董继平译
伊夫·博纳富瓦(Yves Bonnefoy,1923-2016),20世纪法国最重要的诗人之一、翻译家、文学评论家,生于图尔市,早年在巴黎大学攻读高等数学、科学史和哲学,从1946年起发表诗作,1953年出版第一部诗集《论杜弗的动与静》而轰动法国诗坛,他也因此一举成名。此后,他又陆续出版诗集《昨天的空寂的王國》《写字石》《门槛的诱惑》《在影子的光芒中》《雪的开始与结束》和《流浪的生命》等多部,均为传世杰作。他先后获得过多种国际国内诗歌大奖,1981年起,他成为继瓦雷里之后在法兰西学院讲授诗学的第二位诗人。
反对柏拉图(选)
1 问题是,这个物体:一只比真马头要大的马头镶嵌着整个镇子,街与墙在眼睛之间伸展,有口鼻部位的曲线和延伸。一个人可以用纸板和木头制作这个镇子,可以用真实的月亮从侧边照亮它,问题是,这个物体:一个头发零乱的女人的蜡制头颅在唱机的唱盘上旋转。
源于这里的一切,柳树之地,衣服之地,石头之地,那就是:在柳树和石头中间的流水之地,溅湿的衣服之地。我告诉你们,这永恒、眼睛空白、对称的面庞上的往来者,这覆盖着血的笑声,在一个人的大脑中,比那些只会丧失嘴里的色彩的完美理念更有分量。
3 是什么意义赋予这一点:一个人用蜡和色彩塑造一个女人的模拟像,用每一种相似性来装饰它,凭借光芒的巧妙闪烁,来赋予它那在微笑所表达的运动边缘的相同踌躇。
于是,装备着火炬,他让全身屈服于火苗的奇想,在变形中援助,肉体的破裂,在一瞬间形成一千个可能的形象,被很多怪物照亮,像刀尖触及这葬礼的辩证,在它里面,血液的塑像再生又碎散,在蜡和色彩的激情之中。
5 房间的俘虏,噪音的俘虏,一个人搓洗纸牌。一张纸牌上面写着:“永恒,我恨你!”另一张上面写着:“但愿这个时刻释放我!”
这个人在第三张纸牌上面写道:“必不可少的死亡。”因此,他凭借他的伤口的光芒,沿着时间的过失而行。
7 一切都不能让他从他对黑屋的迷幻中挣脱。倚靠在托盘上面,他试图把脸固定在大片的水下:嘴唇的运动总是盛行。
折断桅杆的脸,消沉的脸,如果你仅仅触及她的牙齿,她就会死去?手指掠过时她可能会微笑,如同沙子在脚下退让。
9 他们告诉他:掘入这一小块松动的泥土(他的头),直到你的牙齿碰到石头。
仅仅觉察到调节,迁移,秤盘的颤抖,被它那已经在四面八方迸发中的存在,他寻求侵占的死亡的凉意,他轻而易举征服没有青春的永恒和没有痛苦的完美所确认。
时间围绕这块石头而沸腾。触摸了这块石头:世界的灯盏转动,秘密的光芒循环。
ANTI-PLATO(EXCERPTS)
1 The question is, this object: a horses head larger than life encrusted with a whole town, streets and walls running between the eyes, assuming the curve and elongation of the muzzle. A man was able to make this town from cardboard and wood, and to light it from the side with a real moon, the question is, this object: the wax-head of a dishevelled woman spinning on the turntable of a phonograph.
All things from here, the land of the osier, of the dress, of the stone, that is: the land of water flowing among osiers and stones, the land of splashed dresses. This laughter covered with blood, I tell you, traffickers in the eternal, blank-eyed, symmetrical faces, weighs more heavily in the head of a man than the perfect Ideas, which do nothing but lose their color in his mouth.
3 What meaning give to this: a man shapes the simulacrum of a woman from wax and colors, adorns it with every likeness, compels it to live, gives it by an ingenious play of light that same hesitation on the verge of movement expressed by a smile.
Then, armed with a torch, he surrenders the whole body to the whims of the flame, assists in the deformation, the ruptures of flesh, projects in an instant a thousand possible figures, is lit up by as many monsters, feels like a knifes point this funereal dialectic in which the statue of blood is reborn and breaks up, in the passion of wax and colors.
5 Captive of a room, of noise, a man shuffles cards. On one: “Eternity, I hate you!” On another: “May this moment deliver me!”
And on a third the man writes: “Indispensable death.” Thus he walks along the fault of time, by the light of his wound.
7 Nothing can tear him away from his obsession with the darkroom. Leaning over the tray he tries to fix the face under the sheet of water: the movement of lips always prevails.
Dismasted face, face in distress, if you merely touch her teeth will she die? At the passage of fingers she may smile, as sand yields underfoot.
9 They told him: dig into this patch of loose earth (his head) until your teeth meet a stone.
Sensible only of the modulation, the passage, the trembling of the scale, of presence affirmed in its already bursting on all sides, he seeks the coolness of encroaching death, he triumphs easily over a youthless eternity and a painless perfection.
Around this stone time seethes. Having touched this stone: the lamps of the world turn, the secret light circulates.
火 蛇
1 現在你是夏天最后的空间里的杜弗。
一只火蛇在墙上疾奔。它那颗温和的人头散发出夏天的死亡气味。“狭窄的生活,我想被合围在你的里面,”杜弗叫喊。“空寂的闪电,奔流在我的唇上,穿透我吧!”
“我喜欢让自己盲目,让自己屈服于大地。我不再喜欢去了解冷冰冰的牙齿支配我的事物。”
2 整整一夜,我都梦见你由纤维织成,杜弗,最好把你奉献给火焰。与树皮联姻的绿色塑像,最好欣喜在你闪烁的头颅里。
我的手指在余烬和嘴唇的争论下面摸索:我能看见你在朝我微笑。而这在活跃的煤的你的内心的融融日子,正在让我盲目。
3 “看看我,看看我吧,我奔跑!”
我靠近你,杜弗,我照亮你的路。我们之间除了这盏石头的灯、这个静止的影子、影子握住的我们的手,则一无所有。
在那个最靠近的肉体转变知识的瞬间生活过。
4 因此我们醒着不眠,高高地置身于存在之夜。一丛浓阴让步。
秘密的开始,你凭借什么血液之鸟穿过我们的黑暗而脉动?
你在回归哪个房间,那黎明的恐怖在窗户玻璃上加深之处?
THE SALAMANDER
1 And now you are Douve in the last room of summer.
A salamander darts on the wall. Its gentle human head gives off the summers death. “I want to be engulfed in you, narrow life,” cries Douve. “Empty lightning, run on my lips, pierce me!”
“I love blinding myself, surrendering myself to the earth. I love no longer knowing what cold teeth possess me.”
2 All one night I dreamed you fibrous, Douve, the better to offer you to flame. And green statue wed by bark, the better to rejoice in your glittering head.
Feeling beneath my fingers the dispute of embers and lips: I could see you smiling at me. And this broad day in you of live coals, blinding me.
3 “Look at me, look at me, I ran!”
I am near you, Douve, I light your way. Nothing between us but this stony lamp, this stilled shadow, our hands the shadow takes. Startled salamander, you do not move.
Having lived that instant when the nearest flesh turns knowledge.
4 Thus we stayed awake, high in the night of being. A thicket gave.
Secret break, by what bird of blood did you pulse through our darkness?
To which room were you returning,where the horror of dawn deepened on the panes?