江文娟
插入语,顾名思义,就是在一个句子中间插入某 nese culture.个单词、短语或句子,使语意表达更紧密、连贯、流畅,富有表现力。它属于独立成分,通常被逗号隔开,不受句子主语的支配,与句子中的其他成分也没有语法联系,将其删掉后,并不会影响句子的整体结构,通常具有解释说明、承上启下、转移话题、吸引注意、强调突出、表明说话人态度等语言功能,是英语中的一种常见语言现象,也是高考试题中的考查热点。对此,笔者就高中英语中常见的几种插入语进行了剖析,以期同学们能够熟知和掌握。
一、介词短语作插入语
在英语中,介词短语可以用作插入语,常见的介词短语有:in a word(总之),in general(一般而言), inones view/opinion (在某人看来),in addition(此外),inconclusion(最后), in the first place(首先),as a matter offact(事实上), by the way(顺便提一下),to ones surprise/amazement(令人惊讶的是), on the contrary(恰恰相反)等。例如:
Its not difficult. On the contrary,its quite easy.
這并不难,恰恰相反,它容易得很。
In addition,I am good at communicating with othersand can tell Chinese stories in fluent English.
此外,我擅长与他人沟通,能用流利的英语讲述中国故事。
In my opinion, some of our parentssupport and helpare necessary, but we shouldntbe spoiled.
在我看来,父母的支持和帮助是必要的,但我们不应该被宠坏。
As a matter of fact, home is an eternal topic in Chi ?nese culture.
事实上,在中国文化中,家是一个永恒的话题。
To our amazement, all the things were sold out in ashort time.
令我们惊讶的是,所有的东西都在很短的时间内卖完了。
二、不定式短语作插入语
常见的可以用作插入语的不定式短语有:to behonest(老实说), to sum up(总而言之),to be frank(坦率地说),to be specific(具体来说), to start/begin with(首先), to tell you the truth(坦白说),to be precise(确切地说),to put it bluntly(坦率地说),to put it briefly(简单说来),to cut/make a long story short(长话短说)等。例如:
To tell you the truth, I didnt understand a word ofwhat you were saying.
坦白说,你说的我一点儿也听不懂。
To be precise, the train leaves at 9:11.
确切地说,这趟火车是9点11分发出。
To make a long story short,this experience is bothexciting and challenging.
简而言之,这种经历既令人兴奋,又具有挑战性。
To start with,we should do exercise to keep healthy.
首先,我们应该通过日常锻炼来保持健康。
To sum up ,if we try our best to improve these lifeskills, we will lead a happier and healthier life.
总之,如果我们尽最大的努力提高这些生活技能,我们将会过上更加幸福、健康的生活。
三、副词作插入语
副词也可以用作插入语,其位置灵活,可以在句首、句中或句末。常见的副词有:personally(就个人而言),luckily/ fortunately (幸运地是),strangely(奇怪的是), hopefully(有希望地是), frankly(坦率地说),certain?ly(无疑),naturally(自然),honestly(老实说),obviously/apparently(显然地), incidentally(顺便提一句)等。例如:
Obviously,a healthy lifestyle makes us have ahealthy, wealthy and wise life in the future.
显然,健康的生活方式可以让我们拥有一个健康、富有和聪明的未来。
Honestly, I often go to our community center to helpand cheer up the old people.
说实在的,我经常去我们的社区中心帮助和鼓励老人。
Certainly, the most representative cultural symbol ofBeijing is the Forbidden City.
毫无疑问,北京最有代表性的文化标志是紫禁城。
Personally, the biggest challenge last year was thenew way of learning during COVID-19.
就我个人而言,去年最大的挑战就是新冠肺炎疫情期间新的学习方式。
Fortunately,the rain stopped before we set out.
幸运的是,我们动身前雨停了。
总之,插入语的形式多样,在平时英语学习中,同学们要注意对插入语进行归纳总结,从而丰富语言积累,夯实语言基础,提高英语语用能力。
(作者单位:江苏省镇江心湖高级中学)