如何在英语写作课中渗透“生本”思想

苑文明

如何在英语写作课中渗透“生本”思想

苑文明

【摘要】作者以新课程改革在中学的实施为背景，介绍了山西省平遥中学的课改模式，并用一节英语写作课的教学过程来说明如何渗透“生本”思想。

【关键词】课改方案；“生本”思想；素质教育；课堂组织模式；英语写作课

众所周知，高中新课程改革的核心理念是实施“素质教育”，而素质教育是“以生为本”，即以学生的发展为核心。所以，在教学的实施过程中，我们要将“生本”思想贯穿始终，即：发现人的价值，发挥人的潜能，发展人的个性（黄济、王策三2012）。理念的改变必然导致课堂组织形式以及教学方法发生质的变化。

班级授课制必然面临学生个体存在差异这一问题。要弥补差异，既要培养学生自我学习、自我教育、自我发展的能力，又要方便让学生学会讨论、合作和探究，学生合理分组围坐就成了课堂改革的实现基础（张卓玉2013）。随之，教师的教学要侧重传授、启发、引导、组织、过渡、提升、指导、咨询、监控和评价。

平遥中学作为山西省首批重点中学，积极响应高中新课改，适时制定了符合平遥中学校情的课堂教学改革方案。该方案以“围坐”和“学案”为实施前提，并确定课改指导思想为“坚持以人为本，以生为本，深入推进高中课程改革，促进教学方式、学习方式和评价方式的深刻变革，提高学生的自主能力和实践能力，培养学生的社会责任感、创新精神，促进学生全面而有个性的发展”，并构建了“目标引导”“自主探究”“多边互动”“点拨拓展”“训练加深”的教学模式，即“导、学、展、评、练”五环节教学模式。

作为平遥中学英语学科课改教研员，我将用一节英语写作课的教学过程来说明英语课如何渗透“生本”思想。

第一步，帮助学生改善写作

教师要让学生知道什么样的文章是好文章，好文章好在哪里。可以让学生对比以下两篇作文，通过分析、讨论，再达成共识，这样学生就能明了好文章应具备的特质，也就明确了这节课的教学目标。

A composition written by a student：Ladies and gentlemen，

Welcome to our school!①This village is very small. It has nearly 100 families and about 500 people. It used to be very poor.②It has changed a lot since 1978.③People here are richer than before. Now it is taking on a new look.

In the past，the school here was very small.④Now it has been rebuilt. The newly-built teaching building has 4 storeys . It is the most beautiful building in the village. All the school-age children can study here.⑤They enjoy free education in it.

⑥Thank you.

A sample composition：Ladies and gentlemen，

Welcome to our school!①This village is a small one with/which has nearly 100 families and about 500 people. It used to be very poor.②However，it has changed a lot since 1978 and has been developing very fast.③People here live a much betterlifethan before . Now it is taking on a new look.

In the past，the school here was very small and most children couldn’t afford to go to school.④But now it has been rebuilt and the newly built teaching building which has 4 storeys is the most beautiful one in the village. All the school-age children can study here.⑤W hat’smore，they enjoy free education.

⑥Mayyou enjoyyourstayhere/Mayyou haveapleasanttimehere! Thank you.

通过自主对比分析，组内合作交流，学生很容易得出改善文章的方向。一是要使用一些高级的词汇和短语，如live a much better life；二是添加一些过渡词或短语，如what’s more/however；三是要将有逻辑关系的句子通过加连接词（即使用从句）或改成非谓语形式连接起来。

第二步，让学生有意识地改写一些句子，锻炼和强化学生的思维

例1：Suddenly I thought out a good idea.

学生们给出如下改写方案：

Suddenly I came up with a good idea.

A good idea occurred to me suddenly.

A good idea hit/struck me suddenly.

A good idea crossed my mind suddenly.

例2：，the task was finished in only one week，which was beyond my expectation.

经过对句意的理解，学生们异口同声地给出了答案：Much to my surprise/astonishment。

例3：I had been to his house a few times. I started to get to know his family.

连接句子的方法学生很熟悉，即改非谓语形式或用合适的连接词进行连接。一会儿学生们就给出了答案：

After I had been to his house a few times，I started to get to know his family.

Having been to his house a few times, I started to get to know his family.

现在，学生们已经感受到了改变的力量，也更明确了改变的方向，笔者趁热打铁，给了学生一篇看图作文。

让学生们小组合作，进行探究，打造小组最强作文，同时引入竞争机制，看哪个组写得最好。学生的激情一下子被点燃了，一个个经典句子新鲜出炉。

Pic.1

A turtle was walking on the beach，when he suddenly found a“stone”.

Whilewalkingonthebeach，aturtlefounda“stone”.

Walking（Wandering/Strolling/Idling about）on the beach，a turtle found（came across/met with/ran into）a“stone”.

Pic.2

Because he felt curious，he patted the“stone”on the back.

Feeling curious，he patted the“stone”on the back.

With great curiosity，he patted the“stone”on the back.

Pic.3

It was another turtle which was having a rest.

It was another turtle having a rest.

Much to his surprise/astonishment，it was another turtle having a rest.

第三步，各组学生进行讨论并确定出最好的作文

A turtle is idling about on the beach，when he suddenly came across a“stone”. With great curiosity，he patted the“stone”on the back. Much to his astonishment，it was another turtle having a rest.

看到通过三方面（高级词汇、过渡词或短语，以及复合句或非谓语）的改善，作文马上旧貌换新颜，学生激动地欢呼起来。

第四步，反思

这节写作课，处处渗透着“生本”思想。学生们学习目标明确，在比较、分析、讨论、展示和练习实践中，改善并提高了写作意识。下课后，学生们充满成就感并信心满满，跃跃欲试想写一篇文章，展示自己的学习成果。课堂模式的改变让学生真正成了学习的主人，让其体会学习的过程，享受学习的成果。

引用文献

黄济，王策三.2012.现代教育论（第3版）[M].北京：人民教育出版社.

张卓玉.2013.构建教育新模式[M].湖南：湖南教育出版社，3-18

作者信息：031100，山西晋中，山西省平遥中学校，yuanwenming@sina.com

yuanwenming@sina.com

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