低剂量阿帕替尼治疗晚期胃癌疗效及安全性分析

2019-04-25 03:21曾世彬徐焱尧李鹰飞龙剑查国华
中国现代医生 2019年7期
关键词:晚期胃癌阿帕替尼不良反应

曾世彬 徐焱尧 李鹰飞 龙剑 查国华

[摘要] 目的 回顾性分析低剂量阿帕替尼治疗晚期胃癌的临床疗效及不良反应。 方法 收集51例应用阿帕替尼治疗三线及三线以上晚期胃癌患者,早餐后口服500 mg/d,观察不良反应,定期复查评价疗效,随访记录生存时间。 结果 CR 患者0例,PR患者4例(6.67%),SD患者18例(35.29%),PD患者29例(56.87%),ORR为7.84%(4/51),DCR为43.13%(22/51)。单因素分析ECOG PS 评分0~1分患者有效率高于2分患者(P=0.001),合并手足综合征、高血压和蛋白尿,其治疗有效率高于无相应不良反应者(均P<0.05),多因素Logistic回归分析显示:ECOG PS、合并手足综合征、高血压是疗效独立预测因素(均P<0.05)。患者mPFS 3.43个月(95% CI,3.19~3.68),mOS 4.36个月(95% CI 3.84~4.90),亚组分析显示:DCR组mOS显著长于PD组(6.32个月vs 2.90个月,P<0.05)。 结论 低剂量阿帕替尼(500 mg/d)治疗三线及三线以上晚期胃癌疗效确切,安全性良好,不良反应可控。

[关键词] 晚期胃癌;阿帕替尼;疗效;不良反应;安全性

[中图分类号] R735.2          [文献标识码] B          [文章编号] 1673-9701(2019)07-0083-04

[Abstract] Objective To retrospectively analyze the clinical efficacy and adverse reactions of low-dose apatinib in the treatment of advanced gastric cancer. Methods 51 patients with third-line or more advanced gastric cancer were treated with apatinib, oral 500mg/d after breakfast. Adverse reactions were observed, and the efficacy was evaluated regularly. The survival time was followed up. Results There was 0 patient with CR, 4 patients with pulmonary disease (6.67%), 18 patients with SD (35.29%) and 29 patients with PD (56.87%). The percentage of ORR and DCR was 7.84% (4/51) and 43.13%(22/51). Univariate analysis showed that the efficacy was higher in ECOG PS score 0-1 points patients than that in patients with more than 2 points (P=0.001). And the efficacy was higher in patients combined with hand-foot syndrome, hypertension and proteinuria in patients with no corresponding adverse reactions(all P<0.05). Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that ECOG PS, combined with hand-foot syndrome and hypertension were independent predictors of efficacy (all P<0.05). The mPFS and the mOS of patients was 3.43 months (95% CI, 3.19 to 3.68) and 4.36 months(95% CI 3.84 to 4.90). Subgroup analysis showed that mOS was significantly longer in the DCR group than that in the PD group (6.32 months vs 2.90 months, P<0.05). Conclusion Low-dose apafitinib (500 mg/d) is effective in the treatment of third-line or more advanced gastric cancer, with good safety and controllable adverse reactions.

[Key words] Advanced gastric cancer; Apatinib; Efficacy; Adverse reactions; Safety

胃癌在我國是重点防控的恶性肿瘤之一,造成沉重的医疗卫生负担[1]。2012年中国胃癌的新增病例和死亡人数均占全球的约42%[2-3],胃癌占我国恶性肿瘤发病率第二位,恶性肿瘤死亡率第3位[4]。胃癌发病年龄以40~60岁最常见,男女比例为2.67:1,确诊时多已进展为晚期胃癌[5]。阿帕替尼(Apatinib,YN968D1),是我国首个完全自主研发的1.1类抗肿瘤新药,也是全球第一个在晚期胃癌患者中被证实为安全有效的小分子血管内皮细胞生长因子受体2(vascularendothelial growth factor receptor 2,VEGFR-2)酪氨酸激酶抑制剂[6]。目前阿帕替尼推荐剂量为850 mg/d,但对美国东部肿瘤协作组(eastern cooperative oncology group,ECOG)体力状况(performance status,PS)评分>2分、多线化疗以后、胃内原发癌灶没有切除、骨髓功能储备差、年老体弱等患者,直接应用治疗剂量850 mg/d多数患者不能耐受,为了确保患者的安全性和依从性,可以适当降低治疗剂量[7],本研究收集的晚期胃癌患者以阿帕替尼500 mg/d为治疗剂量,回顾性分析阿帕替尼治疗疗效及安全性。

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