英语：书面表达题目解析及复习建议

一、应用文题目解析

2024年高考英语新课标II卷第46题要求考生化身“李华”，向英国好友写一封邮件，讲述其在公园上美术课的经历。“李华”的再次出现让我们意识到书信写作依旧是应用文考查的重点。

（一）主体分析

该作文题目凸显了“‘五育’并举全面发展”的宗旨，强调了在实践中发展美育的意图，使考生在考场写作的过程中不知不觉自修了一节美育课程，体现了高考潜移默化的育人功能。

“一节公园里的美术课”，这样的写作背景通俗易懂、真实亲切。“给英国好友Chris分享完成的作品和感想”，这种半开放式题目是出题人的高明之处，也是思维考查的核心，可谓“结合生活实际，强调学用融合互促”。

高考注重考察思维能力，描写什么可以给阅卷老师留下深刻印象，思考什么可以凸显出自己正确的三观，公园里又有些什么可以描绘呢？问题的出现是拓宽思路的第一步。公园里不仅有树木湖泊、花鸟鱼虫、小桥流水，还可以有锻炼身体的老年人、捡拾垃圾践行环保的儿童等。此外，高考还要考查学生是否具备坚实的英语语言能力以及综合运用能力。所以，如何用词行文是下一个重要环节。

（二）段落规划

题目中已经给出书信的格式和开头，需要考生重视补写文段与所给文段的衔接，同时要选取好自己想要描绘的内容，构思好对应的感悟。

（三）下水作文

Dear Chris，

I am writing to share with you an art class I had in the park last Friday. The seemingly simple experi原ence left me a very pleasant memory.

That day hardly had we arrived at the park when our art teacher asked us to find the most impressive scene and depict it on the drawing paper. Very soon my attention was attracted by a pair of white swans， which were swimming back and forth idly on the sur原face of the lake regardless of the up -and -down passers-by on the bank. So carefree were they that I even envied their relaxed life. Instantly I fished out my pen and drew the sight down.

Now the picture of this painting is attached to this email， with my hope that it can also offer you a peaceful and satisfied mood.

Yours，

Li Hua

（四）写作建议

一是审题：判断写作文体，关注目的对象，实施真实写作；二是草稿：思考段落架构，串接要点素材，使用丰富词句；三是检查：是否符合题目，是否内容连贯，是否拼写正确；四是誊抄：抄写避免错误，首先注意美观，也要留神时间。

二、读后续写题目解析

第47题要求考生阅读材料后，根据内容和所给段落开头语进行续写。

（一）文章概要

On a cold， wet evening in September， after my plane touched down in Vienna behind the time I took a taxi in a hurry for fear that I couldn’t catch up with the bus to Prague. Though we made it to the bus stop， I had no money to pay for the fare.

（二）续写构想

从续写第二段开头可知：四天后，“我”返回维也纳时，依据约定给Gunter打了电话。那么，二人之前是陌生人，唯一的交集就是“我”乘坐他的出租车后无法付费，所以四天后约见是为了付费。

那么第一段的续写方向是什么呢？这里给大家提供三种思路：第一，“我”主动请求四天后结束会议返回维也纳时还钱，Gunter同意。第二，Gunter主动提出下次见面再付并约好四天后见面。第三，Gunter提出不必付钱了，“我”虽感激，但提出四天后返回时再付，Gunter同意。

而第二段的写作思路应该比较一致：见面后，“我”表示感谢并且付了车钱。升华的方向可以是：The kindness from strangers makes the world warmer and more beautiful.

整体来看，这篇读后续写内容明确、逻辑清晰，比较容易得出结尾的升华方向。

（三）下水作文

I ran back to Gunter and told him the bad news. Awkward and hesitant， I forced myself to look him in his eye， breathing heavily and saying“Uh -huh... Gunter， I know this is a bit much for you， but since the machine is not working， would it be fine to pay you the money four days later？”His smile gave way to a look of concern. An embarrassing silence fell be原tween us. After what seemed a century， he said in a reassuring tone，“Oh， that’s fine！Wait a minute.”He took out his wallet and handed me some money，“Go catch your bus！”I boarded the bus， smiling and waving him goodbye.

Four days later， when I was back in Vienna， I called Gunter as promised. By appointment， we met at the same bus station. Upon seeing him again， I was just beside myself， too overjoyed to utter a syllable. Along with the money I owed to him， I presented him with a gift as a gesture of gratitude. He admitted that he didn’t anticipate to meet me again. He fished out the little phone once again， beaming a smile，“Let’s take a picture， my friend！”Till today， every time I see the photo， I think of the cold， wet and unforget原table evening when a stranger offered his trust and kindness！

（四）写作建议

不拐弯抹角，两段要直接衔接；不啰哩啰唆，行文要详略得当；不长篇对话，情节要合理推动；不新增人物，描写要分清主次；不单纯说事，描写要显出积累；不强行升华，结尾要自然正能。

三、书面表达复习建议

多种类型多积累，经典范文勤记忆。对于应用文写作而言，要注重积累不同类型的文章，且每类文章的范文至少积累三篇，以便更完善地了解其写作手法。其次就是多多朗读、认真记忆，掌握一些必要的开头结尾交际功能句。读后续写方面则要注重积累写作手法，遇到好的范文也要认真研究其情节设计、用词用句、结尾方式等。同时，可关注完形填空和读后续写题目中好的写作手法并记录在案，多多学习。

实操多练长经验，千锤百炼强自信。“Practice makes perfect.”只有在实践中不断摸索体会，才能练就娴熟的写作技能。练习应用文时要涉及多样的话题内容。而读后续写则要多阅读有着不同升华方向的文章，在练习中强化写作技巧，达到与续写原文主题、情节和语言协调一致的境界。

（作者单位：太原市第五中学校）

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