美术馆4.0：新时代语境与创想

编者语：

如果说中国的美术馆发端于西方，并在之后的相当长时间内步其后尘的话，在过去的10 年间，中国与世界各地的美术馆/艺术博物馆的发展语境越来越趋近，即在公共展览规划方面的要求以及在回应这些需求时所能获得的资源和技术在发生重大变化。今天，最受关注的美术馆必须承担更多的社会责任，应对经济压力和商业竞争，满足专业观众和游客在美术馆活动规划中发言的愿望。之所以将题目拟定为“美术馆4.0”，是与互联网和计算机技术发展的世代相对应，据统计，近三十年来，人类所取得的科技成果，比过去两千年的总和还要多。20 世纪初，科技转化为生产力需要20-30 年，6、70 年代激光与半导体从发现到应用加速到了两三年，而现在信息产品的更新换代只需要十几个月。其中互联网和计算机技术对生产力的改造是决定性。过去美术馆通过展示、保存藏品以及支持教育系统来履行职责。而现在，则必须做更多的事，参观者告诉机构他们想要什么，新的变革往往随着压力和期待而到来。（文/王静）

INTRODUCTION:

If we say that Chinese art museums originated from the west, and followed in its steps for a long time, for the past decade the distance between the development context of Chinese art museums and those in other part of the world is quickly narrowing down - China is witnessing significant change in public exhibition's planning requirements, and the resources and skills it could acquire to meet these requirements. Today, the most popular art museums must take more social responsibilities, to tackle economic pressure and business competition, and to fulfill professional or amateur visitors' wish to have a say in art museums' event planning. The reason that we use the title "Museum 4.0" is to respond to the era of rapid development of the Internet and information technology. Statistics show that the human race has made bigger scientific and technological achievements in the past thirty years than the two thousand years prior to that. In early 20th century, it took 20 to 30 years for technology to convert to productivity; in the 1960s and 70s, with the discovery and application of laser and semiconductor, it reduced the conversion time to 2 to 3 years. Now, it only takes some months for information products to update, and most of the credit goes to the modification of productivity by the Internet and information technology. In the past, art museums performed their duty by exhibiting works, conserving collections and supporting educational system. Now, there are more things to do. Visitors are telling institutions what they want, and new change will arrive together with pressure and aspirations. ( Text by Wang Jing )