邹曼
《义务教育英语课程标准(2022年版)》倡导单元整体教学,明确了英语课程在培养学生文化素养方面的重要作用。如何挖掘英语教材中以中华优秀传统文化为载体的思政教育元素,让学生在单元整体学习中培根铸魂,厚植中华优秀传统文化呢?笔者以人教版PEP英语六年级下册Unit 3 Where did you go?为例,做具体阐述。
一、深度解读教材,凝练单元主题和目标
本单元的主題是“人与自我”,各个语篇谈论的都是个人的假期生活。基于此,笔者确定本单元以“Holiday”为主题,单元主题下设定3个小主题,并分课时实施教学,以确保局部目标与整体目标一致。
结合课程标准中的目标要求,笔者围绕“Holiday”教学主题确立了以下单元整体目标:①掌握本模块的重点单词、短语、句型,掌握一般过去式的用法;②能听懂、会说对话内容,能用自己的话复述对话内容,并在真实场景中运用;③能准确运用核心句型、词汇(如“Where did...? What did...? How did...? Who did...? When did...? How was...? Was it...? Did you...?”等)描述假期活动,能说出假期所获,能说明假期安排是否合理、如何记录假期生活等;④建立事物有两面性的概念,理解保持乐观心态的意义,在实践交流中发展综合语用能力,培养关心他人的品质。
笔者将单元大概念分解成3个小主题,确定了相应课时的板块内容及话题,并从整体目标中分解、细化出了相应的课时教学目标(见下表)。
二、融合思政元素,厚植中华优秀传统文化
语言的学习不仅仅是语言知识点的学习,更强调文化素养的培养。教师要引导学生学会发现、判断语言所反映的态度和价值观,使课程思政和智育双管齐下,促进学生全面发展。
本单元“B Read?and?write”材料没有直接体现思政教育的元素,教师可以关注语篇细节,进行深度挖掘。例如:在材料第2幅小图中,小狗Max捡到了Wu Binbin的帽子,体现了“拾到物品归还失主”;在第3幅小图中,Wu Binbin一家收留了流浪狗Max,体现了“关爱小动物”;描述Wu Binbin全家骑车郊游、品尝美食的文本内容,体现了“营造丰富、健康的周末家庭生活”;母亲吃了坏水果导致生病的文本内容,体现了“关注健康饮食”;全家人放弃外出游玩计划,留下来陪生病母亲的文本内容,体现了“关爱家人”;文本中提到的尽管行程有变,但大家并不伤心,反而找到了新乐趣的相关内容,体现了“乐观的精神”。
一节课中,如何将这6个思政教育元素与学科知识教学深度融合呢?
1.融合教学,润物无声
润物无声的思政教育方法常会起到好的育人效果。教师可以将上述思政教育元素用交际问答的方式融入学生的语言运用活动中。典型问答举例如下:①Wu Binbin is worried. Why? (He couldn't find his cap.)②Do you see the dog's family in picture 2? (So, the dog has no family.)③Did Max feel happy in Wu Binbin's family? (Yes, he did.) What would he say to Wu Binbin's mum? (Hi, thank you for adopting me!)④They stayed in the hotel. How did they feel? What did they want to do?(They felt bad. They wanted to make mum happy.)这样的问答训练可以激发学生对本文内容的深入思考,提升学生的思维品质,促进中华传统美德的传承。
2.择其一二,重点处理
思政教育元素内容庞杂,笔者重点选取了文本第二段的内容(母亲吃坏肚子,全家都留下来陪她),据此设计了一个话题——Care about your family,并以问题引领学生探析话题内容,升华思想认识。
课堂上,笔者先通过两个设问,引导学生走进文本第二段:Why did they stay in the hotel? How did they feel? 学生带着问题探究文本,发现“Wu Binbin's mum ate some bad fruit and didn't feel good. They felt sad and bad”。接着,笔者引导:“If you were Wu Binbin, how would you take care of your mum?”有的学生说“I wanted to take her to the hospital and take care of her”,有的学生说“I wanted to cook healthy food for her”,还有的学生说“I wanted to tell her a lot of interesting stories”。在推进语篇前,笔者设计了上述角色代入类任务,使学生站在Wu Binbin的角度思考,回顾实际生活中自己是如何照顾妈妈的,发挥了语言和思维的交互作用。然后,笔者追问:“What did they do?”学生再次走进文本,发现“They wanted to make her happy. They dressed up and made a funny play. Robin played the part of a dog”。最后,笔者引导学生紧扣文本,思考Wu Binibin一家人的情绪发生了怎样的转变。学生可以在文本中找出对应的语句辅助解答,也可以通过角色代入描述情绪,如“They were no longer sad. Because they tried their best to help his mum happy. So they laughed and laughed. If I were Wu Binbin's mum, I?would?feel?very?happy. So a bad day could also be a good day. This is the power of love, so we should also care about our families.”学生在潜移默化中感悟到关爱家人的重要性。
此外,通过笔者引导,学生还从文本学习中收获了调节情绪的方法,明白了意外与美好共存的道理,认识到要以乐观的心态面对意外,积极转换自己的想法、态度与行动。
3.由人及己,激发共情
为凸显本课的育人点——Care?about?your?family,笔者让学生以One day, I was ill为题,写出父母为自己做的事情(至少写5条)。学生认真回想,结合自己的生活和情感体验作答。这样做既强化了学生对一般过去时态的运用,又唤起了他们对父母的感恩之情。
(作者单位:黄石市新港园区金海管理区大塘小学)
责任编辑 刘佳