完成句子的步骤与方法

2015-10-24 13:18孙萌
高中生学习·高二版 2015年10期
关键词:虚拟语气短语句型

孙萌

完成句子题是考查同学们对英语基础知识的掌握和语法综合运用的题型,要求同学们在日常的英语学习中,加强积累,熟记词汇和动词短语,掌握语法的基本用法,并注重在语境中的运用。当然,从课本中的重难点句型中寻找规律,牢记一些经典的例句,对于同学们培养好的英语思维习惯和语感是非常有利的,也能为同学们的书面表达提供资源丰富的“养料”。

一、理解题意

完成句子题型由3个部分组成:英语句子、汉语提示和所需英语单词。同学们应先通读全句,迅速地捕捉到句子的大意并根据提示词确定考题的信息点和句型结构,同时注意英语和汉语表达方式的差异。

二、锁定考点

完成句子题型集中考查同学们的语法知识,如时态语态、情态动词、强调句、倒装、虚拟语气、形容词的比较级和最高级、各类从句以及特殊句式等。例如:

1. _______________(有生命的地方), there is hope. (life)

点拨 Where there is life。考查状语从句。

2. As students, we are supposed to work hard because only in that way ___________(才能实现我们的梦想). (live)

点拨 can we live up to our dreams。考查倒装句。

3. How I wish I __________________(能挣得一样多)as Bill Gates! (make)

点拨 could make as much money。考查虚拟语气。

4. There is no other area____________ (能够建房). (build)

点拨 where/in which the houses can be built。考查定语从句。

5. ________________(和中国相比),the United Stated has a much shorter history. (compare)

点拨 Compared to/with China。考查非谓语动词。

三、联想搭配

完成句子题型也比较注重对动词词组的考查,同学们在完成对句子结构的把握的同时也不要忽略了一些常用动词的固定词组搭配。例如:

1. The cell phone makes _____________(我们可能联系上) our family if necessary. (get)

点拨 it possible for us to get in touch with。联想到短语 get in touch with(取得联系)和make it possible for sb. to do sth.的句型。

2. It was __________________(直到我回家)I found I had lost my keys to the door. (come)

点拨 not until I came back home that。联想到not…until的强调句型,所以that不能遗漏。

3. I recommend this book——it ______________

(很值得一读) for a second time. (worth)

点拨 is well worth reading。联想到be worth doing 的结构。

4. As students, we are supposed to work hard because only in that way ___________(才能实现我们的梦想). (live)

点拨 can we live up to our dreams。联想到短语live up to.

5. _______________(装扮成)Father Christmas, the foreign teacher, gave away gifts to his students happily.

点拨 Dressed up as。联想到短语dress up。

四、正确形式

一般在做完题后,同学们要查漏补缺,如:是否用到所给词填写;结构是否合理;时态语态是否合乎语境;主谓是否一致;人称代词、名词的单复数以及单词拼写等是否正确等等。例如:

1. As is said, the list of the students admitted to the key university ______________(已经公布). (publish)

点拨 has been published。根据语境,句子要用现在完成时被动语态。

2. With ________________(所有学生坐下) in the hall, the visiting professor delivered an impressive speech on the art of language. (seat)

点拨 all the students seated。注意seat的正确形式。

3. The explanation ___________________(他没有及格)in the exam is unsatisfactory. (fail)

点拨 that he has failed。注意不要遗漏that.

4. When ________________(你方便)to come over to my company? (convenient)

点拨 is it convenient for you。注意convenient的用法。

5. _________________(没收到)a reply, he decided to write again. (receive)

点拨 Not having received。注意非谓语动词的否定形式not的位置。

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