will go to the site and record where they found it.

People who find a book can also leave a journal entry describing what they thought of it. E-mails are then sent to the BookCrossers to keep them updated about where their books have been found. Bruce Pederson says the idea is for people not to be selfish by keeping a book to gather dust on a shelf at home.

BookCrossing is part of a trend among people who want to get back to the“real”and not the virtual（虚拟）. The site now has more than one million members in more than one hundred thirty five countries.

29. Why does the author mention book groups in the first paragraph？

A. To explain what they are.

B. To introduce BookCrossing.

C. To stress the importance of reading.

D. To encourage readers to share their ideas.

30. What does the underlined word“it”in Paragraph 2 refer to？

A. The book. B. An adventure.

C. A public place. D. The identification number.

31. What will a BookCrosser do with a book after reading it？

A. Meet other readers to discuss it.

B. Keep it safe in his bookcase.

C. Pass it on to another reader.

D. Mail it back to its owner.

32. What is the best title for the text？

A. Online Reading： A Virtual Tour

B. Electronic Books： A New Trend

C. A Book Group Brings Tradition Back

D. A Website Links People through Books

D

A new collection of photos brings an unsuccessful Antarctic voyage back to life.

Frank Hurleys pictures would be outstanding—undoubtedly first-rate photo journalism—if they had been made last week. In fact， they were shot from 1914 through 1916， most of them after a disastrous shipwreck（海难），by a cameraman who had no reasonable expectation of survival. Many of the images were stored in an ice chest， under freezing water， in the damaged wooden ship.

The ship was the Endurance， a small， tight， Norwegian-built three-master that was intended to take Sir Ernest Shackleton and a small crew of seamen and scientists， 27 men in all， to the southernmost shore of Antarcticas Weddell Sea. From that point Shackleton wanted to force a passage by dog sled（雪橇）across the continent. The journey was intended to achieve more than what Captain Robert Falcon Scott had done. Captain Scott had reached the South Pole early in 1912 but had died with his four companions on the march back.

As writer Caroline Alexander makes clear in her forceful and well-researched story， The Endurance， adventuring was even then a thoroughly commercial effort. Scotts last journey， completed as he lay in a tent dying of cold and hunger， caught the worlds imagination， and a film made in his honor drew crowds. Shackleton， a onetime British merchant navy officer who had got to within 100 miles of the South Pole in 1908， started a business before his 1914 voyage to make money from movie and still photography. Frank Hurley， a confident and gifted Australian photographer who knew the Antarctic， was hired to make the images， most of which have never before been published.

33. What do we know about the photos taken by Hurley？

A. They were made last week.

B. They showed undersea sceneries.

C. They were found by a cameraman.

D. They recorded a disastrous adventure.

34. Who reached the South Pole first according to the text？

A. Frank Hurley. B. Ernest Shackleton.

C. Robert Falcon Scott. D. Caroline Alexander.

35. What does Alexander think was the purpose of the 1914 voyage？

A. Artistic creation. B. Scientific research.

C. Money making. D. Treasure hunting.

答案与解析

（A）本文是一篇由四则广告组成的应用文。分别介绍了一个讲座、一个喜剧演员的演出、一个喜剧演员的工作室以及一个有爵士乐和美食的好去处。

21. A 细节理解题。由题干的have your music produced（制作你的音乐）可找到答案信息点在第一则广告最后三句，“你是否有兴趣成为音乐人，得到录制唱片的合同呢？如果有兴趣，请晚上7点半来听Jules Skye的报告，他会谈到如何找到你的音乐制作的人。”故选A项。

22. B 细节理解题。由题干中的laugh在第二则广告中找到Gee Whizz really knows how to make you laugh，再由其前面一句This joyful show will please everyone， from the youngest to the oldest，可知Gee Whizz是最滑稽的单口喜剧演员（stand-up comedian），他的表演能够让所有人快乐，下至孩童上到老人（from the youngest to the oldest）。表演的地点是Kaleidoscope，故选B项。

23. D 细节理解题。由题干中的Simons Workshop可知答案信息点就在第三则广告里，由5∶00pm—7∶30pm Wednesdays at Victoria Stage可知，该活动每个星期三举办，故选D项。由5∶00pm—7∶30pm可排除B项，选项A和C，文中无信息支撑，是无中生有，应排除。

24. C 细节理解题。由题干中的Charlotte Stone可知答案信息点在最后一则广告中，由8∶00 pm—11∶00 pm Pizza World可知，选C项。

（B）本文是一篇记叙文。作为一名教师，作者用一种玩具培养孩子们的创造性和动手能力，其中一个孩子的创造性引起了作者的注意。

25. A 细节理解题。本题问作者在课堂使用Tinkertoys这种玩具的目的。由第一段第一句中的as a test...to find out something about my students可知，其目的是更多地了解自己的学生，故选A项。

26. D 推理判断题。第三段作者描述这个学生，说他特别有创造性（an exceptionally creative mind），故选D项，“他有想象力的（imaginative）”。

27. B 词义猜测题。由下文“冒着失去那些有不同的思考风格的学生的风险”可知，downside的含义应该是drawback“缺点”，而不是mistake“错误”，difficulty“困难”，burden“负担”。

28. A 推理判断题。在最后一段对话中，作者鼓励学生讲述他最有趣的梦，起因于有学生声明“But Im just not creative（但我就是没有创造力）”，由此推断，作者让学生讲述他们的梦，是为了帮助学生看到自己的创造性，故选A项。

（C）本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一个图书漂流的网站，该网站鼓励人们拿出自己的图书与他人分享，如今超过135个国家的一百多万人成为该网站的会员。

29. B 推理判断题。第一段首先说阅读是一种社会性的活动，谈到读书小组（book groups），然后作者用一个Now引出本书要说的话说：BookCrossing这个网站给传统的读书小组翻开了新的一页（turns the page on），可见作者介绍读书小组的目的是引出这个网站，故选B项。

30. A 词义猜测题。根据画线词所在句，即第二段最后一句句意可推知，it是指代前面的the book。将the book代入原句看前后是否通顺：主人把书留在公共场所，希望这本书会有一段不寻常的经历，即随着找到它（这本书）的每一位新读者云游四海。故选A。

31. C 推理判断题。由第三段可知，人们在看完一本书之后就把书留在公园的长凳、公共汽车、火车站或咖啡馆，下一位找到这本书的人就到网站上记录他们找到这本书的地点，由此推断应选C项“把书继续传递给另一位读者”。

32. D 标题归纳题。由第一段末句和最后一段最后一句可知，主要介绍了BookCrossing这个网站，这个网站现在有135个国家的一百万人，因此本文的标题应体现出“网站”二字，故选D项“一个通过书把人们联系起来的网站”。

（D）本文是一篇记叙文。1914年到1916年间，一群海员和科学家踏上了南极探险之路。结果他们在回来的路上发生 了海难，其中一个摄影师在临死之前拍摄了大量的照片，并把照片封存在破损的木船的冰块箱里。通过这些照片我们可以了解到那次不成功的探险经历。

33. D 细节理解题。由题干中的Hurley定位在第二段。由most of them after a disastrous shipwreck （海难）可知，多数照片是在海难之后拍的，即“记录了海难”，故选D项。由“这些照片即使是上个星期拍的也堪称佳作”可排除A项；选项B“拍摄的是海底景观”是无中生有，应排除；文中提到这些照片是摄影师拍摄的，而没有说是一名摄影师发现了这些照片，故排除C项。

34. C 推理判断题。题干问“根据这篇短文，第一个到达南极的是谁”。Robert Falcon Scott在1912年到达了南极；Shackleton在1908年到达南极100英里以内，但并未到达南极；Frank Hurley是受雇去拍照的；Alexander是创作the Endurance的一个作家。故选C项。

35. C 细节理解题。由题干中的1914 voyage 定位于最后一段倒数第二句。由to make money from movie and still photography可知，1914年航行的目的是赚钱（money making），故选C项。

责任编辑 蒋小青