巧用连连看，做好阅读题

罗金华

做阅读理解题就好像玩游戏连连看一样，将题干与原文中相同或相似的单词或短语连系起来，定位答案信息，同时，将选项中与原文中相同或相似的单词或短语联系起来，分析信息，做出选择。这样，让我们感觉高考阅读题，做起来真的好容易。

一、形连

即将题干、选项中与文中形式相同的词语联系起来找答案信息所在位置与选出正确选项。

1. 据相同词语定位置

将题干中与原文中相同的单词或短语联系起来，找到答案所在的位置。

[例1]（2021年新高考全国Ⅰ卷·21）Rome can be pricey for travelers， which is why many. The hostels in Rome offer a bed in a dorm room for around $25 a night， and for that， you’ll often get to stay in a central location （位置）with security and comfort.

What is probably the major concern of travelers who？

A. Comfort. B. Security. C. Price. D. Location.

分析：题干中choose to stay in a hostel与原文第一段第一句中划线部分完全相同，可见答案可能在本句或下句中。 本题问“选择旅社的旅客最关心的是什么？”由which is why...（这就是……的原因）可知，答案就在本句的主句里，而选项C的Price（价格）与原文中的pricey（昂贵的）相似，故选C项，旅客最关心的是价格。

[例2]（2021年新高考全国Ⅰ卷·25） By day， Robert Titterton is a lawyer...

... His job is to sit beside the pianist and turn the pages of the score so the musician doesn’t have to break the flow of sound by doing it themselves. He said he became just as nervous as those playing instruments .

“A lot of skills are needed for the. You have to make sure you don’t turn two pages at once and make sure you find the repeats in the music when you have to go back to the right spot.” Mr. Titterton explained.

Which of the following best describes Titterton’s ？

A. Boring. B. Well-paid.

C. Demanding. D. Dangerous.

分析：由题干中的job 和on stage可将答案信息定位到文中第二段末句前后。据其后的第三段， Titterton所说，“这项工作需要很多技能。必须保证一次不能翻两页，必须保证遇到音乐中的重复片段时能翻到正确位置。”据此可概括为，这份工作“要求很高（demanding）”，故选C项。其余选项均与文中定位的信息毫无关系。

[例3]（2020年全国Ⅱ卷·26） Higher-income parents tended to have children play with puzzles more frequently， and bothwho played with puzzles had better spatial skills. However， tended to play with more complex puzzles than ， and ...

How do differ from in puzzle play？

A. They play with puzzles more often.

B. They tend to talk less during the game.

C. They prefer to use more spatial language.

D. They are likely to play with tougher puzzles.

分析：由題干中的boys， girls可将答案信息定位到最后一段，即上述节选内容所在段。本题问“男孩和女孩在益智游戏中有何不同？”因表转折的However后的boys tended to play with more complex puzzles than girls中的tended to， more complex 分别与选项D中的are likely to， tougher意义相近，稍加分析，可确定D项正确。

在2021新高考全国Ⅰ卷中，还有22， 24， 27， 28， 30， 32等6题可以用此方法快速定位答案所在位置。

2. 据相同词语选答案

在定位答案信息所在位置后，将选项中与原文中相同的单词或短语联系起来，分析信息，选出答案。

[例4]（2021年新高考全国Ⅰ卷·24）By day， Robert Titterton is a lawyer. In his spare time though he goes on stage beside pianist Maria Raspopova — not as a musician but as her .“I’m not a trained musician， but I’ve learnt to read so I can help Maria in her performance.”

What should Titterton be able to do to be a？

A. .         B. Play the piano

C. Sing songs.           D. Fix the instruments.

分析：因题干中的page turner与文中划线部分相同，可知答案就在其附近。又因选项A中的Read music与文中page turner后面一句中的read music（识谱）相同，故A项正确。

二、意连

即将题干、选项中与文中意思相近的词语联系起来找答案信息所在位置与选出正确选项。

1. 据意思相近词语定位置

题干会出现跟原文意思相近的词语，即换了一个词语来表达相同的意思。将题干中与原文中意思相近的单词或短语联系起来。找到原文中的词语，就找到答案所在位置。

[例5]（2021年高考英语全国甲卷·14）Here’s the good news. In a wired world with constant global communication， we’re all positioned to see flashes of genius wherever they . And the more we look， the more we will see that social factors（因 素）like gender， race， and class do not determine the appearance of genius.

Why are more geniuses ？

A. Improved global communication.

B. Less discrimination against women.

C. Acceptance of victors’concepts.

D. Changes in people’s social positions.

分析：因题干中的are known to the public与文中的appear意思相近，可定位答案就在“In a wired world with constant global communication， we’re all positioned to see flashes of genius wherever they appear（在一个全球通讯不断的互联网的世界里，无论天才出现在哪里，我们都能看到）”这个句子里;又因定位的信息句中与选项A中有相同的短语global communication，稍加分析，可知A项正确。

2. 据意思相近词语选答案

选项中会出现跟原文意思相近的词语，即换一个词语表达同样的意思。将选项与原文中意思相近的单词或短语联系起来，分析信息，选出正确答案。

[例6]（2021年新高考全国Ⅰ卷·23） Hotel and Hostel Des Artistes is located just a 10-minute walk from the central city station and it’s close to all of the city’s main attractions. The staff is friendly and helpful， providing you with a map of the city when you arrive， and offering advice if you require some. However， you need to

What is the disadvantage of Hotel and Hostel Des Artistes？

A. It gets noisy at night.    B. Its staff is too talkative.

C.    D. It’s inconveniently located.

分析：本題问Hotel and Hostel Des Artistes的缺点或不足。根据相同词语定位，由题干中的 Hotel and Hoste Des Artistes可定位到上面节选的段落。由表示转折的句子 “However， you need to pay 2 euros a day for Wi-Fi”可知，该旅社的 Wi-Fi 需要旅客付费。原文中的pay for Wi-Fi（付费）与选项C中的charges for Wi-Fi（收费）意思相近，只是动作的执行者不一样，一个给钱，一个收钱，故选C项。

[例7]（2021年新高考全国Ⅰ卷·35）Although the continuing popular appeal of emotional intelligence is desirable， we hope that such attention will excite a greater interest in the scientific and scholarly study of emotion. in coming decades， advances in science will offer new perspectives（视角） from which to study how people manage their lives. Emotional intelligence， with its focus on both head and heart， may serve to point us in the right direction.

What does the last paragraph mainly talk about concerning emotional intelligence？

A. Its appeal to the public.

B. for future studies.

C. Its practical application.

D. Scientists with new perspectives.

分析：本题问“关于情商，最后一段主要讲了什么？”题干本身已定位在最后一段，即上述节选段落。仅需重点关注选项与该段中词语的关系。由段中的It is our hope that in coming decades...study...可知，选项B中expectations 与原文hope 意思相近，故选B项。

值得注意的是，有些选项中有与原文相同的词或意义相近的词，但是，这只是命题者故意选取文中的的某个或某些词语来设置选项，而该选项的意义与原文意义并不相同，甚至相反了。解题尤为注意，以免掉进陷阱。

[例8]（2021年新高考全国Ⅰ卷·32）Popularization has in some cases changed the original meaning of emotional （情感的） intelligence. Many people now misunderstand emotional intelligence as almost everything desirable in a person’s makeup that ， such as character， motivation， confidence， mental stability， optimism and“people skills.”Research has shown that emotional skills may contribute to some of these qualities， but most of them move far beyond skill-based emotional intelligence.

What is a common misunderstanding of emotional intelligence？

A. It

B. It helps to exercise a person’s mind.

C. It includes a set of emotional skills.

D. It refers to a person’s positive qualities.

分析：據相同词语定位，可用题干中的misunderstand定位，答案信息就在第一段第二句。注意：虽然选项A与原文都含有相同的can be measured by an IQ test，但选项A中多了一个not，意义恰恰相反了，要注意排除，千万不要错选。选项D中的positive（积极的，正面的）与原文中的desirable（值得有的，令人想要的）是意义相近的词语，故选D项，即意思相近选答案。

综上所述，做阅读理解题，通过找相同或相似，用连连看的方式，可以快速定位答案和找到正确答案。当然，也有干扰项中的词语跟原文相同或很相似，需要考生甄别，去伪存真。