Shelley and his greatest poem To the Moon

江苏南菁高级中学 薛海燕

话题导入

Step 1感知·阅读导航

这是一篇传记节选，包含诗歌欣赏和作者背景信息解读。《致月亮》一诗表达了诗人与月亮心心相通、惺惺相惜的心态情感。诗中的月亮被人性化，被赋予了人类的品格。诗人想象月亮因不停地攀登天堂，不断地凝望地球而感到疲倦困乏；在不同的星辰之间孤独地穿梭流浪，没有同伴相陪；像一只无欢乐的眼睛，因找不到值得长久停留的目标而变化不断。

雪莱诗歌中的月亮其实是写他自己，字里行间诗人的彷徨、苦闷、失望的心情，在作者背景信息中都能一一对应，雪莱的经历、立场、信念也都浓缩在诗歌里。

全文250字，建议用时5分钟。

阅读立意

阅读时应达到以下四个目标：

1.模仿诗歌的朗读方式，通过尝试翻译赏析中英文语言，关注押韵的写作特征，体会诗歌的音韵美；

2.体悟《致月亮》的主题意义和象征手法的运用，与相同意象的苏轼的《水调歌头》进行对比阅读，体会两首诗歌的意象美；

3.通过与《水调歌头》的对比阅读，联系作者背景信息，进行语言的赏析，感悟诗歌简洁语言背后的深意，体会诗歌的语言美；

4.通过品读Robert Burns的《一朵红红的玫瑰》，赏析三首诗歌“象征”手法的运用，再次体悟诗歌的音韵美、意象美和语言美。

未读先知

1.parliament（Para.2） n.议会；国会

2.expel（Para.2） v.驱逐出境

3.atheist（Para.2）n.无神论者

4.controversy（Para.4） n.争议；论战

5.trio（Para.5） n.三人组

Percy Bysshe Shelley， an English poet of the early nineteenth century， is widely thought of as one of the most important poets of the Romantic Movement in English literature.Some of his poems， like Ozymandias and Ode to the West Wind， are among the most famous in English.

Born in Horsham，Sussex，Shelley was the son of a member ofParliament.He attended the University of Oxford.However，one year later he wasexpelledfrom the University for beingan atheist.

Shelley married young，but left his wife to run away with Mary Godwin.After Shelley's first wife committed suicide， Shelley married Mary Godwin， who later became famous as Mary Shelley，the author of the novel Frankenstein.

Shelley left England and spent much of his life travelling in Europe，especially in Italy.He became a close friend of poet Lord Byron，who also left England and traveled in Europe because ofcontroversyat home.

About a month before his 30th birthday，Shelley drowned in a boating accident off the coast of Italy.He was one of thetrioof important English Romantic poets of the same generation who died young;the other two were Lord Byron and John Keats.

To the Moon Percy Bysshe Shelley

Art thou pale for weariness Of climbing heaven and gazing on the earth,

Wandering companionless

Among the stars that have a different birth,—

And ever changing,like a joyless eye

That finds no object worth its constancy?

Step 2 实践·文本解读

立意呈现

Ⅰ.Grasp the main content

How do you feel from listening/reading to the poem?

A.Happy and cheerful.B.Sad and lonely.

C.Jealous and resentful

D.Brave and ambitious.

Ⅱ.Understand the structure

1.What features does the moon have in this poem?

2.Can you follow the example and translate the title and the underlined lines into Chinese?Pay attention to the rhyme.

3.Read the poem again and Para.2～4 to learn about Shelley's experiences and predict what feelings are conveyed in the poem?

4.Read Para.1 and Para.5， what are Shelley's achievements?

【点石成金】将诗歌与作者背景信息进行链接，欣赏中英文语言美，感悟诗歌的主题意义，了解雪莱的文学地位。通过对诗歌音韵美（rhythmic beauty）， 意象美（imagery beauty）和语言美（linguistic beauty）的欣赏，培养学生对美的审辨能力。

Step 3 运用·读写整合

对比阅读

1.Both poets，Su Shi and Shelley are from different countries， speak different languages，and live in different times.Why can we create a talk between these two masters?

2.Listen to the tape and recite the poem written by Su Shi.

水调歌头

苏轼

明月几时有?

把酒问青天。

不知天上宫阙，

今夕是何年?

我欲乘风归去，

又恐琼楼玉宇，

高处不胜寒。

起舞弄清影，

何似在人间？

转朱阁，

低绮户，

照无眠。

不应有恨，

何事长向别时圆？

人有悲欢离合，

月有阴晴圆缺，

此事古难全。

但愿人长久，

千里共婵娟。

Prelude to the Melody of Water

How long will the bright moon appear?

Wine-cup in hand，I ask the sky.

I do not know what time of year

It would be tonight in the palace on high.

Riding the wind， there I would fly，

Yet I fear the crystal palace would be

Far too high and cold for me.

I rise and dance，with my shadow I play.

On high as on earth，would it be as gay?

The moon goes round the mansion red

Through gauze-draped windows soft to shed

Her light upon the sleepless bed

Against man she should have no spite.

Why then when people part is she oft full and bright?

Men have sorrow and joy，they part or meet again;

The moon may be bright or dim，she may was or wane.

There has been nothing perfect since the olden days.

So let us wish that man

Will live long as he can!

Though miles apart，we'll share the beauty she displays.

发展思维

1.Both Shelley and Su Shi use______as a symbol.

2.What is the theme of this Chinese poem Prelude to the Melody of Water?

【点石成金】通过对不同时期、不同语言、相似主题的诗歌进行对比赏析，可以提升文化意识，进行审美体验，习得象征手法在诗歌中的作用，发展学生的思维。

Step 4 提升·素养建构

写作技巧

What is the function of symbolism in poems?What does a red rose symbolize in Robert Burns'poem A Red，Red Rose？

视野拓展

摘录著名翻译家王佐良先生关于语言学习的以下见地，为本课诗歌赏析注脚：

1.通过文化来学习语言，语言也会学得更好；

2.文体、风格的研究是有实际用途的，它可以使我们更深入地观察英语的性能，看到英语的长处、短处，以及我们在学习英语时应该特别注意或警惕的地方。因为一方面英语不难使用，一方面又在不小心或过分小心的使用者面前布满了陷阱。

3.语言之所以有魅力，风格之所以值得研究，主要是因为后面有一个大的精神世界：但这两者又必须艺术地融合在一起，因此语言表达力同思想洞察力又是互相促进的。

请细品诗歌 A Red Red Rose。

A Red，Red Rose

Robert Burns

O my Luve's like a red， red rose，

That's newly sprung in June;

O my Luve's like the melodie，

That's sweetly play'd in tune.

As fair art thou， my bonie lass，

So deep in luve am I;

And I will luve thee still， my dear，

Till a'the seas gang dry.

Till a'the seas gang dry， my dear，

And the rocks melt wi'the sun;

And I will luve thee still， my dear，

While the sands o'life shall run.

And fare-thee-weel，my only Luve!

And fare-thee-weel，a while!

And I will come again， my Luve，

Tho'it were ten thousand mile!

一朵红红的玫瑰

王佐良（译）

呵，我的爱人像朵红红的玫瑰，

六月里迎风初开；

呵，我的爱人像支甜甜的曲子，

奏得和谐又合拍。

我的好姑娘，多么美丽的人儿!

请看我，多么深挚的爱情!

亲爱的，我永远爱你，

纵使大海干枯水流尽。

纵使大海干枯水流尽，

太阳将岩石烧作灰尘，

亲爱的，我永远爱你，

只要我一息犹存。

珍重吧，我唯一的爱人，

珍重吧，让我们暂时别离，

但我定要回来，

哪怕千里万里！