运动员在比赛时应该化妆吗？

The Olympic Games in Paris have provided many fashion moments. Competitors， chiefly in gymnastics and athletics， are making nails a big part of their look. Sha’Carri Richardson is the pioneer here. Her statement nails have long been part of her style. For the 100-metre heats on Friday， her nails were pointed， jewelled and brightly patterned.

Sportspeople have traditionally kept their on-field style minimal in a bid to focus on optimum performance， so the nails here have raised eyebrows. However， Dr Danielle Norenberg， the head of psychology at the UK Sports Institute， says they can actually give an edge： “ I’m all for helping athletes figure out how they’re going to express themselves through their performance in a way that enhances their strengths and supports their methods.”

Norenberg dismisses any idea that these nails will be difficult to perform in. “The athletes and the coaches themselves are considering their equipment to the absolute nth degree and they would not be taking a risk that would compromise their performance in that respect，” she says. “It wouldn’t even be a consideration at this level.” Sophia Haug， a nail artist who has worked with Richardson says that Richardson is “setting a new standard， saying you can express yourself and be bougie （追求时尚）and beautiful on the track”.

The majority of athletes exploring experimental hair and beauty at the Olympics are Black – nails like this have been part of Black culture since the 80s.

However， Black athletes are often judged more harshly for their looks. Simone Biles， who became the most decorated American gymnast ever this week， was criticised on social media for what some saw as a “messy” bun. She swiftly spoke out on Instagram， posting a selfie （自拍照）with the comment： “Gonna hold your hand when I say this Next time you wanna comment on a black girls hair. JUST DON’T.”

Claye says： “As a young Black girl， who’s familiar with the click-clackity of the beads in hairstyles， when I saw that in a mainstream light， especially in a sport that I didn’t see representation of me or people that look like me， it was gamechanger.”

（材料选自The Guardian，有删改）

1. Why has Sha’Carri Richardson attracted widespread attention compared to traditional athletes？

A. Because she is the champion of the 100m heats.

B. Because her nails were pointed， jewelled and brightly patterned.

C. Because she broke the world record.

D. Because she broke the rules of the competition.

2. What does the underlined word “dismiss” in paragraph 3 mean？

A. Refute. B. Defy. C. Denounce. D. Endorse.

3. How does Sophia Haug evaluate athletes doing nail art？

A. She believes that this is not conducive to athletes achieving good results.

B. She believes that this is a very common phenomenon.

C. She believes that athletes doing nail art is a way to break conventions and pursue individuality and freedom.

D. She believes that this is a foolish act of simply pursuing beauty.

4. What is the main idea of the 5 paragraph？

A. Simone Biles was criticized for posting selfies.

B. Black people are always discriminated against.

C. Black culture is always not supported.

D. Black athletes are often judged more harshly for their looks.

1. B。解析：细节理解题。材料第一段提到“Sha’Carri Richardson是这里的先驱。她的指甲一直是她风格的一部分。在周五的100米预赛中，她的指甲是尖的，镶着珠宝、图案鲜艳”，由此可知 Sha’Carri Richardson受到广泛关注的原因是她做了鲜艳、漂亮的美甲，故选B。

2.A。解析：词义辨析题。材料第三段的第二、第三句提到“运动员和教练们都在彻底考虑自己的装备，他们不会冒任何风险来影响自己在这一方面的表现，在这个层面上，做美甲甚至不会是一个考虑因素”。由此可知，“dismiss”是“驳斥、否定”的意思。A选项的意思是“驳斥、反驳”，B选项的意思是“违抗、藐视”，C选项的意思是“谴责、指责”，D选项的意思是“赞同、支持”，故选A。

3.C。解析：推理判断题。材料第三段的第三句提到，Sophia Haug认为“Sha’Carri Richardson是在建立新的标准，运动员即使在赛场上也可以美丽、表达自己”，由此推出运动员不应该因为在赛场上化妆而被批评和否定，每个人都有自己想要追求的东西，可能是时尚，也可能是个性与自由，故选C。

4.D。解析：主旨大意题。材料第五段提到Simone Biles因为“凌乱的发髻”的自拍照而被人们批评，第一句更是直接指出“黑种人运动员往往因外表而受到更严厉的评判”，故选D。