By+Anonymous
On 21st-century campuses, is thereroomstillfortraditional literature such as Shakespeare? A decliningnumber ofstudentsthink so intheUS.
In the humanitiesheyday of the mid-60s, more than 1 in 3 Stanfordstudentsmajoredin languages, literature, the arts, history, cultural studies and philosophy. By 1995, only about 1 in 10 did—a figure that hadnt changed much in a decade. Meanwhile, interest in engineering, math and computersciencehadclimbed.
This trend is echoed in five decades of data from other schoolssuchasHarvard,Princeton,BrownandYale.
At a Stanford appearance in 2010, Geoffrey Harpham, director of the National Humanities Center, said the humanities mustbereinvigoratedandarecriticaltothecountrysfuture.
But for students who came of age in the Great Recession, the siren song of science can be tough to resist. And as tuition costs rise, fewer seem willing to explore the question: How do I livealifeoftruemeaning?
An analysis by Georgetown University shows that over a lifetime, the earnings of workers who majored in engineering, computer science or business were up to 50 percent higher than theearningsofthosewhomajored in thehumanities, theartsand education.
“Shakespearewasntin itfor themoney. Ifyoureall about the money, I wouldnt go there,”said Debra Satz, associate dean for Humanities and Arts. But she added humanities students who go on to graduate school and land jobs in tech-intensive fieldsdojustfine.
Magdalena Barrera is a professor of American Studies in San Jose State University. She said theres pressure from the family to major in something practical and lots of students are puttingthemselvesthroughschool.
“Many dont recognize that skills like writing or critical thinkingcanopendoorstogoodentry-leveljobs,”shesaid.
在 21世纪的大学校园里,还有莎士比亚此类传统文学的空间吗?在美国,能给出肯定答案的学生数量越来越少。20世纪60年代中期正值人文学科鼎盛时期,斯坦福大学超过三分之一的学生主修语言、文学、艺术、历史、文化或哲学专业。而到了1995年,只有大约十分之一的学生选择这些专业了。这一数字在之后的十年里并无太大改变。与此同时,学生们对工程学、数学和计算机科学的兴趣与日俱增。
在哈佛、普林斯顿、布朗和耶鲁大学等学校过去50年的数据中,这一趋势也有所体现。
2010年,美国国家人文科学中心负责人杰弗里·哈珀姆现身斯坦福大学的时候就曾称,人文学科必须寻求复兴,这对美国的未来非常重要。
但对于那些在经济大萧条时期长大的学生们来说,来自理科的诱惑很难抵挡。同时,由于学费增加,很少有人愿意去探究像“我怎样才能获得真正有意义的人生”此类的问题。
乔治城大学的一项分析显示,在同样一生的时间里,主修工程学、计算机科学或商学的人的收入要比那些主修人文学科、艺术或教育的人高出50%。
“莎士比亚醉心于文学可不是为了钱。如果只是为了钱,我不会选择文科。”斯坦福大学人文艺术学院副院长黛布拉·赛兹说。但她也补充说,那些继续进修读研并在技术密集型领域工作的文科学生都做得很不错。
玛格达琳娜·巴雷拉是圣何塞州立大学的一名美国研究学教授。她说来自家庭的压力会迫使学生选择比较实用的专业,还有很多学生要自己负担学费。
“许多人并没有意识到,像写作或批判性思维这样的技能可以为你打开通往第一份心仪工作的大门。”玛格达琳娜说。endprint