英语形容词、副词高考考点扫描

吴元培

对形容词、副词的考查是高考一项重要考查内容，考查的方向主要体现在以下几个方面：

一、考查形容词、副词的作用与位置

形容词修饰名词，说明事物或人的性质或特征。常放在被修饰的名词前作定语，或放在系动词后作表语，放在宾语之后作宾语补足语。而副词则用来修饰形容词、动词、副词或句子，一般位于形容词之前，动词之后或句子之首。

1.形容词短语作定语，定语后置。

______ to take this adventure course will certainly learn a lot of useful skills.

A.Brave enough studentsB.Enough brave students

C.Students brave enoughD.Students enough brave Key：C

2.表语形容词well，unwell，ill，faint，afraid，alike，alive，alone，asleep，awake等作定语，定语后置；有些表身体健康状况的形容词，如：well，faint，ill只作表语；sick既可作表语又可作定语。

Tom sounds very much ______ in the job，but Im not sure whether he can manage it.

A.interested B.interesting C.interestingly D.interestedly Key：A

3.形容词用作定语，修饰不定代词时，通常后置。

There is something wrong with my computer.

4.else常放在疑问代词和不定代词之后，作后置定语。

I will never know what was on his mind at the time，nor will ______.

A.anyone B.anyone else C.no one D.no one else Key：B

5.enough，nearby修饰名词时前置或后置，enough修饰形容词、副词时，必须后置。

If I had ______，Id visit Europe，stopping at all the small interesting places.

A.a long enough holiday B.an enough long holiday

C.a holiday enough long D.a long holiday enough Key：A

6.几个并列的形容词作定语，其语序通常为：限定语（the，a，an）+所有格名词及其修饰语+序数词+记数词（two，several，other，many）+描绘性形容词+大/小/新/旧+形状+年龄/时间+颜色+国籍/来源+材料+目的+名词。

______ students are required to take part in the boat race.

A.Ten strong young ChineseB.Ten Chinese strong young

C.Chinese ten young strong D.Young strong ten Chinese Key：A

7.形容词用作补足语。

He is very popular among his students as he always tries to make them ______ in his lectures.

A.interested B.interesting C.interest D.to interest Key：A

8.形容词作状语，表示谓语动作发生时，主语所处的状态。

After the long journey，the three of them went back home，______.

A.hungry and tiredly B.hungry and tired

C.hungrily and tiredly D.hungrily and tired Key：B

9.副词用来修饰形容词、动词、副词或句子，一般位于形容词之前，动词之后或句子之首。

Although she did not know Boston well，she made her way ______ to the Home Circle Building.

A.easy enoughB.enough easy

C.easily enoughD.enough easily Key：C

10.副词的排列顺序。

（1）两个同一性质的副词用作状语放在一起，小单位放在前面，大单位放在后面。

My uncle lives ______ 103 Chaoyang Street in Beijing.His flat is ______ the tenth floor.

A.of；to B.on；at C.in；on D.at；on Key：D

（2）地点副词作状语一般放在前面，时间副词作状语放在后面。

Lincoln was shot at a theatre in Washington D.C on April 14th，1865.

二、考查对形容词、副词词义的理解与辨析

1.close与closely。

close意思是“近”；closely意思是“仔细地”。

It was raining heavily.Little Mary felt cold，so she stood ______ to her mother.

A.close B.closely C.closed D.closing Key：A

Watch him closely.

2.almost与nearly。

两者都可以修饰all，every，always等词，都可以用于否定句；但在very，pretty，not后用nearly，不用almost；在any，no，none，never前用almost，不用nearly。

I almost never see her.

not nearly意思是“远非”。

Im not nearly ready.

3.late与lately。

late意为“晚、迟到”；lately 意思是“最近”。

You have come too late.

What have you been doing lately？

4.deep与deeply。

deep意思是“深”，表示空间深度；deeply时常表示感情上的深度，意思是“深深地”。

He pushed the stick deep into the mud.

Even my father was deeply moved by the film.

5.high与highly。

high表示空间高度；highly表示程度，相当于much。

The kite is flying high.

I think highly of her opinion.

6.wide与widely。

wide表示空间宽度；widely意思是“广泛地”、“在许多地方”。

He opened the door wide.

English is widely used in the world.

7.free与freely。

free的意思是“免费”；freely 的意思是“无限制地”。

You can eat free in my restaurant whenever you like.

You may speak freely，say what you like.

三、形容词和副词的比较等级

1.原级的用法。

表示双方在程度、性质、特征等某方面相等时，用“as+形容词/副词原级+as”的结构；表示双方不相等时，用“not so（as）+形容词/副词原级+as”的结构；表示一方是另一方的若干倍时，用“倍数+as+形容词/副词原级+as”的结构。

He speaks English well indeed，but of course not ______ a native speaker.

A.as fluent asB.more fluent than

C.so fluently asD.much fluently than Key：C

2.比较级的用法。

（1）表示一方超过另一方时，用“比较级+than”的结构表示。

The number of people present at the concert was ______ than expected.There were many tickets left.

A.much smallerB.much moreC.much largerD.many more Key：A

（2）表示一方不及另一方时，用“less+原级+than”的结构表示。

Mary is less charming than Catherine.

（3）表示一方在程度或数量上超过另一方时，可在比较级前加程度副词even，a lot，a bit，a little，still，much，far，yet，by far等来修饰。

Youre driving too fast.Can you drive ______？

A.more slowly a bit B.slowly a bit more

C.a bit more slowly D.slowly more a bit Key：C

She is taller by far than her sister.

She is by far the taller of the two sisters.

（4）用“the+比较级+句子其他成分，the+比较级+句子其他成分”表示“越……越…… ”。

In recent years travel companies have succeeded in selling us the idea that the further we go，______.

A.our holiday will be better

B.our holiday will be the better

C.the better our holiday will be

D.the better will our holiday be Key：C

（5）用“比较级+and+比较级”的结构，表示自身程度的改变。

The weather is getting colder and colder.

The girl becomes more and more beautiful.

（6）某些以-ior结尾的形容词如：inferior（劣等的，次的），superior（较好的，优于……），junior（地位较低的、资历较浅的、较年幼的），senior（年长的、资格较老的、地位较高的、高级的）等进行比较时，连接词用to而不用than。

Mary is superior to Tom in physics.

（7）在比较从句中为了避免重复，我们通常用that（those）、one（ones）代替前面出现的名词。that指物，one既可指人又可指物。that可代替可数名词单数和不可数名词，而one只能代替可数名词。

The information on the Internet gets around much more rapidly than ______ in the newspaper.

A.itB.thoseC.oneD.that Key：D

句中information是不可数名词，用that 指代前面的information，以避免重复，故选D。

（8）倍数表达法。

a.主语+谓语+倍数+形容词或副词的比较级+than+比较对象

The car runs twenty percent faster than the motor.

b.主语+谓语+形容词或副词比较级+than+比较对象+by+倍数

Line AB is longer than Line CD by twice.

c.主语+谓语+倍数+as+形容词或副词原级+as+比较对象

Ten years ago the population of our village was ______ that of theirs.

A.as twice large as B.twice as large as

C.twice as much as D.as twice much as Key：B

d.主语+谓语+倍数+the+度量名词+of+比较对象

A rough estimate，Nigeria is ______ Great Britain.

A.three times the size as B.the size three times of

C.three times as the size ofD.three times the size of Key：D

3.最高级的用法。

（1）三者或三者以上相比，表示最高程度时，用“the+形容词或副词最高级”的结构表示。这种句式一般常有表示比较范围的介词短语。

Tom is the tallest of the three.

He works （the） hardest in his class.

（2）最高级可被序数词及much，by far，nearly，almost，by no means，not quite，not really，nothing like等词语所修饰。

This hat is by far/much/nearly/almost/not nearly/by no means/not quite/nothing like the biggest.

（3）favourite，excellent，extreme，perfect等表示“最高程度”的形容词，本身就表示最高级，不能用比较级。

Whats your favourite sport？

（4）形容词最高级修饰作表语或介词宾语的名词、代词时，被修饰的词往往省略。

He is the tallest （boy） in his class.

（5）作状语的副词最高级前可以不加定冠词。

Of all the boys he always leaves （the） latest.

（6）形容词和副词前面使用冠词的情况。

a.形容词最高级前一般要加定冠词，副词最高级前可加也可不加。

b.a most=very，表示“非常”。

This is a most interesting book.

c.如果是两个比较明确的比较对象，比较级前加the。

Of the two sisters，Betty is ______ one，and she is also the one who loves to be quiet.

A.a youngerB.a youngestC.the youngerD.the youngest Key：C

d.在same前一般要加the。

There at the door stood a girl about the same height as mine.

e.某些形容词与定冠词连用，可以泛指一类人或物。如：the dead，the living，the rich，the poor，the blind，the English，the Chinese。

The poor are losing hope.

The English have wonderful sense of humor.

（7）由as/so组成的形容词或副词短语。

a.as much as+不可数名词

I like this jacket better than that one，but it costs almost three times ______.

A.as much B.as many C.so much D.so many Key：A

b.as many as+可数名词

I have as many as sixteen reference books.

c.as early as早在

As early as the twelfth century the English began to invade the island.

d.as far as远到；就……，据……

We might go as far as the church and back.

As far as I know，he has been there before.

e.may （might）as well 意为“最好，还是……好……”

You may as well value what you have.

四、注意下列词语的用法

1.very和much的区别。

（1）可分等级的形容词和副词前使用very不用much。

（2）表示状态的过去分词前用very。如：a very frightened boy，a very tired child，a very complicated problem，一般情况下，以-ing，-ed结尾的分词多用much，very much，greatly等修饰。

We were greatly shocked by the news about Tom.

I was much amused by Jacks attitude.

（3）已转化为形容词的现在分词前用very。如：very interesting/worrying/exciting。

（4）too前用much或far，不用very。

You are much/far/a lot too nice.

另外，在too many/much，too few/little前用far。

Theres far too little opportunity for adventure these days.

Weve got far too many eggs and far too few egg cups.

2.关于原级形容词要记住下列固定的修饰结构。

（1）修饰绝对意义的形容词，一般不用very，而用quite，completely，well，entirely。如：quite wrong（mistaken，sure），completely dead，quite impossible，quite perfect等。

（2）修饰以a-开头的形容词，多用特殊的修饰词：quite alone，very much alone，wide awake，fast asleep，very much afraid。

（3）修饰一些特殊形容词的修饰语有：be well worth，much the same，freezing cold，quite different，terribly cold/frightening，wide open。