宾语从句考点解析（一）

杨庆春

宾语从句是英语语法主从复合句中最重要的一部分，它也是中考英语试题中最常见的考点。要想学好宾语从句，我们需要掌握宾语从句的概念、连接词、语序、时态等多方面的内容。

【考点1】宾语从句的概念

宾语从句：在句子中充当宾语作用的从句叫做宾语从句。

宾语从句分为三类：及物动词的宾语从句、介词的宾语从句和形容词的宾语从句。

1. 及物动词的宾语从句：

We believe that he is honest.我们相信他是诚实的。

She says that she works from Monday to Friday.

她说她从周一至周五上班。

I think it necessary that we take plenty of hot water every day.

我想我们每天饮用足够的热水是必要的。

2. 介词的宾语从句：

I was interested in how he had done it. 我对他怎么做感兴趣。

We are talking about whether we admit students into our club.

我们在谈论是否允许学生加入我们的俱乐部。

3. 部分形容词（sorry， sure， afraid， glad等）的宾语从句：

We’re sure that our team will win.我们确信我们队会赢。

I’m afraid that he won’t pass the exam.恐怕他考试不会及格。

He is glad that Li Ming went to see him when he was ill.他高兴的是在他生病时李明来看他。

I am sorry that I have troubled you so long.很抱歉打扰你这么久。

练习1

将下面的句子连接成含有宾语从句的复合句。

1. These flowers are from Guangdong. He said.

He said these flowers from Guangdong.

2. Light travels faster than sound. My teacher told me.

My teacher told me   light faster than sound.

3. There will be a meeting in five days.  Jack didn’t know.

Jack didn’t know there   a meeting in five days.

4. Can they speak French？ I want to know.

I want to know         French.

5. Do they want fried chicken？ He asked the boys.

He asked the boys   they fried chicken.

Keys：1. that;were   2. that; travels   3. that; would be  4. if /whether; they can speak  5. if/whether; wanted

【考點2】宾语从句的连接词

引导宾语从句的连接词有：that， if/whether，以及连接代词和连接副词。

1. 连接词that：宾语从句是陈述句，that用作主从句连接词，只起连接作用，在从句中不作句子成分，也无词汇意义，在口语中常被省略。

He knew （that）he should work hard. 他知道应该努力工作。

I think （that） he will help us. 我想他会帮助我们。

2. 连接词if /whether：宾语从句是一般疑问，主从句之间的连接词用if/whether。它们起连接作用，在从句中不作句子成分，作“是否”解，在口语中多用if。

Tom don’t know if/whether his grandpa liked the present. 汤姆不知道他的爷爷是否喜欢这个礼物。

3. 连接代词和连接副词：宾语从句是特殊疑问句，主从句之间的连接词用连接代词和连接副词。

连接代词有：who， whom， whose， which， what， 它们在句中担任主语、宾语、定语或者表语。

No one knows what they will come for. 没人知道他们会来干什么。（宾语）

He asked whose dictionary this was.他问这是谁的字典。（定语）

Could you tell me who they are waiting for？ 你能告诉我他们在等谁吗？（宾语）

连接副词有： when，where， why， how， 在句中担任状语的成分。

Please tell me when we’ll have the class meeting.請告诉我什么时候开班会。（时间状语）

I don’t know why he hasn’t come yet. 我不知道他为什么没有来。（原因状语）

I wonder where he got so much money.我想要知道他在哪弄到这么多的钱。（地点状语）

练习2

1. （2019·甘肃·白银） I wonder Tom had a good time having a picnic yesterday.

A. that     B. if     C. what   D. which

2. （2019·安徽）— I wonder the students have a physical examination.

— Once a year.

A. how far B. how soon C. how long   D. how often

3. （2019·广西·百色） —I want to know   we will have the meeting.

—Maybe in the classroom.

A. where     B. when     C. who   D. whether

4. （2020·天津）—Do you know   to see the Beijing Opera？

—Yes， you can go to Mei Langfang Theatre.

A. where can we go  B. where we can go C. when shall we go D. when we shall go

5. （2020·安徽） —Could you tell me   we can start a conversation with a foreigner？

—Talking about weather is a good choice.

A. how         B. why       C. where     D. when

Keys：1-5 BDABA