词汇短语园地(4)

1. blow  vt. & vi.  吹;吹动;刮

The winds blow across the sea， pushing little waves into bigger and bigger ones.

风吹过海面，把小的波浪向前推进，变成越来越大的波浪。

The wind has blown my hat off.

风把我的帽子刮走了。

blow  n.  打;打击;奇袭;猛攻

give sb a blow on the head  给某人头上一击

2. frightening  adj.  吓人的;可怕的

The frightening noise made her hair stand on end.

恐怖的声音使她毛骨悚然。

frighten  vt.  使惊恐;使害怕

The ghost story frightened the child.

这个鬼怪故事使孩子十分惊恐。

frightened  adj.  受惊的;害怕的

Frightened children were calling for their mothers.

受惊的孩子们呼喊着妈妈。

3. mass  adj.  大量的;大规模的

We want to promote literacy on a mass scale.

我们想大规模地提高文化水平。

mass  n.  大量;众多

A great mass of snow has fallen off the roof.

从房顶掉下了一大块积雪。

A great mass of people are coming to see the exhibition.

大批人前来参观展览。

4. process  n.  进程;过程

Producing a dictionary is a slow process.

编写一本字典是一个缓慢的过程。

We are in the process of selling our house.

我們正在出售自家的住宅。

5. forecast  vt.  预报;预告

As forecasted， the storm will continue to be weakened when moving to the northwest.

预报显示，在向西北移动过程中，风暴强度将继续减弱。

Experts forecasted a steady rise in the number of tourists.

专家预测游客人数会持续增长。

6. concerned  adj.  关心的;担心的

Concerned parents held a meeting.

忧心忡忡的家长们开了一个会。

（1） be concerned about/with/for/over sb/sth 担心、关心某人/某事

They are very concerned with lab security.

他们很担心实验室的安全问题。

Parents are naturally concerned for their childrens safety.

父母自然关心他们儿女的安全。

Please dont be concerned about me.

请不要担心我。

He was concerned over his sons financial difficulties.

他担心他儿子的资金困难。

（2） be concerned that...  担心……

She was concerned that she might miss the turning and get lost.

她担心自己会错过转弯的地方而迷路。

（3） be concerned with/in  和……有关;牵涉

I am not concerned with that matter any longer.

我跟那件事不再有关。

He was only indirectly concerned in what took place.

他只是间接与所发生的事有关。

7. major  adj.  主要的;重要的;大的

There were calls for major changes to the welfare system.

有人要求对福利制度进行重大改革。

较大的;较多的;主要的;重要的;一流的;主修的

The house needs major repairs.

这幢房子需要大修。

Her major subject is chemistry.

她的主修科是化学。

8. complain  vi.  抱怨;发牢骚

You have no reason to complain.

你没有理由抱怨。

I have to complain to the manager about it.

对这件事我不得不向经理提意见。

She often complains that he is dishonest.

她常埋怨说他不诚实。

complain （to sb） about/of sth  （向某人）抱怨某事

He complained （to me） about the food.

他（向我）抱怨伙食不佳。

9. scary  adj.  令人害怕的;引起惊恐的

The volcano in that country broke out. It was scary.

那个国家的火山爆发了，令人特别惊恐。

She put worms， snakes and other scary things into a pot.

她把虫、蛇和其他可怕的东西放到罐子里。

10. cut down  砍倒

Tom has been asked to have the tree cut down.

有人请求汤姆把那棵树砍倒。

削减;缩短

We must cut down our expenses.

我们必须削减开支。

The article is too long and should be cut down by half.

这篇稿子太长，得缩减一半。

11. be caught in  突然遭遇（风暴等）

We were caught in the storm and got drenched.

我们遇上大雨，全都被浇透了。

陷入;遇到

The frog was caught in the net.

青蛙陷在网里了。

If you take over Doras job， you are sure to be caught in the middle.

如果你接替多拉的工作，你一定會被搞得进退两难。

12. have a bad effect on  对……有坏影响

The rain has had a very bad effect on the crops.

这场雨对农作物有非常不好的影响。

The alcohol had such a bad effect on him.

酒精对他造成了很坏的影响。

13. take in  吸收

On weekends the Smiths usually drive to the countryside and take in the fresh air there.

周末，史密斯一家常驱车到农村呼吸那里的新鲜空气。

接收，收留;领会，理解;欺骗;订阅，订购;改小（衣服）;瞧，看（见）;拘留;包括，涉及

The poor man had nowhere to live in， so we took him in.

那个可怜的人没地方住，所以我们收留了他。

Before you translate a sentence， you should first take in the meaning of the words.

动手翻译句子之前，首先要理解单词的含义。

The salesman took in the old people and made them buy their poor-qualified goods.

那个推销员欺骗老人，让他们购买低品质的货物。

Which newspaper do you take in？

你订阅了哪种报纸？

This coat needs to be taken in a bit.

这件大衣要改小些。

His little sister wanted to go with him to take in a movie.

他的小妹妹想跟他一起去看电影。

He was taken in because he killed a man on purpose.

他因故意杀人而被拘留。

The tour takes in some famous old castles.

这趟观光旅行包括参观若干著名的古堡。

14. give out  放出;发出

He gave out books.

他分发书本。

The sun gives out light and heat to the earth.

太阳给地球光和热。

用尽;公布

Our food supply gave out.

我们的食物耗尽了。

The news was given out that the king had died.

国王的死讯已经公布。

15. look through  浏览;翻阅（查看）;读（看）一遍

I looked through all the readings he had given me.

我浏览了他给我的所有著作。

Always look through your work before handing it in.

交作业前一定要看一遍。

看穿;透过看

We have looked through the enemys tricks.

我们已识破了敌人的种种花招。

If you look through this special glass， you can see things larger than their actual size.

如果你透过这块特殊的玻璃看东西，所见物体要比实物大一些。

16. dig up  挖出;找到;发现;搜集

The farmers were digging up potatoes.

农民们在挖土豆。

Where did you dig up the fresh evidence？

你从哪儿弄到新证据的？

We should be able to dig up enough money for your ticket.

我们应该能够筹集到足够的钱供你买票。

17. protect... from/against...  保护……不受……的侵害

protect against直接加名词，意为“防范”;protect from 一般用于protect A from B，意为“使A免受B的侵害”。

Villagers planted lots of trees to protect soil from being washed away.

村民們种了许多树防止水土流失。

He is always protecting himself from danger.

他总是保护着自己免受侵害。

He is always protecting against others.

他总是防范着别人。

protection  n.  保护;防御

The hat will give protection against the sun.

这顶帽子可遮阳。

under the protection of  在……的保护下

The chicks are under the protection of the hen.

小鸡们有母鸡的保护。

18. wake up to  认识到;意识到;发觉

They should wake up to the danger they are in.

他们应该意识到处境的危险。

We must wake up to the fact that this kind of animal is in danger of dying out.

我们必须意识到这一事实，那就是这种动物正面临灭绝的危险。

跟踪导练（一）

阅读理解

A

The CLF Art Cafe， Peckham

Playing different kinds of music， it has a night to serve most tastes. As one of the leading places for the creative arts， the building is full of friendly but crazy students and young people devoted to having a good time. But for those who arent interested in making the ceiling sweat， there is an open-air rooftop， monthly plays and regular showings of films.

Roxy， Fitzrovia

In the heart of Londons shopping center lies one of the flagships for a student night out in London. After showing their Student IDs， students head down into the basement of the Roxy where they are thrown into a group of young people from all backgrounds and countries. Whether for a few drinks and a chat or a dance along to the sound of the latest hits， the Roxys half-priced cocktail （鸡尾酒） will make sure you are satisfied.

Bar Kick， Shoreditch

For students who are very busy and have forgotten how to relax， keep yourself focused while you play a game of table football. Put yourself into the crowd of bars and clubs Shoreditch has to offer， Bar Kick presents students with a quiet evening. At street level， it seems like any other bar. Heading downstairs youll find almost a dozen football tables replacing the dance floor， giving it a competitive edge to an evening away from school work.

The Court， Tottenham Court Road

For an affordable meal and drinks on a Sunday before a week of stress， head over to The Court. Combining （結合） the perfect combination of traditional pub comforts with student prices， the central London pub offers a quiet place as you catch up with classmates and forget about the stresses of being a student.

1. Which is a wise pick for a quiet student without much money？

A. The CLF Art Cafe. B. The Court.

C. Bar Kick. D. Roxy.

2. What can we learn about Roxy？

A. It mainly appeals to foreign students.

B. It lies far from Londons downtown.

C. It requires customers proof of identity.

D. It offers customers service at half price.

3. What makes Bar Kick different from the other three bars mentioned？

A. It has a dance floor made of special material.

B. It is a place for people to enjoy quietness.

C. It looks different from others in the street.

D. It provides table games for its customers.

B

“One thing I enjoy about my job is that I can work on something that is actually active，” says Game McGimsey， an American volcanologist （火山学家）. Part of his job includes keeping an eye on Alaskas many active volcanoes and giving people a heads-up when a volcano might erupt.

Like most jobs in the science， volcanology requires a lot of education. McGimsey received an undergraduate degree in geology at the University of North Carolina， then landed an internship （实习期） with a geologist at the USGS whose work field was about volcanoes. After earning a graduate degree at the University of Colorado， McGimsey accepted a job with the USGS and has been with the Alaska Volcano Observatory for 25 years.

Volcanoes can influence the world in ways we might not think about. For example， on Dec. 15， 1989， a 747 jetliner （a large airplane） flew through a thick ash cloud produced by Mount Redoubt， an Alaskan volcano that hadnt erupted in 25 years. The ash caused all four engines to die， and the planes electronics went dead.

“The plane was within several thousand feet of flying into the mountains below when the pilots got a couple of engines restarted and landed safely in Anchorage，” McGimsey says. It cost nearly $80 million to repair the damage to the plane.

Such situations show just how dangerous volcanoes can be. However， volcanologists know the risks and are prepared to protect themselves.

McGimsey admits， “There is certainly a higher danger level in volcanology than some other jobs. We understand how serious the danger is， and we dont like taking unnecessary chances. We avoid getting too close to an erupting volcano， because it is not worth injury or death simply to get a rock or a photograph.”

4. What is true about McGimsey before he worked for the USGS？

A. He had been a pilot for 25 years.

B. He knew nothing about the organization.

C. He had studied at the University of Colorado.

D. He had taught at the University of North Carolina.

5. On Dec. 15， 1989， a 747 jetliner ___ .

A. had four engines restarted

B. flew into a volcano in Europe

C. survived an air accident luckily

D. disappeared in a huge ash cloud

6. McGimseys words in the last paragraph suggest that he is ___ .

A. proud B. careful

C. lonely D. doubtful

7. What should be the best title for the text？

A. Game McGimsey： A Man of His World

B. Game McGimsey： A Volcano Watcher

C. The Eruption of Mount Redoubt

D. Lost Land of the Volcano

跟蹤导练（二）

完形填空

One night， when I was eight， my mother gently asked me a question I would never forget. “Sweetie， my company wants to promote （晋升） me; however， it1me to work in Brazil. This is like your teacher saying that youve done2and allowing you to skip a grade， but youll have to3your friends. Would you say yes to your teacher？” She gave me a hug and asked me to think about it. I was puzzled. The question kept me4for the rest of the night. I had said “yes” but for the first time， I realized it was a5decision adults had to make.

For almost four years， my mother would call us from Brazil every day. Every evening Id6wait for the phone to ring and then tell her every detail of my day. A phone call， however， could never7her love and it was difficult not to feel8at times.

During my fourth-grade Christmas break， we flew to Rio to visit her. Looking at her large9apartment， I realized how lonely my mother must have been in Brazil herself. It was then that I started to10the tough choices she had to make on11family and work. Faced with difficult decisions， she used to tell me， you wouldnt know whether you make the right12or not， but you could always13the best out of the situation， with passion and a positive attitude.

Back home， I14myself that what my mother could do， I could， too. If she15to live in Rio all by herself， I， too， could learn to be16 . I learn how to take care of myself and set high but achievable17 .

My mother is now back with us. But I will never forget what the18has really taught me. Sacrifices （牺牲）19in the end. The separation between us has proved to be a20for me.

1. A. forces B. needs C. wishes D. agrees

2. A. little B. much C. well D. wrong

3. A. leave B. refuse C. contact D. forgive

4. A. crying B. frightening C. wondering D. regretting

5. A. poor B. stupid C. wise D. difficult

6. A. anxiously B. politely C. seriously D. curiously

7. A. provide B. replace C. change D. show

8. A. hopeful B. lonely C. silly D. sorry

9. A. comfortable B. private C. empty D. modern

10. A. appreciate B. receive C. recall D. forget

11. A. loving B. balancing C. comparing D. mixing

12. A. change B. move C. choice D. reaction

13. A. make B. take C. put D. use

14. A. asked B. doubted C. warned D. reminded

15. A. managed B. failed C. attempted D. expected

16. A. relaxed B. brave C. independent D. patient

17. A. examples B. limits C. rules D. goals

18. A. journey B. experience C. history D. teacher

19. A. paid off B. came back C. went off D. turned up

20. A. treasure B. chance C. success D. pleasure

語法填空

Cathy Martin is a hurricane hunter （收集者） with the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration （NOAA）. For six months each year， she is part of a team that collects1she describes as “vital data， to save life and property”.

When winds pick up， spinning （旋转） toward the Caribbean and US coastline， Martin and2（she） flight team spring into action.

They use instruments called dropsondes， which3（set） free from a tube at the back of the plane. As a dropsonde makes its 10，000-foot landing into the sea， it sends out information about air temperature， pressure， humidity， and the speed and4（direct） of the wind.

On an eight-hour flight， Martins team typically drops 15 to 20 dropsondes while flying from one side of the storm to the other，5（try） to cover as much ground as6（possibility）. They head for the center （or eye） of the storm，7theres no wind， and also search for the strongest winds， to help people on the coast prepare8whats coming. Sometimes， they will use an unmanned （无人操作的） aircraft9（collect） data closer to the oceans surface.

Though these flights can be long，10（tire） and often last several days in a row， Martin likes her job and wishes she could fly every day.

1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

6. 7. 8. 9. 10.

跟蹤导练（三）

阅读理解

A

When I was five or six years old， I remember watching TV and seeing other children suffer in other parts of the world. I would say to myself， “When I grow up， when I can get rich， I will save kids all over the world.”

At 17， I started my career （事业） here in America， and by the age of 18， I started my first charity organization. I went on to team up with other organizations in the following years， and met， helped， and even lost some of the most beautiful souls， from six-year-old Jasmina Anema who passed away in 2010 from leukemia （白血病）， and whose story inspired thousands to volunteer as donors （捐赠者）， to my grandmother， who lost her battle with cancer in 2012， and her death is the very reason and the driving force behind the Clara Lionel Foundation （CLF）. Were all human. And we all just want a chance： a chance at life， a chance in education， a chance at a future， really. And at CLF， our mission is to influence as many lives as possible， but it starts with just one.

People make it seem too hard to do charity work. The truth is， you dont have to be rich to help others. You dont need to be famous. You dont even have to be college-educated. But it starts with your neighbor， the person right next to you， the person sitting next to you in class， the kid down the block in your neighborhood. You just do whatever you can to help in any way that you can. And today， I want to challenge each of you to make a commitment to help one person， one organization， one situation that touches your heart. My grandmother always used to say， “If youve got a dollar， theres plenty to share.”

1. What did the author want to do at a young age？

A. Be a star. B. Write articles.

C. Become wealthy. D. Help other children.

2. What directly caused the author to create and develop the CLF？

A. A six-year-old kids request.

B. Many volunteers inspiration.

C. Other organizations encouragement.

D. Her grandmothers death of cancer.

3. What does the underlined word “one” in Paragraph 2 refer to？

A. A chance. B. A task.

C. A life. D. An organization.

4. What does the author advise people to do in the last paragraph？

B. Music has a connection with health.

C. Music makes people more productive.

D. Music is used by doctors to treat patients.

跟蹤导练（四）

阅读七选五

The oceans are being seriously polluted now. Plastics are harming the marine （海产的） life. Carbon pollution is warming the oceans and increasing their acidity （酸度）. Waters are being overfished. 1 Here are some steps we can take to help make a difference.

· Bring our own bags. 2 Try carrying a reusable bag at all times， including while traveling， and bringing our own things to work to avoid relying on plastic items.

· Talk about it now. We should carry that conversation into public places. Talk to our friends and family about why the ocean is important and why we take steps to help it， and challenge them to do the same.

· 3 A good way to make a difference is to organize a garbage cleanup now. Whether its an inland cleanup or one near the coast， plan one in our community.

· Throw away our cars. 4 When we hang out， we should reduce our carbon footprint， which may help slow global warming and ocean acidification.

· Recycle， obviously. Experts say recycling is an obvious action to take. Check on what can be recycled in our community， and make sure youre separating out your plastic.

5 The more someone thinks about plastics and plastics pollution， the more likely they are to act on it. If everyone can contribute to the oceans， the oceans will be well preserved （维护）.

A. Plan a cleanup.

B. But the bag should not be a plastic one.

C. Choose public transportation over driving our cars.

D. In summary， think about it more and act on it more.

E. Driving cars less often is a good way to protect the oceans.

F. However， experts say theres still hope to make a difference.

G. However， marine life plays a very important role in the oceans.

1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

完形填空

There are thousands of people across the United States without any food or shelter. Every Saturday or Sunday night， my family and I go out and1the homeless people in the city.

There is one2thing I like to mention here. Before we begin our3 ， my family and I do not eat. We do this so we know how it feels to be4 . We all get together in the kitchen and5the food. We then6the food for 30 or more people. I like to write a special7on the bags like “God loves you”.

A lot of people8homeless people. Not all homeless people are bad people. Some are really9 . Many people hate them for no good10 . In the beginning， when my family and I went out on the street， we had to11their trust. Later， as they12us every week， they started to trust us. We13know some of their names. We all have to keep in mind that they also have14 . Some of them shake our hands for giving them food and15us. Some of them do really funny dances because they are16 . We have become really17to a man named Tony and his wife. After meeting with them several times， he has told us a lot about his18 . He graduated from college and has a PhD. He used to teach French and Spanish.

After we get down to feeding the homeless， it makes me19what I have at home. Sometimes it makes me sad， and makes my mom cry. I love feeding the homeless， and making a20in someones life.

1. A. visit B. introduce C. save D. feed

2. A. common B. exciting C. special D. embarrassing

3. A. show B. journey C. vacation D. meal

4. A. hungry B. thirsty C. lonely D. sick

5. A. design B. prepare C. divide D. enjoy

6. A. bag B. cook C. fetch D. find

7. A. passage B. saying C. note D. message

8. A. trust B. help C. love D. misunderstand

9. A. successful B. nice C. funny D. wealthy

10. A. reason B. use C. health D. excuse

11. A. know B. earn C. exchange D. share

12. A. served B. told C. saw D. needed

13. A. hardly B. never C. sometimes D. even

14. A. words B. looks C. hopes D. feelings

15. A. entertain B. thank C. impress D. disappoint

16. A. happy B. frightened C. surprised D. bored

17. A. blind B. dear C. cruel D. close

18. A. dream B. future C. life D. friend

19. A. lose B. appreciate C. keep D. remember

20. A. fortune B. chance C. problem D. difference

跟踪导练（五）

阅读理解

During the darkest days of the drought that hit the western US since the early 2000s， rivers went dry from north to south. Consequently， low river flows severely reduced the amount of carbon-free electricity that could be produced by the thousands of hydroelectric power plants （水力發电站） along rivers across the West.

Now， a group of researchers have figured out that an extra 100 million tons of carbon ended up in the atmosphere because people had to use carbon-emitting （碳排放） power sources instead of hydroelectric power during drought. Thats equal to adding about 1.4 million cars to road for every one of those years. “Thats a big piece of the picture，” says Noah Diffenbaugh， a climate scientist at Stanford.

In normal years， over 20% of the electricity comes from hydroelectric power plants. But that number fluctuates with the ebb （退潮） and flow of water. And when water is not enough， the amount of hydroelectric power decreases.

States like California， Washington， and Oregon that rely on hydroelectric power during water-rich years were the hardest hit. In California， for example， the extra carbon dioxide emitted because of the drought added up to over 7% of its total carbon emissions.

Thats a big problem. Many of the western states have made plans for how to reduce their emissions over the next few decades. California， for example， is trying to get its emissions down to 80% below 1990 levels by 2050. But drought makes it harder to meet the emissions reduction goals.

While the carbon cost of drought is large， Diffenbaugh points out， with this study and a lot of others from the past few years， weve learned more and more about when and why carbon-free energy sources face challenge. Armed with this information， he says， energy managers can figure out how to solve the problem in energy demand with more renewable resources.

1. What fact is described in the first two paragraphs？

A. The high amount of energy using.

B. The large number of cars on the road.

C. The increased demand for power sources.

D. The large carbon emission due to drought.

2. What does the underlined word “fluctuates” in Paragraph 3 mean？

A. Appears naturally. B. Changes irregularly.

C. Becomes stable. D. Increases greatly.

3. What can we know about California according to the text？

A. Its carbon emission is very heavy.

B. It is a water-rich state all year round.

C. It heavily depends on renewable energy.

D. It has achieved its emission reduction goal.

4. What does Noah Diffenbaugh think of climate cost？

A. It is not that serious.

B. It is expected to be solved.

C. It is a global common problem.

D. It has been solved in some areas.

閱读七选五

When you are hungry， what will you do？ Have your favorite meal and stay quiet after that？ 1 But it never lets you know， because you keep it busy thinking about your friends or favorite stars. So it silently serves your needs and never lets itself grow. When the mind loses its freedom to grow， creativity sets a full stop. This might be the reason why we all sometimes think “What happens next？” or “Why cant I think？”

2 Why reading but not watching TV？ It is because reading has been the most educative tool used by us right from childhood. Since it develops other aspects of our life， we have to take help from reading.

When you read a book， of course you run your eyes through the lines and your mind tries to explain something to you. The interesting part of the book is kept in your mind as a seed （种子）. 3 If it is used many times， the same seed can give you great help to relate a lot of things， which you would have never thought of in your wildest dreams！

This is nothing but creativity. 4 Within no time you can start talking with your friends in English or any other language and never run out of the right words.

So， friends， do give food to your thoughts by reading， reading and more reading. 5 Go and get a book！

A. Now what are you waiting for？

B. Reading can help you make more friends， too.

C. Why not eat something when you are hungry？

D. Just like your stomach， your mind can be hungry.

E. Also this makes a great contribution to your vocabulary.

F. Now this seed is unknowingly used by you to develop

new ideas.

G. The hunger of the mind can be satisfied through wide

reading.

1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

跟蹤导练（六）

选词填空

用方框里单词的正确形式填空，使其句意完整。有两个词是多余的。

recycle dust pollute cycle forecast complain

protect coast frighten mask melt absolute

1. The teacher ____ that twenty of his pupils would pass the examination.

2. How do you react when you see something ____ ， such as a fire？

3. The ____ of rubbish costs money and requires special equipment， but it is environmentally friendly.

4. The hurricane damaged many houses in the ____ towns.

5. The new law will reduce ____ of the air.

6. The nurses wore ____ and close-fitting white caps.

7. They ____ that the price of books had increased again.

8. The quiet country roads are ideal for ____ .

9. Its difficult to cross the desert by car， but not ____ impossible.

10. The trees provide ____ against the burning rays of the sun.

句子翻译

1. 天气太热了，男孩们相继跳进河里。（one after another）

2. 她的病对她的工作有很大影响。（have a bad effect on）

3. 我们俱乐部计划吸收20名新会员。（take in）

4. 桌上的那些蜡烛散发出柔和的光。（give out）

5. 他在写报告前把笔记浏览了一遍。（look through）

短文改错

Hello， boys and girls！ Today， I am going to talk with what you should do when a fire alarm go off. If you hear the alarm， stand in lines at the door and wait for your teacher lead you outside. Stay closely to your teacher and classmates. Dont get out of line， and tried to remain calm and quiet. Soon the firefighters will come and put off the fire. If its a false alarm and there is no fire， your teacher will lead us back to the classroom. If you notice that when someone is missed or hurt， tell your teacher immediately.

书面表达

某英文报正在举办以“Building a Good Relationship with Our Teachers”为题的征文活动，请你根据以下要点，写一篇100词左右的文稿，谈谈你的看法。

1.建立良好师生关系的必要性;

2.良好的师生关系应该是怎样的;

3.如何才能建立这种关系。

Building a Good Relationship with Our Teachers