张楠 谭红艳 王忠红 衣家奇 于宏达 宋微
[摘要] 目的 观察多排螺旋CT诊断及鉴别诊断甲状腺癌的临床价值。 方法 选取2017年12月~2018年12月于我院治疗的56例疑似甲状腺癌患者作为研究对象,应用多排螺旋CT进行检查,并与病理检查进行对比,并对甲状腺癌与良性甲状腺疾病的肿瘤边界是否清晰、肿瘤包膜是否完整、是否出现钙化及囊变、强化程度及是否伴有颈部淋巴结转移方面进行对比。 结果 56例疑似甲状腺癌患者中,经病理证实确诊40例,余16例为甲状腺良性病变。多排螺旋CT检查诊断的准确性为83.9%(47/56),甲状腺癌与甲状腺良性病变在肿瘤边界、肿瘤包膜、囊变、钙化、强化程度及伴有颈部淋巴结转移方面比较,差异具有显著性(P<0.05)。 结论 多排螺旋CT诊断及鉴别诊断甲状腺癌具有重要的临床价值。
[关键词] 甲状腺癌;多排螺旋CT;准确性;病理
[中图分类号] R730.44;R736.1 [文献标识码] B [文章编号] 1673-9701(2019)19-0122-03
[Abstract] Objective To observe the clinical value of multi-slice spiral CT in the diagnosis and differential diagnosis of thyroid cancer. Methods A total of 56 patients with suspected thyroid cancer who were treated in our hospital from December 2017 to December 2018 were enrolled in this study. They underwent multi-slice spiral CT examination and the CT results were compared with pathological examination. Whether the tumor boundary was clear, whether the tumor capsule was intact, whether calcification and cystic changes occurred, the degree of enhancement and whether it was accompanied by cervical lymph node between metastasis thyroid cancer and benign thyroid disease was compared. Results Of the 56 patients with suspected thyroid cancer, 40 were confirmed by pathology and the remaining 16 were benign thyroid lesions. The accuracy of multi-slice spiral CT examination was 83.9%(47/56). The difference between thyroid cancer and benign thyroid lesions in tumor boundary, tumor capsule, cystic change, calcification, degree of enhancement and cervical lymph node metastasis was significant(P<0.05). Conclusion Multi-slice spiral CT has important clinical value in the diagnosis and differential diagnosis of thyroid cancer.
[Key words] Thyroid cancer; Multi-slice spiral CT; Accuracy; Pathology
甲狀腺癌(thyroid carcinoma)是甲状腺最常见的恶性肿瘤,约占全身恶性肿瘤的1%[1]。近年来,由于受环境、遗传和射线暴露等因素影响,其发病率逐年升高。研究发现,不同影像诊断方式对甲状腺癌的诊断及准确性也不太相同[2]。近年来随着多层螺旋CT扫描技术的不断发展,其已经广泛应用于各种肿瘤的诊断与鉴别诊断中,并取得了较好的诊断效果,本研究旨在探讨多层螺旋CT对甲状腺癌的诊断和鉴别诊断价值,现报道如下。
1 资料与方法
1.1一般资料
选取2017年12月~2018年12月于我院治疗的56例疑似甲状腺癌患者作为研究对象,排除先天性甲状腺疾病患者及合并其他部位恶性肿瘤患者;排除合并严重心肝肾功能不全、精神疾病者、对比剂过敏者。其中男36例,女20例,年龄24~60岁,平均年龄(34.6±3.5)岁。病变部位:右侧26 例,左26例,双侧4例。
1.2 方法
采用日本东芝 16排螺旋CT进行检测。扫描前嘱患者呼吸和屏气,尽量保持呼吸平稳、禁吞咽。平扫:充分暴露患者颈部,从下颌角开始扫描至胸廓入口处结束。参数设置:电流300 mA,电压120 kV,层厚4 mm,螺距53,视野350 mm×350 mm。增强扫描:平扫后静脉注射造影剂碘海醇60~80 mL,后静脉注射生理盐水36 mL,于注射结束后的第25秒、第60秒进行增强扫描。检测仪器应用日本东芝公司生产的 16排螺旋CT,检查过程中指导患者扫描前练习不吞咽动作,扫描时取仰卧位,扫描范围从声带水平至颈根部,根据病灶大小延伸至上纵膈部位。CT扫描螺距 0.516:1,层厚5 mm,层距5 mm。增强扫描采用碘佛醇为对比剂,应用高压注射器行肘部静脉团注,注射速度3 mL/s,注射量80~100 mL,注射碘佛醇后22 s、50~60 s进行扫描。