开间更新——雨儿胡同6号院，北京，中国

清华大学建筑学院可持续住区研究中心

客户：雨儿胡同6号院留住居民2户

主创建筑师：张悦，刘晓征，李桦，余旺仔

设计团队：张亦驰，郑伟，杜新颖，陈成，张颖然，田苗

产品设计：李桦，徐娜，游智文，黄文涛

照明设计：张昕，韩晓伟，周轩宇

智能设计：王昊，吴天际，徐珂

工程实施：纪佳霖，陈静，解雷

建筑面积：51.5m2

设计时间：2019.03

竣工时间：2019.07

摄影：陈溯

Client:Two households in Yu'er Hutong 6# courtyard

Principal Architects:ZHANG Yue,LIU Xiaozheng,LI Hua,YU Wangzai

Project Team:ZHANG Yichi,ZHENG Wei,DU Xinying,CHEN Cheng,ZHANG Yingran,TIAN Miao

Product Design:LI Hua,XU Na,YOU Zhiwen,HUANG Wentao

Lighting Design:ZHANG Xin,HAN Xiaowei,ZHOU Xuanyu

Electrical Design:WANG Hao,WU Tianji,XU Ke

Construction:JI Jialin,CHEN Jing,XIE Lei

Floor Area:51.5 m2

Design Time:2019.03

Completion Time:2019.07

Photos:CHEN Su

背景与挑战——从100到0.1

北京老城是“都市计划的无比杰作”。然而在近代，随着城市人口增长和房屋产权归属变化日趋复杂，老城呈现产权碎片化和人居环境质量低下。主要挑战包括居住面积狭小、基础设施破旧、院内违建等。

策略与设计——0.1+｜-0.05

“0.1+”开间是老城居民的基本房屋产权单元，也是中国传统木构建筑的基本空间单元，开间更新即在上述空间范围内通过预制装配式模块置入实现生活核心功能最大化集成，并提出具有普适可能性的居住户型改造方案。开间的尺寸具有一定规律，根据不同开间尺度和家庭情况，其内部空间设计可大致分为6 种类型。南锣鼓巷雨儿胡同6 号院现有留住居民两户，项目在北房进行了试点建设。

“-0.05”通过精细化设计提高空间利用效率和品质，实现自愿违建置换和减量提质发展。在6 号院L 家的试点中，通过户内复式家具置入，在不增加房本面积的基础上使空间复合利用效率提高24%，户主自愿拆除违建并获得了更舒适的现代化生活。营造庭院花园并以钢丝网对危墙进行保护隔离，开敞豁亮的院落焕发生机。

迭代与更新——从0.1到100

雨儿胡同6 号院采用装配式建造，在院落内严苛的施工条件和紧张的工期要求下施工速度快、无噪音，对邻里影响小，具有低成本、批量生产和推广的可能性。以技术和政策创新赋能“0.1+”和“-0.05”不断迭代，最终推进北京老城整体保护和人居环境改善。

Context and Challenges:From 100 to 0.1

Beijing's old city is an unparalleled masterpiece of city planning.However,the growth of urban population and the increasingly complex property rights since the modern era has led to the fragmentation and dilapidation of housing stock in the historic neighbourhoods.The prominent challenges include confined living space,shabby infrastructure and unauthorized constructions in the courtyard.

Strategy and Designs:0.1+∣-0.05

"0.1+":The Modular-bay is the basic unit of the housing property and a traditional Chinese timber column building.The Modular-bay upgrading is to insert prefabricated functional modules to maximize the integration of core living functions and to design the upgrading prototypes that can adapt to all modular-bay sizes.The specific size modes that Modular-bays follow and different households need has led to six applicable prototype products.We completed a pilot project in the north building in Yu'er Hutong 6# courtyard at Nanluoguxiang,where two households remained after the voluntary relocation.

"-0.05":The refined high-quality design helps residents utilize the space with efficiency and to fulfil their individual needs,encouraging voluntary replacement of unauthorized construction into space-conscious homes.In Mrs.L's home in the 6# courtyard,the space utilization efficiency was increased by 24% after upgrading,and she removed all unauthorized constructions and enjoyed a healthier modern life.Also,steel mesh wall was used to protect and isolate the dilapidated wall,and the courtyard garden is vibrant again with restored sunshine and ventilation.

1 区位图 Location

2.3 室内改造前 Interior view before renovation

4 室内改造后 Interior view after renovation

5 开间更新户型方案 Modular-bay upgrading house type plans

6 院落改造前 Courtyard before renovation

7 庭院花园 Courtyard garden

8 胡同立面改造后 Hutong façade after renovation

Replicating and Regeneration:From 0.1 to 100

Showing high speed and low noise,the prefabricated construction in Yu'er Hutong 6# courtyard has successfully coped with strict construction conditions and tight construction schedule and minimized interruption to the neighbourhood.The Modular-bay upgrading has the potential of manufacturing at low cost and replication in hutong neighbourhoods.Empowered by technology and policy innovation,to scale up "0.1+" and "-0.05" will facilitate holistic conservation and rejuvenation of Beijing's old city.

评委评语

城市老旧住区的有机更新一直是城市发展过程中面临的棘手问题。面对复杂产权背景、有限空间条件和人居质量需求、传统合院保护之间的矛盾，“开间更新”从与居民平等的视角出发，切实理解他们在旧区生活中的实际困难和顾虑。设计着手于基础空间单元“开间”，以简明适用的空间模块、可预制装配的建造产品，能快速改善居民生活质量，也有助于合院公共环境修复，为整个旧区提供了适应性强、可复制、可推广的人居方案，是体现设计服务社会公平的优秀实践。

9 首层平面 Ground floor plan

10 夹层平面 Mezzanine floor plan

11 B-B剖面 B-B section

12 A-A剖面 A-A section

13 庭院花园 Courtyard garden

14 院落改造后 Courtyard after renovation

Jury Statement

The organic regeneration of old urban settlements has always been a difficult issue in the process of urban development.Faced with the contradiction between complex property rights,limited space conditions and the need for quality living and the preservation of traditional courtyards,"Modular-bay Upgrading" is designed from an equal perspective with the residents,understanding their practical difficulties and concerns in living in old districts.The design is based on the basic spatial unit "modular-bay",with simple and applicable spatial modules and prefabricated components.The design quickly improves the quality of life of the residents,and also contributes to the restoration of the public environment of the courtyard compound,providing a highly adaptable,replicable habitat solution for the whole district.It is an excellent design practice in the interest of social equality.□(Traslated by WANG Xinxin)

15 厨房模块 Kitchen module

16 室内夹层 Mezzanine space

17 厨房折叠餐桌 Kitchen folding table

18 厨房伸缩水龙头 Kitchen retractable tap

19 卫浴模块 Bathroom module

20 分解轴测图 Exploded axonometric

21 室内夹层 Mezzanine space

22 室内改造后 Interior view after renovation

23 楼梯收纳模块 Staircase storage module