2016年高考英语全国丙/Ⅲ卷阅读理解题解析

舒清海

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中选出最佳选项。

A

Opera at Music Hall：1243 Elm Street. The season runs June through August， with additional performances in March and September. The Opera honors enjoy the Arts membership discounts. Phone： 241-2742. http：//www.cityopera.com.

Chamber Orchestra：The Orchestra plays at Memorial Hall at 1406 Elm Street， which offers several concerts from March through June. Call 723-1182 for more information. http：www.chamberoch.com.

Symphony Orchestra：At Music Hall at Riverbend. For ticket sales， call 381-3300. Regular season runs September through May at Music Hall in summer at Riverbend. http：//www.symphony.org/home.asp.

College Conservatory of Music（CCM）：Performances are on the main campus （校园） of the university， usually at Patricia Cobbett Theater. CCM organizes a variety of events， including performances by the well-known Lasalle Quartet， CCMs Philharmonic Orchestra， and various groups of musicians presenting Baroque through modern music. Students with ID cards can attend the events for free. A free schedule of events for each term is available by calling the box office at 556-4183. http：//www.ccm.uc.edu/events/calendar.

Riverbend Music Theater：6295 Kellogg Ave. Large outdoor theater with the closest seats under cover（price difference）. Big name shows all summer long！Phone： 232-6220. http：///www.riverbendmusic.com.

21. Which number should you call if you want to see opera？

A. 241-2742. B. 723-1182.

C. 381-3300. D. 232-6220.

22. When can you go to a concert by Chamber Orchestra？

A. February. B. May. C. August. D. November.

23. Where can students go for free performances with their ID cards？

A. Music Hall. B. Memorial Hall.

C. Patricia Cobbett Theater. D. Riverbend Music Theater.

24. How is Riverbend Music Theater different from the other places？

A. It has seats in the open air.

B. It gives shows all year round.

C. It offers membership discounts.

D. It presents famous musical works.

B

On one of her trips to New York several years ago， Eudora Welty decided to take a couple of New York friends out to dinner. They settled in at a comfortable East Side cafe and within minutes， another customer was approaching their table.

“Hey， arent you from Mississippi？” the elegant， white-haired writer remembered being asked by the stranger. “Im from Mississippi too.”

Without a second thought， the woman joined the Welty party. When her dinner partner showed up， she also pulled up a chair.

“They began telling me all the news of Mississippi，” Welty said.“I didnt know what my New York friends were thinking.”

Taxis on a rainy New York night are rarer than sunshine. By the time the group got up to leave， it was pouring outside. Weltys new friends immediately sent a waiter to find a cab. Heading back downtown toward her hotel， her big city friends were amazed at the turn of events that had changed their Big Apple dinner into a Mississippi state reunion（团聚）.

“My friend said：‘Now we believe your stories，” Welty added. “And I said：‘Now you know. These are the people that make me write them.”

Sitting on a sofa in her room， Welty， a slim figure in a simple gray dress， looked pleased with this explanation.

“I dont make them up，”she said. Of the characters in her fiction these last 50 or so years. “I dont have to.”

Beauticians， bartenders， piano players and people with purple hats， Weltys people come from afternoons spent visiting with old friends， from walks through the streets of her native Jackson， Miss.， from conversations overheard on a bus. It annoys Welty that， at 78， her left ear has now given out. Sometimes， sitting on a bus or a train， she hears only a fragment （片断） of a particularly interesting story.

25. What happened when Welty was with her friends at the cafe？

A. Two strangers joined her.

B. Her childhood friends came in.

C. A heavy rain ruined the dinner.

D. Some people held a party there.

26. The underlined word“them” in Paragraph 6 refers to Weltys ________.

A. readers B. parties C. friends D. stories

27. What can we learn about the characters in Weltys fiction？

A. They live in big cities.

B. They are mostly women.

C. They come from real life.

D. They are pleasure seekers.

C

If you are a fruit grower—or would like to become one—take advantage of Apple Day to see whats around. Its called Apple Day but in practice its more like Apple Month. The day itself is on October 21， but since it has caught on， events now spread out over most of October around Britain.

Visiting an apple event is a good chance to see， and often taste， a wide variety of apples. To people who are used to the limited choice of apples such as Golden Delicious and Royal Gala in supermarkets， it can be quite an eye-opener to see the range of classical apples still in existence， such as Decio which was grown by the Romans. Although it doesnt taste of anything special， its still worth a try， as is the knobbly（多疙瘩的） Cats Head which is more of a curiosity than anything else.

There are also varieties developed to suit specific local conditions. One of the very best varieties for eating quality is Orleans Reinette， but youll need a warm， sheltered place with perfect soil to grow it， so its a pipe dream for most apple lovers who fall for it.

At the events， you can meet expert growers and discuss which ones will best suit your conditions， and because these are family affairs， children are well catered for with apple-themed fun and games.

Apple Days are being held at all sorts of places with an interest in fruit， including stately gardens and commercial orchards （果园）. If you want to have a real orchard experience， try visiting the National Fruit Collection at Brogdale， near Faversham in Kent.

28. What can people do at the apple events？

A. Attend expertslectures.

B. Visit fruit-loving families.

C. Plant fruit trees in an orchard.

D. Taste many kinds of apples.

29. What can we learn about Decio？

A. It is a new variety. B. It has a strange look.

C. It is rarely seen now. D. It has a special taste.

30. What does the underlined phrase“a pipe dream”in Paragraph 3 mean？

A. A practical idea. B. A vain hope.

C. A brilliant plan. D. A selfish desire.

31. What is the authors purpose in writing the text？

A. To show how to grow apples.

B. To introduce an apple festival.

C. To help people select apples.

D. To promote apple research.

D

Bad news sells. If it bleeds， it leads. No news is good news， and good news is no news. Those are the classic rules for the evening broadcasts and the morning papers. But now that information is being spread and monitored （监控） in different ways， researchers are discovering new rules. By tracking peoples e-mails and online posts， scientists have found that good news can spread faster and farther than disasters and sob stories.

“The‘if it bleedsrule works for mass media，”says Jonah Berger， a scholar at the University of Pennsylvania.“They want your eyeballs and dont care how youre feeling. But when you share a story with your friends， you care a lot more how they react. You dont want them to think of you as a Debbie Downer.”

Researchers analyzing word-of-mouth communication—

e-mails， Web posts and reviews， face-to-face conversations—found that it tended to be more positive than negative（消极的）， but that didnt necessarily mean people preferred positive news. Was positive news shared more often simply because people experienced more good things than bad things？ To test for that possibility， Dr. Berger looked at how people spread a particular set of news stories： thousands of articles on The New York Timeswebsite. He and a Penn colleague analyzed the“most e-mailed”list for six months. One of his first findings was that articles in the science section were much more likely to make the list than non-science articles. He found that science amazed Timesreaders and made them want to share this positive feeling with others.

Readers also tended to share articles that were exciting or funny， or that inspired negative feelings like anger or anxiety， but not articles that left them merely sad. They needed to be aroused （激发）one way or the other， and they preferred good news to bad. The more positive an article， the more likely it was to be shared， as Dr. Berger explains in his new book，“Contagious： Why Things Catch On.”

32. What do the classic rules mentioned in the text apply to？

A. News reports. B. Research papers.

C. Private e-mails. D. Daily conversations.

33. What can we infer about people like Debbie Downer？

A. Theyre socially inactive.

B. Theyre good at telling stories.

C. Theyre inconsiderate of others.

D. Theyre careful with their words.

34. Which tended to be the most e-mailed according to Dr. Bergers research？

A. Sports news. B. Science articles.

C. Personal accounts. D. Financial reviews.

35. What can be a suitable title for the text？

A. Sad Stories Travel Far and Wide

B. Online News Attracts More People

C. Reading Habits Change with the Times

D. Good News Beats Bad on Social Networks

答案与解析

（A）本文是一篇说明文，介绍了几个音乐会的时间、地点、特征、联系方式等。

21. A 细节理解题。根据命题的顺序原则和题干中的opera可知，答案信息点一定在第一段“Opera at Music Hall”，在这段中找到“Phone： 241-2742.”，可知如果要看歌剧，则打电话241-2742，对照各选项，选A。

22. B 细节理解题。由题干中的Chamber Orchestra去寻读，可知答案信息点在第二段，找到管弦乐队的表演时间from March through June（从三月到六月），对照各选项，只有五月符合，故选B。

23. C 细节理解题。带着ID cards寻读，可知答案信息点应在第四段中，即“College Conservatory of Music （CCM）”这段中；由该段第一句Performances are... usually at Patricia Cobbett Theater和第三句Students with ID cards can attend the events for free可知，学生可凭身份证免费在Patricia Cobbett剧院听音乐会，故选C。

24. A 细节理解题。由题干中的Riverbend Music Theater可知，答案信息点在最后一段，由第一句“Large outdoor theater with the closest seats under cover （price difference）.”可知，该乐队与其它乐队的不同之处在于它的有露天座位，故选A。

（B）本文讲述了作家Eudora Welty在纽约的朋友聚会上，遇到了两位陌生人。大家的交流对她的写作影响很大。她经常收集人们的所见所闻，写成故事。

25. A 细节理解题。由第三段...the woman joined the Welty party. When her dinner partner showed up，she also pulled up a chair可知，有两位陌生人加入到了Welty的饭局中，故选A。B项说“她儿时的朋友加入进来了”，文中只是说几个纽约的朋友；C项说“一场大雨毁掉了晚餐”，但是文中提到下大雨是在他们吃完饭离开的时候；D项说“一些人在那里举行了聚会”，文中未提及。

26. D 代词指代题。指代前文Now we believe your stories（现在我们相信你写的故事是真实的了）中的stories，故选D。

27. C 推理判断题。由倒数第二段“I dont make them up（这些故事不是我编造的），”“I dont have to（我不必编造）.”可见是来自生活；另外，最后一段具体讲述了她故事中人物来自各个阶层，故选C。A项说“他们生活在大城市”，与各个层次的人不符；B项说“他们大多是妇女”，而文中所述的people应包括男女；D项说“他们是快乐的追寻者”，文中未提及，属无中生有。

（C）本文介绍了在苹果节上的各种各样的苹果。虽说是Apple Day，其实该节日持续接近一个月的时间。在这段时间里，我们可以观看和品尝到各种苹果，包括稀有品种的苹果。

28. D 细节理解题。由第二段中的Visiting an apple event is a good chance to see， and often taste， a wide variety of apples可知，参加苹果节可以观看到并经常尝到各种各样的苹果。选项D中的many kinds of与文中的a wide variety of是同义转换。

29. C 推理判断题。由二段中的...it can be quite an eye opener to see the range of classical apples still in existence such as Decio which was grown by the Romans（见到现在依然存在的古典苹果，如罗马人种植的Decio，可以说是大开眼界）可知，由此判断Decio非常稀少。

30. B 词义理解题。由画线词所在句but youll need a warm， sheltered place with perfect soil to grow it， so its a pipe dream for most apple lovers who fall for it可知“需要温暧不当风的地方，且具有完美土质，才可以种植它，因此，对相信可以种植它的大多数苹果爱好者都希望落空”，由因（种植条件苛刻）推果（想种种不了），故选B。

31. B 作者意图题。由第一段第一句If you are a fruit grower—or would like to become one—take advantage of Apple Day to see whats around和第后一段第一句Apple Days are being held...可知，作者在介绍苹果节，故选B。

（D）本文是调查报告，结果表明社交网站上正面消息较负面消息更易传播。

32. A 细节理解题。由第一段第二句Those are the classic rules for the evening broadcasts and the morning papers可知，那些经典规则适用于新闻媒体，故选A，因News reports （新闻报道）是the evening broadcasts and the morning papers（晚间新闻和早报）的概括；第二段第一句“The‘if it bleedsrule works for mass media”进一步证实，选A。

33. C 推理判断题。由第二段第二、三、四句可知，像Debbie Downer这样的人是不体谅别人的人，故选C。

34. B 细节理解题。由第三段最后一句He found that science amazed Timesreaders and made them want to share this positive feeling with others可知，选B。

35. D 选择标题题。由首段But后的内容，特别是最后一句scientists have found that good news can spread faster and farther than disasters and sob stories，以及最后一段，特别是The more positive an article， the more likely it was to be shared可知，在社交网上正面消息比负面消息更易传播。故选D。

责任编辑 蒋小青