新工科背景下轻化工程虚拟仿真教学建设

李国栋 于得海 王慧丽 刘温霞 宋兆萍 刘小娜 孔凡功

摘  要：新工科的建設是在新经济、新产业发展背景下，我国为培养创新型人才而推行的教育体制改革创新。轻化工程是一门工程性和实践性较强的学科，教学过程中优化人才培养结构，强化锻炼学生的实际操作能力，有效提升教学质量是新工科建设下的必然选择。传统工科院校或科研单位所用大部分实验教学仪器精密昂贵、结构复杂、操作难度大、维护成本高，难以适应新工科改革下对人才培养的需求。虚拟仿真实验教学是将现代信息技术与传统实验教学有机融合的新型实验教学方法，在信息技术的辅助支撑下，实现了对传统教学时间和空间上的延伸和拓展。轻化工程虚拟仿真实验和实践教学模式的构建，可在现实实验条件及实习场所不具备或难以满足的情况下，以人机交互体验的学习方式、寓教于乐的表现形式，培养学生的动手操作能力，辅助学生对基础专业知识的认知，是未来学科发展和课程建设的重要组成。新工科背景下，构建适用于轻化工程专业的实验和实践教学模式，通过资源整合与共享机制，有助于提高学生的工程实践能力和科研技术水平，符合新工科对传统教学改革和创新型人才培养的需求。

关键词：新工科;轻化工程;虚拟仿真;实验教学;实践教学

中图分类号：G640       文献标志码：A          文章编号：2096-000X（2021）29-0057-04

Abstract： Under the background of new economy and new industry development， the construction of new engineering is the reform and innovation of education system to cultivate innovative talents. Light Industry is an engineering and practical subject. In the process of teaching， it is an inevitable choice to optimize the structure of personnel training， strengthen the training of students' practical ability， and effectively improve the quality of teaching. Most of the experimental teaching instruments used in traditional engineering colleges and research institutions are expensive， complex in structure， difficult in operation and high in maintenance cost， which is difficult to meet the need of personnel training under the new engineering reform. Virtual simulation experiment teaching is a new experimental teaching method， which integrates modern information technology and traditional experimental teaching. With the support of information technology， it can extend and expand the traditional teaching time and space. The construction of virtual simulation experiment and practice teaching mode of Light Industry can cultivate students' hands-on ability and assist students' cognition of basic professional knowledge by the way of human-computer interaction experience and the form of teaching in entertainment under the condition that the real experimental conditions or practice places are not available or difficult to meet. It is an important part of future discipline development and curriculum construction. Under the background of new engineering， the construction of experiment and practice teaching mode suitable for Light Industry is helpful to improve students' engineering practice ability and scientific research technology level through resource integration and sharing mechanism， which meets the need of traditional teaching reform and innovative talent training of new engineering.