巧设情景 趣学语法

江晓萍

许多专家认为，即使在小学阶段，学生也需要一些语法知识帮助他们牢固、正确地掌握语言。巧设语法知识于故事、歌谣、游戏、歌曲等学生乐于接受的教学活动中，以精彩的情节、明快的节奏、丰富的形式、欢快的旋律充分激发学生学习兴趣，能让学生轻松感知语法意义，自然总结出语法形式，愉快地掌握语法知识，快速提高运用语言的能力。

一、巧设语法于故事中，以精彩的情节激趣

如理解“What can you do？ I can...Can you...？ Yes， I can. No， I cant.”等英语句子，教师可以先出示故事插图，并利用头饰、肢体语、模拟动物声音等方式讲故事。

Little Pig， Little Cat and Little Cow are friends and they want to go to the party in the wood. So they go to see Mr. Elephant. Mr. Elephant is an organizer.

Little Pig goes to Mr. Elephant and asks， “Excuse me， Mr. Elephant. Can I go to the party？”

Mr. Elephant asks，“Can you sing？”

“No， I cant.” Little Pig answers.

Mr. Elephant asks，“Can you dance？”

“No， I cant.” Little Pig answers.

Mr. Elephant asks，“What can you do？”

“I can eat.” Little Pig answers.

“Sorry， you cant.” Mr. Elephant says.（下略）

二、巧设语法于歌谣中，以明快的节奏激趣

如在教学人称代词的格时，我们可以编这样的歌谣。

My father is a doctor.

I love him so much.

He loves me， too.

My mother is a teacher.

I love her so much.

She loves me， too.

My father is a doctor.

My mother is a teacher.

They love me so much.

I love them， too.

三、巧设语法于游戏中，以丰富的形式激趣

如在学习in， on， under， behind， in front of， over， near等介词时，教师可以设置游戏“Where is Teddy Bear？”

T：（Put Teddy Bear into the teachers desk）Where is Teddy Bear？

Ss： Its in the teachers desk.

T： Right. Lets play a guessing game. You are divided into two groups. Group A and Group B.

One of you （Pointing to Group A ） does something in the classroom and one of you （Pointing to Group B） gets the action. If your guess is right， you can gain a point for your group.

S1 put Teddy Bear behind the door.

T： Come in， please.（Open the door and let S2 in.）

T： You have three chances to guess where Teddy Bear is.

T：（To all the students） Lets ask together.

Ss： Where is Teddy Bear？

S2： Is it in the bag？

Ss： （Laugh） No. Its not in the bag.

S2：（Look around） Is it under the chair？

Ss：（Laugh） No. Its not under the chair.

S2：（Look at the door， smile） Is it behind the door？

Ss： Yes. Its behind the door.

T： You are right. One point for Group B. Now its Group As turn to guess.

四、巧设语法于歌曲中，以欢快的旋律激趣

如学习现在进行时，教师可以先教会学生歌曲“THE OLD BLACK CAT IS SLEEPING”：The old black cat is sleeping. Sleeping， sleeping. The old black cat is sleeping， and I am sleeping too！也可以把cat换成dog， pig， cow等动物，学生一下子就能理解现在进行时所表示的意义，最后总结它的语法形式就不再是难题。

对于一些英语简单句的基本形式和表意功能，我们也可以让学生在歌曲中体会。

THE FEELING SONG

1. If youre happy， happy， clap your hands.

If youre happy， happy， clap your hands.

If youre happy， happy，

If youre happy， happy，

If youre happy， happy， clap your hands.

2. If youre sad， sad， sad， cry Boo hoo.

3. If youre surprised， surprised， surprised， raise your hands.

4. If youre angry， angry， angry， stamp your foot.

5. If youre scared， scared， scared， shout out loud.

6. If youre tired， tired， tired， close your eyes.

责任编辑 魏文琦